Euripides · Hippolytus Ἱππόλυτος

Euripides, Hippolytus 669–731: Third episode: Phaedra turns on the Nurse and resolves to die

Phaedra laments that women have no arts or arguments left, and tells the Chorus that she is undone. She curses the Nurse as a traitress to her friends, and the Nurse admits her fault but says that she wished to save her. Phaedra bids her be silent, makes the Chorus swear by Artemis not to reveal her secrets, and says that she has found one way out of her trouble, and that Hippolytus will learn from her misfortune.

Lines 669–731 · 561 words · click a number to copy its link

Phaedra

669τάλανες ὦ κακοτυχεῖς γυναικῶν πότμοι. 670τίνα νῦν ἢ τέχναν ἔχομεν ἢ τίνας σφαλεῖσαι κάθαμμα λύειν λόγους; ἐτύχομεν δίκας· ἰὼ γᾶ καὶ φῶς. πᾷ ποτ’ ἐξαλύξω τύχας; πῶς δὲ πῆμα κρύψω, φίλαι; 675τίς ἂν θεῶν ἀρωγὸς ἢ τίς ἂν βροτῶν πάρεδρος ἢ ξυνεργὸς ἀδίκων ἔργων φανείη; τὸ γὰρ παρ’ ἡμῖν πάθος πέραν δυσεκπέρατον ἔρχεται βίου. κακοτυχεστάτα γυναικῶν ἐγώ.

O the cruel, unhappy fate of women! What arts, what arguments have we, once we have made a slip, to loose by craft the tight-drawn knot? I have met my deserts. O earth, O light of day! How can I escape the stroke of fate? How my pangs conceal, kind friends? What god will appear to help me, what mortal to take my part or help me in unrighteousness? The present calamity of my life admits of no escape. Most hapless I of all my sex!

Χορός 680φεῦ φεῦ· πέπρακται, κοὐ κατώρθωνται τέχναι, δέσποινα, τῆς σῆς προσπόλου, κακῶς δ’ ἔχει. Φαίδρα ὦ παγκακίστη καὶ φίλων διαφθορεῦ, οἷ’ εἰργάσω με. Ζεύς σε γεννήτωρ ἐμὸς πρόρριζον ἐκτρίψειεν οὐτάσας πυρί. 685οὐκ εἶπον — οὐ σῆς προυνοησάμην φρενός; — σιγᾶν ἐφ’ οἷσι νῦν ἐγὼ κακύνομαι; σὺ δ’ οὐκ ἀνέσχου· τοιγὰρ οὐκέτ’ εὐκλεεῖς θανούμεθ’. ἀλλὰ δεῖ με δὴ καινῶν λόγων. οὗτος γὰρ ὀργῇ συντεθηγμένος φρένας 690ἐρεῖ καθ’ ἡμῶν πατρὶ σὰς ἁμαρτίας, ἐρεῖ δὲ Πιτθεῖ τῷ γέροντι συμφοράς, πλήσει τε πᾶσαν γαῖαν αἰσχίστων λόγων. ὄλοιο καὶ σὺ χὥστις ἄκοντας φίλους πρόθυμός ἐστι μὴ καλῶς εὐεργετεῖν. Τροφός 695δέσποιν’, ἔχεις μὲν τἀμὰ μέμψασθαι κακά· τὸ γὰρ δάκνον σου τὴν διάγνωσιν κρατεῖ· ἔχω δὲ κἀγὼ πρὸς τάδ’, εἰ δέξῃ, λέγειν. ἔθρεψά σ’ εὔνους τ’ εἰμί· τῆς νόσου δέ σοι ζητοῦσα φάρμαχ’ ηὗρον οὐχ ἁβουλόμην. 700εἰ δ’ εὖ γ’ ἔπραξα, κάρτ’ ἂν ἐν σοφοῖσιν ἦ· πρὸς τὰς τύχας γὰρ τὰς φρένας κεκτήμεθα. Φαίδρα ἦ γὰρ δίκαια ταῦτα κἀξαρκοῦντά μοι, τρώσασαν ἡμᾶς εἶτα συγχωρεῖν λόγοις; Τροφός μακρηγοροῦμεν· οὐκ ἐσωφρόνουν ἐγώ. 705ἀλλ’ ἔστι κἀκ τῶνδ’ ὥστε σωθῆναι, τέκνον. Φαίδρα παῦσαι λέγουσα· καὶ τὰ πρὶν γὰρ οὐ καλῶς παρῄνεσάς μοι κἀπεχείρησας κακά. ἀλλ’ ἐκποδὼν ἄπελθε καὶ σαυτῆς πέρι φρόντιζ’· ἐγὼ γὰρ τἀμὰ θήσομαι καλῶς. 710ὑμεῖς δέ, παῖδες εὐγενεῖς Τροζήνιαι, τοσόνδε μοι παράσχετ’ ἐξαιτουμένῃ, σιγῇ καλύπτειν ἁνθάδ’ εἰσηκούσατε. Χορός ὄμνυμι σεμνὴν Ἄρτεμιν, Διὸς κόρην, μηδὲν κακῶν σῶν ἐς φάος δείξειν ποτέ. Φαίδρα 715καλῶς ἔλεξας· ἓν δὲ προτρέπουσ’ ἐγὼ εὕρημα δῆτα τῆσδε συμφορᾶς ἔχω, ὥστ’ εὐκλεᾶ μὲν παισὶ προσθεῖναι βίον, αὐτή τ’ ὀνάσθαι πρὸς τὰ νῦν πεπτωκότα. οὐ γάρ ποτ’ αἰσχυνῶ γε Κρησίους δόμους, 720οὐδ’ ἐς πρόσωπον Θησέως ἀφίξομαι αἰσχροῖς ἐπ’ ἔργοις οὕνεκα ψυχῆς μιᾶς. Χορός μέλλεις δὲ δὴ τί δρᾶν ἀνήκεστον κακόν; Φαίδρα θανεῖν· ὅπως δέ, τοῦτ’ ἐγὼ βουλεύσομαι. Χορός εὔφημος ἴσθι. Φαίδρα καὶ σύ γ’ εὖ με νουθέτει. 725ἐγὼ δὲ Κύπριν, ἥπερ ἐξόλλυσί με, ψυχῆς ἀπαλλαχθεῖσα τῇδ’ ἐν ἡμέρᾳ τέρψω· πικροῦ δ’ ἔρωτος ἡσσηθήσομαι. ἀτὰρ κακόν γε χἁτέρῳ γενήσομαι θανοῦσ’, ἵν’ εἰδῇ μὴ ’πὶ τοῖς ἐμοῖς κακοῖς 730ὑψηλὸς εἶναι· τῆς νόσου δὲ τῆσδέ μοι κοινῇ μετασχὼν σωφρονεῖν μαθήσεται.

Chorus Alas, alas! the deed is done, thy servant’s schemes have gone awry, my queen, and all is lost.

Phaedra Accursed woman! traitress to thy friends! How hast thou ruined me! May Zeus, my ancestor, smite thee with his fiery bolt and uproot thee from thy place. Did I not foresee thy purpose, did I not bid thee keep silence on the very matter which is now my shame? But thou wouldst not be still; wherefore my fair name will not go with me to the tomb. But now I must another scheme devise. Yon youth, in the keenness of his fury, will tell his father of my sin, and the aged Pittheus of my state, and fill the world with stories to my shame. Perdition seize thee and every meddling fool who by dishonest means would serve unwilling friends!

Nurse Mistress, thou may’st condemn the mischief I have done, for sorrow’s sting o’ermasters thy judgment; yet can I answer thee in face of this, if thou wilt hear. ’Twas I who nurtured thee; I love thee still; but in my search for medicine to cure thy sickness I found what least I sought. Had I but succeeded, I had been counted wise, for the credit we get for wisdom is measured by our success.

Phaedra Is it just, is it any satisfaction to me, that thou shouldst wound me first, then bandy words with me?

Nurse We dwell on this too long; I was not wise, I own; but there are yet ways of escape from the trouble, my child.

Phaedra Be dumb henceforth; evil was thy first advice to me, evil too thy attempted scheme. Begone and leave me, look to thyself; I will my own fortunes for the best arrange. Ye noble daughters of Troezen, grant me the only boon I crave; in silence bury what ye here have heard.

Chorus By majestic Artemis, child of Zeus, I swear I will never divulge aught of thy sorrows.

Phaedra ’Tis well. But I, with all my thought, can but one way discover out of this calamity, that so I may secure my children’s honour, and find myself some help as matters stand. For never, never will I bring shame upon my Cretan home, nor will I, to save one poor life, face Theseus after my disgrace.

Chorus Art thou bent then on some cureless woe?

Phaedra On death; the means thereto must I devise myself.

Chorus Hush!

Phaedra Do thou at least advise me well. For this very day shall I gladden Cypris, my destroyer, by yielding up my life, and shall own myself vanquished by cruel love. Yet shall my dying be another’s curse, that he may learn not to exult at my misfortunes; but when he comes to share the self-same plague with me, he will take a lesson in wisdom.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Edward P. Coleridge (1891). Original text: Greek text: Gilbert Murray (ed.), Euripidis Fabulae, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1902, as digitised by Perseus. English: Edward P. Coleridge, The Plays of Euripides, London: George Bell and Sons, first published 1891 (Bohn's Classical Library; the Perseus header records a later printing).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.