μετὰ δὲ τὸ Δῖον αἱ τοῦ Ἁλιάκμονος ἐκβολαί· εἶτα Πύδνα Μεθώνη Ἄλωρος καὶ ὁ Ἐρίγων ποταμὸς καὶ Λουδίας, ὁ μὲν ἐκ Τρικλάρων ῥέων διʼ Ὀρεστῶν καὶ τῆς Πελαγονίας ἐν ἀριστερᾷ ἀφιεὶς τὴν πόλιν καὶ συμβάλλων τῷ Ἀξιῷ· ὁ δὲ Λουδίας εἰς Πέλλαν ἀνάπλουν ἔχων σταδίων ἑκατὸν καὶ εἴκοσι. μέση δʼ οὖσα ἡ Μεθώνη τῆς μὲν Πύδνης ὅσον τετταράκοντα σταδίων ἀπέχει, τῆς Ἀλώρου δὲ ἑβδομήκοντα. ἔστι δʼ ἡ Ἄλωρος τὸ μυχαίτατον τοῦ Θερμαίου κόλπου· λέγεται δὲ Θεσσαλονίκεια διὰ τὴν ἐπιφάνειαν. τὴν μὲν οὖν Ἄλωρον Βοτταϊκὴν νομίζουσι, τὴν δὲ Πύδναν Πιερικήν. Πέλλα ἐστὶ μὲν τῆς κάτω Μακεδονίας ἣν Βοττιαῖοι κατεῖχον· ἐνταῦθʼ ἦν πάλαι τὸ τῆς Μακεδονίας χρηματιστήριον· ηὔξησε τὴν πόλιν ἐκ μικρᾶς Φίλιππος τραφεὶς ἐν αὐτῇ. ἔχει δʼ ἄκραν ἐν λίμνῃ τῇ καλουμένῃ Λουδίᾳ· ἐκ ταύτης ὁ Λουδίας ἐκδίδωσι ποταμός, αὐτὴν δὲ πληροῖ τοῦ Ἀξιοῦ τι ἀπόσπασμα. ὁ δὲ Ἀξιὸς ἐκδίδωσι μεταξὺ Χαλάστρας καὶ Θέρμης· ἐπίκειται δὲ τῷ ποταμῷ τούτῳ χωρίον ἐρυμνόν, ὃ νῦν μὲν καλεῖται Ἀβυδών, Ὅμηρος δʼ Ἀμυδῶνα καλεῖ, καί φησι τοὺς Παίονας ἐντεῦθεν εἰς Τροίαν ἐπικούρους ἐλθεῖν τηλόθεν ἐξ Ἀμυδῶνος ἀπʼ Ἀξιοῦ εὐρυρέοντος. / κατεσκάφη δʼ ὑπὸ τῶν Ἀργεαδῶν. E.
After Dium follow the mouths of the Haliacmon; then Pydna, Methone, Alorus, and the rivers Erigon and Ludias. The Ludias flows from Triclari, through the Oresti and the Pellaean country (Pelagonia): leaving the city on the left it falls into the Axius. The Ludias is navigable up the stream to Pella 120 stadia. Methone is situated in the middle, about 40 stadia distant from Pydna, and 70 stadia from Alorus. Alorus is situated in the farthest recess of the Thermaean Gulf. It was called Thessalonica on account of the splendid [victory obtained over the Thessalians]. Alorus is considered as belonging to Bottiaea and Pydna to Pieria. Pella is in Lower Macedonia, which was in possession of the Bottiaei. Here was formerly the Macedonian Treasury. Philip, who was brought up in this place, raised it from an inconsiderable city to some importance. It has a citadel situated on a lake called Ludias. From this lake issues the river Ludias, which is filled by a branch of the Axius. The Axius discharges itself between Chalastra and Therma. Near this river is a fortified place, now called Abydos; Homer calls it Amydon, and says that the Paeonians came from hence to assist the Trojans during the siege of Troy. From afar, from Amydon, from Axius’ wide stream. / It was razed by the Argeadae. E.
ὅτι ὁ Ἀξιὸς θολερὸς ῥεῖ· ὁ δʼ Ὅμηρος Ἀξιοῦ κάλλιστον ὕδωρ φησίν, ἴσως διὰ τὴν πηγὴν τὴν καλουμένην Αἶαν, ἣ καθαρώτατον ἐκδιδοῦσα ὕδωρ εἰς τοῦτον ἐλέγχει φαύλην ὑπάρχουσαν τὴν νῦν φερομένην γραφὴν παρὰ τῷ ποιητῇ. μετὰ δὲ Ἀξιὸν Ἐχέδωρος ἐν σταδίοις εἴκοσιν· εἶτα Θεσσαλονίκεια Κασάνδρου κτίσμα ἐν ἄλλοις τετταράκοντα καὶ ἡ Ἐγνατία ὁδός. ἐπωνόμασε δὲ τὴν πόλιν ἀπὸ τῆς ἑαυτοῦ γυναικὸς Θεσσαλονίκης, Φιλίππου δὲ τοῦ Ἀμύντου θυγατρός, καθελὼν τὰ ἐν τῇ Κρουσίδι πολίσματα καὶ τὰ ἐν τῷ Θερμαίῳ κόλπῳ περὶ ἓξ καὶ εἴκοσι καὶ συνοικίσας εἰς ἕν· ἡ δὲ μητρόπολις τῆς νῦν Μακεδονίας ἐστί. τῶν δὲ συνοικισθεισῶν ἦν Ἀπολλωνία καὶ Χαλάστρα καὶ Θέρμα καὶ Γαρησκὸς καὶ Αἴνεια καὶ Κισσός, ὧν τὴν Κισσὸν ὑπονοήσειεν ἄν τις τῷ Κισσῇ προσήκειν, οὗ μέμνηται ὁ ποιητής Κισσῆς τόν γʼ ἔθρεψε, / τὸν Ἰφιδάμαντα λέγων. E.
The water of the Axius is turbid. Homer, however, says that the water is month beautiful, probably on account of a spring called Aea which runs into it, the water of which is of surpassing clearness. This is sufficient to prove that the present reading in the poem is erroneous. After the Axius is the Echedorus, 20 stadia distant. Then Thessalonica, founded by Cassander, 40 stadia farther on, and the Egnatian Way. He named the city after his wife Thessalonice, the daughter of Philip Amyntas, and pulled down nearly 26 cities in the district of Crucis, and on the Thermraean Gulf, collecting the inhabitants into one city. It is the metropolis of the present Macedonia. The cities transferred to Thessalonica were Apollonia, Chalastra, Therma, Garescus, Aenea, and Cissus. Cissus, it is probable, belonged to Cisseus, who is mentioned by the poet. Cisseus educated him, meaning Iphidamas. E.
ὅτι μετὰ τὸ Δῖον πόλιν ὁ Ἁλιάκμων ποταμὸς ἔστιν, ἐκβάλλων εἰς τὸν Θερμαῖον κόλπον· καὶ τὸ ἀπὸ τούτου ἡ πρὸς βορρᾶν τοῦ κόλπου παραλία Πιερία καλεῖται ἕως τοῦ Ἀξιοῦ ποταμοῦ, ἐν ᾗ καὶ πόλις Πύδνα, ἣ νῦν Κίτρον καλεῖται· εἶτα Μεθώνη καὶ Ἄλωρος πόλεις· εἶτα Ἐρίγων καὶ Λουδίας ποταμοί· ἀπὸ δὲ Λουδίου εἰς Πέλλαν πόλιν ἀνάπλους στάδια ἑκατὸν εἴκοσιν. ἀπέχει δʼ ἡ Μεθώνη τῆς μὲν Πύδνης στάδια τετταράκοντα, τῆς Ἀλώρου δὲ ἑβδομήκοντα στάδια. ἡ μὲν οὖν Πύδνα Πιερική ἐστι πόλις, ἡ δὲ Ἄλωρος Βοτταϊκή. ἐν μὲν οὖν τῷ πρὸ τῆς Πύδνης πεδίῳ Ῥωμαῖοι Περσέα καταπολεμήσαντες καθεῖλον τὴν τῶν Μακεδόνων βασιλείαν, ἐν δὲ τῷ πρὸ τῆς Μεθώνης πεδίῳ γενέσθαι συνέβη Φιλίππῳ τῷ Ἀμύντου τὴν ἐκκοπὴν τοῦ δεξιοῦ ὀφθαλμοῦ καταπελτικῷ βέλει κατὰ τὴν πολιορκίαν τῆς πόλεως. Epit.
After the city Drium is the river Haliacmon, which discharges itself into the Thermaean Gulf. From hence to the river Axius the sea-coast on the north of the gulf bears the name of Pieria, on which is situated the city Pydna, now called Citrum. Then follow Methone and the river Alorus; then the rivers Erigon and Ludias. From Ludias to the city Pella the river is navigated upwards to the distance of 20 stadia. Methone is distant from Pydna 40 stadia, and 70 stadia from Alorus. Pydna is a Pierian, Alorus a Bottiaean city. In the plain of Pydna the Romans defeated Perseus, and put an end to the Macedonian empire. In the plain of Methone, during the siege of the city, Philip Amyntas accidentally lost his right eye by an arrow discharged from a catapult. EPIT.
ὅτι τὴν Πέλλαν οὖσαν μικρὰν πρότερον Φίλιππος εἰς μῆκος ηὔξησε τραφεὶς ἐν αὐτῇ· ἔχει δὲ λίμνην πρὸ αὑτῆς, ἐξ ἧς ὁ Λουδίας ποταμὸς ῥεῖ· τὴν δὲ λίμνην πληροῖ τοῦ Ἀξιοῦ τι ποταμοῦ ἀπόσπασμα. εἶτα ὁ Ἀξιὸς διαιρῶν τήν τε Βοττιαίαν καὶ τὴν Ἀμφαξῖτιν γῆν, καὶ παραλαβὼν τὸν Ἐρίγωνα ποταμὸν ἐξίησι μεταξὺ Χαλάστρας καὶ Θέρμης· ἐπίκειται δὲ τῷ Ἀξιῷ ποταμῷ χωρίον, ὅπερ Ὅμηρος Ἀμυδῶνα καλεῖ, καί φησι τοὺς Παίονας ἐντεῦθεν εἰς Τροίαν ἐπικούρους ἐλθεῖν τηλόθεν ἐξ Ἀμυδῶνος ἀπʼ Ἀξιοῦ εὐρυρέοντος. / ἀλλʼ ἐπεὶ ὁ μὲν Ἀξιὸς θολερός ἐστι, κρήνη δέ τις ἐξ Ἀμυδῶνος ἀνίσχουσα καὶ ἐπιμιγνυμένη αὐτῷ καλλίστου ὕδατος, διὰ τοῦτο τὸν ἑξῆς στίχον Ἀξιοῦ, οὗ κάλλιστον ὕδωρ ἐπικίδναται Αἶαν / μεταγράφουσιν οὕτως Ἀξιοῦ, ᾧ κάλλιστον ὕδωρ ἐπικίδναται Αἴης. / οὐ γὰρ τὸ τοῦ Ἀξιοῦ ὕδωρ κάλλιστον τῇ πηγῇ ἐπικίδναται, ἀλλὰ τὸ τῆς πηγῆς τῷ Ἀξιῷ. Epit.
Philip, who was brought up at Pella, formerly a small city, much improved it. In front of the city is a lake, out of which flows the river Ludias. The lake is supplied by a branch of the river Axius. Next follows the Axius, which separates the territory of Bottiaea and Amphaxitis, and after receiving the river Erigon, issues out between Chalestra and Therme. On the river Axius is a place which Homer calls Amydon, and says that the Paeones set out thence as auxiliaries to Troy: From afar, from Amydon, from Axius’ wide stream. / The Axius is a turbid river, but as a spring of clearest water rises in Amydon, and mingles with the Axius, some have altered the line ἀξιοῦ, οὔ κάλλισττον ὕδωρ ἐπικίδναται αἶαν, / Axius, whose fairest water o’erspreads Aea, / to ἀξιοῦ, ᾧ κάλλιστον ὕοδωρ ἐπικίδναται αἴης. / Axius, o’er whom spreads Aea’s fairest water. / For it is not the fairest water which is diffused over the spring, but the fairest water of the spring which is diffused over the Axius. EPIT.
ὅτι μετὰ τὸν Ἀξιὸν ποταμὸν ἡ Θεσσαλονίκη ἐστὶ πόλις, ἣ πρότερον Θέρμη ἐκαλεῖτο· κτίσμα δʼ ἐστὶ Κασσάνδρου, ὃς ἐπὶ τῷ ὀνόματι τῆς ἑαυτοῦ γυναικός, παιδὸς δὲ Φιλίππου τοῦ Ἀμύντου, ὠνόμασε· μετῴκισε δὲ τὰ πέριξ πολίχνια εἰς αὐτήν, οἷον Χαλάστραν Αἴνειαν Κισσὸν καί τινα καὶ ἄλλα. ἐκ δὲ τοῦ Κισσοῦ τούτου ὑπονοήσειεν ἄν τις γενέσθαι καὶ τὸν παρʼ Ὁμήρῳ Ἰφιδάμαντα, οὗ ὁ πάππος Κισσεὺς ἔθρεψεν αὐτὸν (φησὶν) ἐν Θρῄκῃ, ἣ νῦν Μακεδονία καλεῖται. Epit.
After the river Axius is the city Thessalonica, formerly called Therma. It was founded by Cassander, who called it after the name of his wife, a daughter of Philip Amyntas. He transferred to it the small surrounding cities, Chalastra, Aenea, Cissus, and some others. Probably from this Cissus came Iphidamas, mentioned in Homer, whose grandfather Cisseus educated him, he says, in Thrace, which is now called Macedonia. EPIT.
ὅτι αὐτοῦ που καὶ τὸ Βέρμιον ὄρος, ὃ πρότερον κατεῖχον Βρίγες Θρᾳκῶν ἔθνος, ὧν τινες διαβάντες εἰς τὴν Ἀσίαν Φρύγες μετωνομάσθησαν· μετὰ δὲ Θεσσαλονίκειάν ἐστι τὰ λοιπὰ τοῦ Θερμαίου κόλπου μέχρι τοῦ Καναστραίου. τοῦτο δʼ ἐστὶν ἄκρα χερρονησίζουσα, ἀνταίρουσα τῇ Μαγνήτιδι· ὄνομα δὲ τῇ χερρονήσῳ Παλλήνη· πενταστάδιον δʼ ἔχει τὸν ἰσθμὸν διορωρυγμένον· κεῖται δʼ ἐπʼ αὐτῷ πόλις ἡ πρότερον μὲν Ποτίδαια, Κορινθίων κτίσμα, ὕστερον δὲ Κασάνδρεια ἀπὸ τοῦ αὐτοῦ βασιλέως Κασάνδρου ἀναλαβόντος αὐτὴν ἀνατετραμμένην· ὁ περίπλους ταύτης τῆς χερρονήσου πεντακοσίων καὶ ἑβδομήκοντα. ἔτι δὲ πρότερον τοὺς Γίγαντας ἐνταῦθα γενέσθαι φασὶ καὶ τὴν χώραν ὀνομάζεσθαι Φλέγραν οἱ μὲν μυθολογοῦντες οἱ δὲ πιθανώτερον ἔθνος τι βάρβαρον καὶ ἀσεβὲς ἀποφαίνοντες τὸ κατέχον τὸν τόπον, καταλυθὲν δʼ ὑπὸ Ἡρακλέους, ἡνίκα τὴν Τροίαν ἑλὼν ἀνέπλει εἰς τὴν οἰκείαν. κἀνταῦθα δὲ τῆς λύμης αἱ Τρῳάδες αἴτιαι λέγονται, ἐμπρήσασαι τὰς ναῦς, ἵνα μὴ ταῖς γυναιξὶ τῶν ἑλόντων αὐτὰς δουλεύοιεν. E.
Somewhere in this neighbourhood is the mountain Bermius, which was formerly in the possession of the Briges, a Thracian nation, some of whom passed over to Asia and were called by another name, Phrygians (Phryges). After Thessalonica follows the remaining part of the Thermaean Gulf, extending to Canastraeum. This is a promontory of a peninsula form, and is opposite to Magnesia. Pallene is the name of the peninsula. It has an isthmus 5 stadia in width, with a ditch cut across it. There is a city on the peninsula, formerly called Potidaea, founded by the Corinthians, but afterwards it was called Cassandria, from king Cassander, who restored it after it was demolished. It is a circuit of 570 stadia round the peninsula by sea. Here giants were said to have lived, and the region to have been called Phlegra. Some consider this to be a mere fable, but others, with greater probability on their side, see implied in it the existence of a barbarous and lawless race of people who once occupied the country, but who were destroyed by Hercules on his return home, after the capture of Troy. Here also the Trojan women are said to have committed the destructive act of burning the ships, to avoid becoming the slaves of their captors’ wives. E.
ὅτι ἡ Βέροια πόλις ἐν ταῖς ὑπωρείαις κεῖται τοῦ Βερμίου ὄρους. Epit.
The city Beroea lies at the roots of Mount Bermius. EPIT.
ὅτι ἡ Παλλήνη χερρόνησος, ἧς ἐν τῷ ἰσθμῷ κεῖται ἡ πρὶν μὲν Ποτίδαια νῦν δὲ Κασσάνδρεια, Φλέγρα τὸ πρὶν ἐκαλεῖτο· ᾤκουν δʼ αὐτὴν οἱ μυθευόμενοι Γίγαντες, ἔθνος ἀσεβὲς καὶ ἄνομον, οὓς Ἡρακλῆς διέφθειρεν· ἔχει δὲ πόλεις τέσσαρας, Ἄφυτιν Μένδην Σκιώνην Σάνην. Epit.
Pallene is a peninsula. On the isthmus of Pallene lies what was once Potidaea, but now Cassandra. It was formerly called Phlegra, and was inhabited by the fabulous giants, an impious and lawless race, who were destroyed by Hercules. It has upon it four cities, Aphytis, Mende, Scione, and Sana. EPIT.
ὅτι διεῖχε Ποτιδαίας Ὄλυνθος ἑβδομήκοντα σταδίους. E.
Olynthus is distant from Potidaea 70 stadia. E.
ὅτι τῆς Ὀλύνθου ἐπίνειόν ἐστι Μηκύπερνα ἐν τῷ Τορωναίῳ κόλπῳ. Epit.
The arsenal of Olynthus is Mecyberna, on the Toronaean Gulf. EPIT.
ὅτι πλησίον Ὀλύνθου χωρίον ἐστὶ κοῖλον, καλούμενον Κανθαρώλεθρον ἐκ τοῦ συμβεβηκότος· τὸ γὰρ ζῷον ὁ κάνθαρος τῆς πέριξ χώρας γινόμενος, ἡνίκα ψαύσῃ τοῦ χωρίου ἐκείνου, διαφθείρεται. Epit.
Near Olynthus is a hollow tract called Cantharolethron, from an accidental circumstance. The Cantharus, (the beetle,) which is bred in the surrounding country, dies as soon as it touches this tract. EPIT.
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