Euripides · Hippolytus Ἱππόλυτος

Euripides, Hippolytus 1255–1324: Exodos: Theseus hears the news and Artemis appears

Theseus says that his hatred of his son made him glad of the news, yet feels neither joy nor sorrow at his sufferings, and orders his servants to bring him home. The Chorus sings that Aphrodite rules the hearts of gods and men, and that her power is supreme, and then the goddess Artemis appears. She tells Theseus that he has slain his son on a false charge, explains Phaedra's passion and the lying letter, and says that he misused one of Poseidon's three promised wishes.

Lines 1255–1324 · 584 words · click a number to copy its link
Χορός 1255αἰαῖ· κέκρανται συμφορὰ νέων κακῶν, οὐδ’ ἔστι μοίρας τοῦ χρεών τ’ ἀπαλλαγή. Θησεύς μίσει μὲν ἀνδρὸς τοῦ πεπονθότος τάδε λόγοισιν ἥσθην τοῖσδε· νῦν δ’ αἰδούμενος θεούς τ’ ἐκεῖνόν θ’, οὕνεκ’ ἐστὶν ἐξ ἐμοῦ, 1260οὔθ’ ἥδομαι τοῖσδ’ οὔτ’ ἐπάχθομαι κακοῖς. Ἄγγελος πῶς οὖν; κομίζειν, ἢ τί χρὴ τὸν ἄθλιον δράσαντας ἡμᾶς σῇ χαρίζεσθαι φρενί; φρόντιζ’· ἐμοῖς δὲ χρώμενος βουλεύμασιν οὐκ ὠμὸς ἐς σὸν παῖδα δυστυχοῦντ’ ἔσῃ. Θησεύς 1265κομίζετ’ αὐτόν, ὡς ἰδὼν ἐν ὄμμασιν τὸν τἄμ’ ἀπαρνηθέντα μὴ χρᾶναι λέχη λόγοις τ’ ἐλέγξω δαιμόνων τε συμφοραῖς.

Chorus Alas! new troubles come to plague us, nor is there any escape from fate and necessity.

Theseus My hatred for him who hath thus suffered made me glad at thy tidings, yet from regard for the gods and him, because he is my son, I feel neither joy nor sorrow at his sufferings.

Messenger But say, are we to bring the victim hither, or how are we to fulfil thy wishes? Bethink thee; if by me thou wilt be schooled, thou wilt not harshly treat thy son in his sad plight.

Theseus Bring him hither, that when I see him face to face, who hath denied having polluted my wife’s honour, I may by words and heaven’s visitation convict him.

Chorus

1268σὺ τὰν θεῶν ἄκαμπτον φρένα καὶ βροτῶν ἄγεις, Κύπρι, σὺν δ’ 1270ὁ ποικιλόπτερος ἀμφιβαλὼν ὠκυτάτῳ πτερῷ. ποτᾶται δὲ γαῖαν εὐάχητόν θ’ ἁλμυρὸν ἐπὶ πόντον. θέλγει δ’ Ἔρως, ᾧ μαινομένᾳ κραδίᾳ 1275πτανὸς ἐφορμάσῃ χρυσοφαής, φύσιν ὀρεσκόων σκυλάκων πελαγίων θ’ ὅσα τε γᾶ τρέφει τά τ’ ἀέλιος αἰθόμενα δέρκεται, 1280ἄνδρας τε· συμπάντων βασιληίδα τιμάν, Κύπρι, τῶνδε μόνα κρατύνεις.

Ah! Cypris, thine the hand that guides the stubborn hearts of gods and men; thine, and that attendant boy’s, who, with painted plumage gay, flutters round his victims on lightning wing. O’er the land and booming deep on golden pinion borne flits the god of Love, maddening the heart and beguiling the senses of all whom he attacks, savage whelps on mountains bred, ocean’s monsters, creatures of this sun-warmed earth, and man; thine, O Cypris, thine alone the sovereign power to rule them all.

Artemis

1283σὲ τὸν εὐπατρίδην Αἰγέως κέλομαι παῖδ’ ἐπακοῦσαι· 1285Λητοῦς δὲ κόρη σ’ Ἄρτεμις αὐδῶ. Θησεῦ, τί τάλας τοῖσδε συνήδῃ, παῖδ’ οὐχ ὁσίως σὸν ἀποκτείνας, ψευδέσι μύθοις ἀλόχου πεισθεὶς ἀφανῆ; φανερὰν δ’ ἔσχεθες ἄτην. 1290πῶς οὐχ ὑπὸ γῆς τάρταρα κρύπτεις δέμας αἰσχυνθείς, ἢ πτηνὸς ἄνω μεταβὰς βίοτον πήματος ἔξω πόδα τοῦδ’ ἀνέχεις; ὡς ἔν γ’ ἀγαθοῖς ἀνδράσιν οὔ σοι 1295κτητὸν βιότου μέρος ἐστίν.

Hearken, I bid thee, noble son of Aegeus: lo! ’tis I Latona’s child, that speak, I, Artemis. Why, Theseus, to thy sorrow dost thou rejoice at these tidings, seeing that thou hast slain thy son most impiously, listening to a charge not clearly proved, but falsely sworn to by thy wife? though clearly has the curse therefrom upon thee fallen. Why dost thou not for very shame hide beneath the dark places of the earth, or change thy human life and soar on wings to escape this tribulation? ’Mongst men of honour thou hast now no share in life.

Ἄρτεμις 1296ἄκουε, Θησεῦ, σῶν κακῶν κατάστασιν· καίτοι προκόψω γ’ οὐδέν, ἀλγυνῶ δέ σε. ἀλλ’ ἐς τόδ’ ἦλθον, παιδὸς ἐκδεῖξαι φρένα τοῦ σοῦ δικαίαν, ὡς ὑπ’ εὐκλείας θάνῃ, 1300καὶ σῆς γυναικὸς οἶστρον ἢ τρόπον τινὰ γενναιότητα· τῆς γὰρ ἐχθίστης θεῶν ἡμῖν, ὅσαισι παρθένειος ἡδονή, δηχθεῖσα κέντροις παιδὸς ἠράσθη σέθεν. γνώμῃ δὲ νικᾶν τὴν Κύπριν πειρωμένη 1305τροφοῦ διώλετ’ οὐχ ἑκοῦσα μηχαναῖς, ἣ σῷ δι’ ὅρκων παιδὶ σημαίνει νόσον. ὃ δ’, ὥσπερ ὢν δίκαιος, οὐκ ἐφέσπετο λόγοισιν, οὐδ’ αὖ πρὸς σέθεν κακούμενος ὅρκων ἀφεῖλε πίστιν, εὐσεβὴς γεγώς. 1310ἣ δ’ εἰς ἔλεγχον μὴ πέσῃ φοβουμένη ψευδεῖς γραφὰς ἔγραψε καὶ διώλεσεν δόλοισι σὸν παῖδ’· ἀλλ’ ὅμως ἔπεισέ σε. Θησεύς οἴμοι. Ἄρτεμις δάκνει σε, Θησεῦ, μῦθος; ἀλλ’ ἔχ’ ἥσυχος, τοὐνθένδ’ ἀκούσας ὡς ἂν οἰμώξῃς πλέον. 1315ἆρ’ οἶσθα πατρὸς τρεῖς ἀρὰς ἔχων σαφεῖς; ὧν τὴν μίαν παρεῖλες, ὦ κάκιστε σύ, ἐς παῖδα τὸν σόν, ἐξὸν εἰς ἐχθρόν τινα. πατὴρ μὲν οὖν σοι πόντιος φρονῶν καλῶς ἔδωχ’ ὅσονπερ χρῆν, ἐπείπερ ᾔνεσεν· 1320σὺ δ’ ἔν τ’ ἐκείνῳ κἀν ἐμοὶ φαίνῃ κακός, ὃς οὔτε πίστιν οὔτε μάντεων ὄπα ἔμεινας, οὐκ ἤλεγξας, οὐ χρόνῳ μακρῷ σκέψιν παρέσχες, ἀλλὰ θᾶσσον ἤ σ’ ἐχρῆν ἀρὰς ἀφῆκας παιδὶ καὶ κατέκτανες.

Artemis Hearken, Theseus; I will put thy wretched case. Yet will it naught avail thee, if I do, but vex thy heart; still with this intent I came, to show thy son’s pure heart,—that he may die with honour,— as well the frenzy, and, in a sense, the nobleness of thy wife; for she was cruelly stung with a passion for thy son by that goddess whom all we, that joy in virgin purity, detest. And though she strove to conquer love by resolution, yet by no fault of hers she fell, thanks to her nurse’s strategy, who did reveal her malady unto thy son under oath. But he would none of her counsels, as indeed was right, nor yet, when thou didst revile him, would he break the oath he swore, from piety. She meantime, fearful of being found out, wrote a lying letter, destroying by guile thy son, but yet persuading thee.

Theseus Woe is me!

Artemis Doth my story wound thee, Theseus? Be still awhile; hear what follows, so wilt thou have more cause to groan. Dost remember those three prayers thy father granted thee, fraught with certain issue? ’Tis one of these thou hast misused, unnatural wretch, against thy son, instead of aiming it at an enemy. Thy sea-god sire, ’tis true, for all his kind intent, hath granted that boon he was compelled, by reason of his promise, to grant. But thou alike in his eyes and in mine hast shewn thy evil heart, in that thou hast forestalled all proof or voice prophetic, hast made no inquiry, nor taken time for consideration, but with undue haste cursed thy son even to the death.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Edward P. Coleridge (1891). Original text: Greek text: Gilbert Murray (ed.), Euripidis Fabulae, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1902, as digitised by Perseus. English: Edward P. Coleridge, The Plays of Euripides, London: George Bell and Sons, first published 1891 (Bohn's Classical Library; the Perseus header records a later printing).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.