Euripides · Hippolytus Ἱππόλυτος

Euripides, Hippolytus 1036–1089: Fourth episode: Theseus banishes Hippolytus

The Chorus says that his oath is a strong proof of innocence, but Theseus calls him a wizard and sentences him to exile rather than death. Hippolytus says that he would tell all if he were not bound by his oath, and asks to be heard by seers and by time. Theseus will not listen and orders his servants to drive him from the land.

Lines 1036–1089 · 488 words · click a number to copy its link
Χορός 1036ἀρκοῦσαν εἶπας αἰτίας ἀποστροφήν, ὅρκους παρασχών, πίστιν οὐ σμικράν, θεῶν. Θησεύς ἆρ’ οὐκ ἐπῳδὸς καὶ γόης πέφυχ’ ὅδε, ὃς τὴν ἐμὴν πέποιθεν εὐοργησίᾳ 1040ψυχὴν κρατήσειν, τὸν τεκόντ’ ἀτιμάσας; Ἱππόλυτος καὶ σοῦ γε ταὐτὰ κάρτα θαυμάζω, πάτερ· εἰ γὰρ σὺ μὲν παῖς ἦσθ’, ἐγὼ δὲ σὸς πατήρ, ἔκτεινά τοί σ’ ἂν κοὐ φυγαῖς ἐζημίουν, εἴπερ γυναικὸς ἠξίουν σ’ ἐμῆς θιγεῖν. Θησεύς 1045ὡς ἄξιον τόδ’ εἶπας· οὐχ οὕτω θανῇ. ταχὺς γὰρ Ἅιδης ῥᾷστος ἀνδρὶ δυστυχεῖ· ἀλλ’ ἐκ πατρῴας φυγὰς ἀλητεύων χθονὸς ὥσπερ σὺ σαυτῷ τόνδε προύθηκας νόμον — Ἱππόλυτος οἴμοι, τί δράσεις; οὐδὲ μηνυτὴν χρόνον δέξῃ καθ’ ἡμῶν, ἀλλά μ’ ἐξελᾷς χθονός; Θησεύς πέραν γε πόντου καὶ τόπων Ἀτλαντικῶν, εἴ πως δυναίμην, ὡς σὸν ἐχθαίρω κάρα. Ἱππόλυτος 1055οὐδ’ ὅρκον οὐδὲ πίστιν οὐδὲ μάντεων φήμας ἐλέγξας ἄκριτον ἐκβαλεῖς με γῆς; Θησεύς ἡ δέλτος ἥδε κλῆρον οὐ δεδεγμένη κατηγορεῖ σου πιστά· τοὺς δ’ ὑπὲρ κάρα φοιτῶντας ὄρνις πόλλ’ ἐγὼ χαίρειν λέγω.

Chorus Thy oath by heaven, strong security, sufficiently refutes the charge.

Theseus A wizard or magician must the fellow be, to think he can first flout me, his father, then by coolness master my resolve.

Hippolytus Father, thy part in this doth fill me with amaze; wert thou my son and I thy sire, by heaven! I would have slain, not let thee off with banishment, hadst thou presumed to violate my honour.

Theseus A just remark! yet shalt thou not die by the sentence thine own lips pronounce upon thyself; for death, that cometh in a moment, is an easy end for wretchedness. Nay, thou shalt be exiled from thy fatherland,

Hippolytus Oh! what wilt thou do? Wilt thou banish me, without so much as waiting for Time’s evidence on my case?

Theseus Ay, beyond the sea, beyond the bounds of Atlas, if I could, so deeply do I hate thee.

Hippolytus What! banish me untried, without even testing my oath, the pledge I offer, or the voice of seers?

Theseus This letter here, though it bears no seers’ signs, arraigns thy pledges; as for birds that fly o’er our heads, a long farewell to them.

Ἱππόλυτος 1060ὦ θεοί, τί δῆτα τοὐμὸν οὐ λύω στόμα, ὅστις γ’ ὑφ’ ὑμῶν, οὓς σέβω, διόλλυμαι; οὐ δῆτα· πάντως οὐ πίθοιμ’ ἂν οὕς με δεῖ, μάτην δ’ ἂν ὅρκους συγχέαιμ’ οὓς ὤμοσα. Θησεύς οἴμοι, τὸ σεμνὸν ὥς μ’ ἀποκτενεῖ τὸ σόν. 1065οὐκ εἶ πατρῴας ἐκτὸς ὡς τάχιστα γῆς; Ἱππόλυτος ποῖ δῆθ’ ὁ τλήμων τρέψομαι; τίνος ξένων δόμους ἔσειμι, τῇδ’ ἐπ’ αἰτίᾳ φυγών; Θησεύς ὅστις γυναικῶν λυμεῶνας ἥδεται ξένους κομίζων καὶ ξυνοικούρους κακῶν. Ἱππόλυτος 1070αἰαῖ, πρὸς ἧπαρ· δακρύων ἐγγὺς τόδε, εἰ δὴ κακός γε φαίνομαι, δοκῶ τέ σοι. Θησεύς τότε στενάζειν καὶ προγιγνώσκειν σ’ ἐχρῆν ὅτ’ ἐς πατρῴαν ἄλοχον ὑβρίζειν ἔτλης. Ἱππόλυτος ὦ δώματ’, εἴθε φθέγμα γηρύσαισθέ μοι 1075καὶ μαρτυρήσαιτ’ εἰ κακὸς πέφυκ’ ἀνήρ. Θησεύς ἐς τοὺς ἀφώνους μάρτυρας φεύγεις σοφῶς· τὸ δ’ ἔργον οὐ λέγον σε μηνύει κακόν. Ἱππόλυτος φεῦ· εἴθ’ ἦν ἐμαυτὸν προσβλέπειν ἐναντίον στάνθ’, ὡς ἐδάκρυσ’ οἷα πάσχομεν κακά. Θησεύς 1080πολλῷ γε μᾶλλον σαυτὸν ἤσκησας σέβειν ἢ τοὺς τεκόντας ὅσια δρᾶν δίκαιος ὤν. Ἱππόλυτος ὦ δυστάλαινα μῆτερ, ὦ πικραὶ γοναί· μηδείς ποτ’ εἴη τῶν ἐμῶν φίλων νόθος. Θησεύς οὐχ ἕλξετ’ αὐτόν, δμῶες; οὐκ ἀκούετε 1085πάλαι ξενοῦσθαι τόνδε προυννέποντά με; Ἱππόλυτος κλαίων τις αὐτῶν ἆρ’ ἐμοῦ τεθίξεται· σὺ δ’ αὐτός, εἴ σοι θυμός, ἐξώθει χθονός. Θησεύς δράσω τάδ’, εἰ μὴ τοῖς ἐμοῖς πείσῃ λόγοις· οὐ γάρ τις οἶκτος σῆς μ’ ὑπέρχεται φυγῆς.

Hippolytus Great gods! why do I not unlock my lips, seeing that I am ruined by you, the objects of my reverence? No, I will not; I should nowise persuade those whom I ought to, and in vain should break the oath I swore.

Theseus Fie upon thee! that solemn air of thine is more than I can bear. Begone from thy native land forthwith!

Hippolytus Whither shall I turn? Ah me! whose friendly house will take me in, an exile on so grave a charge?

Theseus Seek one who loves to entertain as guests and partners in his crimes corrupters of men’s wives.

Hippolytus Ah me! this wounds my heart and brings me nigh to tears to think that I should appear so vile, and thou believe me so.

Theseus Thy tears and forethought had been more in season when thou didst presume to outrage thy father’s wife.

Hippolytus O house, I would thou couldst speak for me and witness if I am so vile!

Theseus Dost fly to speechless witnesses? This deed, though it speaketh not, proves thy guilt clearly.

Hippolytus Alas! Would I could stand and face myself, so should I weep to see the sorrows I endure.

Theseus Ay, ’tis thy character to honour thyself far more than reverence thy parents, as thou shouldst.

Hippolytus Unhappy mother! son of sorrow! Heaven keep all friends of mine from bastard birth!

Theseus Ho! servants, drag him hence! You heard my proclamation long ago condemning him to exile.

Hippolytus Whoso of them doth lay a hand on me shall rue it; thyself expel me, if thy spirit move thee, from the land.

Theseus I will, unless my word thou straight obey; no pity for thy exile steals into my heart.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Edward P. Coleridge (1891). Original text: Greek text: Gilbert Murray (ed.), Euripidis Fabulae, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1902, as digitised by Perseus. English: Edward P. Coleridge, The Plays of Euripides, London: George Bell and Sons, first published 1891 (Bohn's Classical Library; the Perseus header records a later printing).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.