μετὰ δὲ Κασάνδρειαν ἐφεξῆς ἡ λοιπὴ τοῦ Τορωνικοῦ κόλπου παραλία μέχρι Δέρρεως· ἄκρα δʼ ἐστὶν ἀνταίρουσα τῷ Καναστραίῳ καὶ ποιοῦσα τὸν κόλπον. ἀπαντικρὺ δὲ τῆς Δέρρεως πρὸς ἕω τὰ ἄκρα τοῦ Ἄθω, μεταξὺ δὲ ὁ Σιγγικὸς κόλπος ἀπὸ τῆς ἐν αὐτῷ πόλεως ἀρχαίας κατεσκαμμένης Σίγγου τοὔνομα. μεθʼ ἣν Ἄκανθος ἐπὶ τῷ ἰσθμῷ τοῦ Ἄθω κειμένη πόλις, Ἀνδρίων κτίσμα, ἀφʼ ἧς συχνοὶ καὶ τὸν κόλπον Ἀκάνθιον καλοῦσι. E.
Next after Cassandria is the remaining part of the seacoast of the Toronaean Gulf, as far as Derris. It is a promontory opposite the district of Canastrum, and forms a gulf. Opposite to Derris, to the east, are the promontories of Athos; between them is the Singitic Gulf, which receives its name from an ancient city in it, Singus, now destroyed. Next is the city Acanthus, situated on the isthmus of Athos, founded by the Andrii; whence, by many, it is called the Acanthian Gulf. E.
ὅτι ἀντικρὺ Κανάστρου, ἄκρου τῆς Παλλήνης, ἡ Δέρρις ἐστὶν ἄκρα πλησίον Κωφοῦ λιμένος, καὶ ὁ Τορωναῖος κόλπος ὑπὸ τούτων ἀφορίζεται. καὶ πρὸς ἀνατολὰς αὖθις κεῖται τὸ ἄκρον τοῦ Ἄθωνος, ὃ ἀφορίζει τὸν Σιγγιτικὸν κόλπον, ὡς εἶναι ἐφεξῆς κόλπους τοῦ Αἰγαίου πελάγους πρὸς βορρᾶν, ἀλλήλων ἀπέχοντας οὕτως, Μαλιακὸν Παγασιτικὸν Θερμαῖον Τορωναῖον Σιγγιτικὸν Στρυμονικόν. τὰ δὲ ἄκρα Ποσείδιον μὲν τὸ μεταξὺ Μαλιακοῦ καὶ Παγασιτικοῦ, τὸ δὲ ἐφεξῆς πρὸς βορρᾶν Σηπιάς, εἶτα τὸ ἐν Παλλήνῃ Κάναστρον, εἶτα Δέρρις, εἶτα Νυμφαῖον ἐν τῷ Ἄθωνι πρὸς τῷ Σιγγιτικῷ, τὸ δὲ πρὸς τῷ Στρυμονικῷ Ἀκράθως ἄκρον, ὧν μεταξὺ ὁ Ἄθων, οὗ πρὸς ἀνατολὰς ἡ Λῆμνος· πρὸς δὲ βορρᾶν ἀφορίζει τὸν Στρυμονικὸν κόλπον ἡ Νεάπολις. Epit.
Opposite to Canastrum, a promontory of Pallene, is the promontory Derris, near Cophus-Limen [or Deaf Harbour]: these form the boundaries of the Toronaean Gulf. Again, towards the east lies the promontory of Athos, [Nymphaeum,] which bounds the Singitic Gulf. Then follow one another the gulfs of the Aegean Sea, towards the north, in this order: the Maliac, the Pagasitic, the Thermaean, the Toronaean, the Singitic, and the Strymonic. The promontories are these: Posidium, situated between the Maliac and Pegasitic Gulfs; next in order, towards the north, Sepias; then Canastrum in Pallene; then Derris; next Nymphaeum in Athos, on the Singitic Gulf; Acrathos, the promontory on the Strymonic Gulf; between them is Athos, to the east of which is Lemnos. Neapolis bounds the Strymonic Gulf towards the north. EPIT.
ὅτι Ἄκανθος πόλις ἐν τῷ Σιγγιτικῷ κόλπῳ ἐστὶ παράλιος πλησίον τῆς τοῦ Ξέρξου διώρυχος· ἔχει δʼ ὁ Ἄθων πέντε πόλεις, Δῖον Κλεωνὰς Θύσσον Ὀλόφυξιν Ἀκροθώους· αὕτη δὲ πρὸς τῇ κορυφῇ τοῦ Ἄθωνος κεῖται. ἔστι δʼ ὁ Ἄθων ὄρος μαστοειδὲς ὀξύτατον ὑψηλότατον· οὗ οἱ τὴν κορυφὴν οἰκοῦντες ὁρῶσι τὸν ἥλιον ἀνατέλλοντα πρὸ ὡρῶν τριῶν τῆς ἐν τῇ παραλίᾳ ἀνατολῆς. καὶ ἔστιν ἀπὸ πόλεως τῆς Ἀκάνθου ὁ περίπλους τῆς χερρονήσου ἕως Σταγείρου, πόλεως τοῦ Ἀριστοτέλους, στάδια τετρακόσια, ἐν ᾗ λιμὴν ὄνομα Κάπρος καὶ νησίον ὁμώνυμον τῷ λιμένι· εἶτα αἱ τοῦ Στρυμόνος ἐκβολαί· εἶτα Φάγρης Γαληψὸς Ἀπολλωνία, πᾶσαι πόλεις· εἶτα τὸ Νέστου στόμα τοῦ διορίζοντος Μακεδονίαν καὶ Θρᾴκην, ὡς Φίλιππος καὶ Ἀλέξανδρος ὁ τούτου παῖς διώριζον ἐν τοῖς κατʼ αὐτοὺς χρόνοις. εἰσὶ δὲ περὶ τὸν Στρυμονικὸν κόλπον πόλεις καὶ ἕτεραι, οἷον Μύρκινος Ἄργιλος Δραβῆσκος Δάτον, ὅπερ καὶ ἀρίστην ἔχει χώραν καὶ εὔκαρπον καὶ ναυπήγια καὶ χρυσοῦ μέταλλα· ἀφʼ οὗ καὶ παροιμία Δάτον ἀγαθῶν, ὡς καὶ ἀγαθῶν ἀγαθῖδας. Epit.
The city Acanthus, on the Singitic Gulf, is a maritime city near the Canal of Xerxes. There are five cities in Athos; Dium, Cleonae, Thyssos, Olophyxis, Acrothoi, which is situated near the summit of Athos. Mount Athos is pap-shaped, very pointed, and of very great height. Those who live upon the summit see the sun rise three hours before it is visible on the sea-shore. The voyage round the peninsula, from the city Acanthus to the city Stagirus, the birth-place of Aristotle, is 400 stadia. It has a harbour called Caprus, and a small island of the same name. Then follow the mouths of the Strymon; then Phagres, Galepsus, and Apollonia, all of them cities; then the mouth of the Nestus, which is the boundary of Macedonia and Thrace, as settled, in their own times, by Philip and Alexander his son. There are about the Strymonic Gulf other cities also, as Myrcinus, Argilus, Drabescus, and Datum, which has an excellent and most productive soil, dock-yards for ship-building, and gold mines; whence the proverb, A Datum of good things, like to the proverb, Piles of plenty. EPIT.
ὅτι πλεῖστα μέταλλά ἐστι χρυσοῦ ἐν ταῖς Κρηνίσιν, ὅπου νῦν οἱ Φίλιπποι πόλις ἵδρυται, πλησίον τοῦ Παγγαίου ὄρους· καὶ αὐτὸ δὲ τὸ Παγγαῖον ὄρος χρυσεῖα καὶ ἀργυρεῖα ἔχει μέταλλα καὶ ἡ πέραν καὶ ἡ ἐντὸς τοῦ Στρυμόνος ποταμοῦ μέχρι Παιονίας· φασὶ δὲ καὶ τοὺς τὴν Παιονίαν γῆν ἀροῦντας εὑρίσκειν χρυσοῦ τινα μόρια. Epit.
There are numerous gold mines among the Crenides, where the city of Philip now stands, near Mount Pangaeus. Pangaeus itself, and the country on the east of the Strymon, and on the west as far as Paeonia, contains gold and silver mines. Particles of gold, it is said, are found in Paeonia in ploughing the land. EPIT.
ἔστι δʼ ὁ Ἄθως ὄρος ὑψηλὸν καὶ μαστοειδές, ὥστε τοὺς ἐν ταῖς κορυφαῖς ἤδη ἀνίσχοντος ἡλίου κάμνειν ἀροῦντας, ἡνίκα ἀλεκτοροφωνίας ἀρχὴ παρὰ τοῖς τὴν ἀκτὴν οἰκοῦσίν ἐστιν. ἐν δὲ τῇ ἀκτῇ ταύτῃ Θάμυρις ὁ Θρᾷξ ἐβασίλευσε, τῶν αὐτῶν ἐπιτηδευμάτων γεγονὼς ὧν καὶ Ὀρφεύς. ἐνταῦθα δὲ καὶ διῶρυξ δείκνυται ἡ περὶ τὴν Ἄκανθον, καθʼ ἣν Ξέρξης τὸν Ἄθω διορύξαι λέγεται καὶ διαγαγεῖν ἐκ τοῦ Στρυμονικοῦ κόλπου διὰ τοῦ ἰσθμοῦ, δεξάμενος τὴν θάλασσαν εἰς τὴν διώρυγα. Δημήτριος δʼ ὁ Σκήψιος οὐκ οἴεται πλευσθῆναι τὴν διώρυγα ταύτην· μέχρι μὲν γὰρ δέκα σταδίων εὔγεων καὶ ὀρυκτὴν εἶναι, διορωρύχθαι δʼ ἐπὶ πλάτος πλεθριαῖον, εἶθʼ ὑψηλὸν εἶναι πλαταμῶνα σταδιαῖον σχεδόν τι τὸ μῆκος, ὅσον οὐκ ἐνὸν ἐκλατομηθῆναι διʼ ὅλου μέχρι θαλάσσης· εἰ δὲ καὶ μέχρι δεῦρο, οὔ γε καὶ κατὰ βυθοῦ ὥστε πόρον γενέσθαι πλωτόν· ὅπου Ἀλέξαρχον τὸν Ἀντιπάτρου πόλιν ὑποδείμασθαι τὴν Οὐρανόπολιν τριάκοντα σταδίων τὸν κύκλον ἔχουσαν. ᾤκησαν δὲ τὴν χερρόνησον ταύτην τῶν ἐκ Λήμνου Πελασγῶν τινες, εἰς πέντε διῃρημένοι πολίσματα, Κλεωνὰς Ὀλόφυξιν Ἀκροθώους Δῖον Θύσσον. μετὰ δὲ Ἄθω ὁ Στρυμονικὸς κόλπος μέχρι Νέστου τοῦ ποταμοῦ τοῦ ἀφορίζοντος τὴν κατὰ Φίλιππον καὶ Ἀλέξανδρον Μακεδονίαν· εἰς μέντοι τἀκριβὲς ἄκρα τίς ἐστιν ἡ ποιοῦσα τὸν κόλπον πρὸς τὸν Ἄθω, πόλιν ἐσχηκυῖα τὴν Ἀπολλωνίαν. ἐν δὲ τῷ κόλπῳ πρώτη μετὰ τὸν Ἀκανθίων λιμένα Στάγειρα, ἔρημος, καὶ αὐτὴ τῶν Χαλκιδικῶν, Ἀριστοτέλους πατρίς, καὶ λιμὴν αὐτῆς Κάπρος καὶ νησίον ὁμώνυμον τούτῳ· εἶθʼ ὁ Στρυμὼν καὶ ὁ ἀνάπλους εἰς Ἀμφίπολιν εἴκοσι σταδίων· ἔστι δʼ Ἀθηναίων κτίσμα ἐν τῷ τόπῳ ἱδρυμένον τούτῳ, ὃς καλεῖται Ἐννέα ὁδοί· εἶτα Γαληψὸς καὶ Ἀπολλωνία, κατεσκαμμέναι ὑπὸ Φιλίππου. E.
Mount Athos is pap-shaped, and so lofty that the husbandmen on the summit are already weary of their labour, the sun having long since risen to them, when to the inhabitants of the shore it is the beginning of cockcrowing. Thamyris, the Thracian, was king of this coast, and followed the same practices as Orpheus. Here also, at Acanthus, is seen the canal, which Xerxes is said to have made, and through which he is said to have brought the sea from the Strymonic Gulf, across the isthmus. Demetrius of Skepsis is of opinion that this canal was not navigable; for, says he, the ground is composed of deep earth, and admits of being dug for a distance of 10 stadia only: the canal is a plethrum in width; then follows a high, broad, and flat rock, nearly a stadium in length, which prevents excavation throughout the whole distance to the sea. And even if the work could be carried on so far across, yet it could not be continued to a sufficient depth, so as to present a navigable passage. Here Alexarchus, the son of Antipater, built the city Uranopolis, 30 stadia in circumference.
This peninsula was inhabited by Pelasgi from Lemnos; they were distributed into five small cities, Cleonae, Olophyxis, Acrothoi, Dium, Thyssos. After Athos comes the Strymonic Gulf, extending to the river Nestus, which forms the boundary of Macedonia, as settled by Philip and Alexander. Accurately speaking, there is a promontory forming a gulf with Athos, on which is the city Apollonia. First in the gulf, after the harbour of Acanthus, is Stagira, now deserted: it was one of the Chalcidic cities, and the birth-place of Aristotle. Caprus was the harbour, and there is a small island of the same name. Then comes the Strymon, and Amphipolis, at the distance of 20 stadia up the river. In this part is situated an Athenian colony, called Ennea-Odoi (the Nine-Ways). Then Galepsus and Apollonia, which were destroyed by Philip. E.
ἀπὸ Πηνειοῦ φησὶν εἰς Πύδναν σταδίους ἑκατὸν εἴκοσι. παρὰ δὲ τὴν παραλίαν τοῦ Στρυμόνος καὶ Δατηνῶν πόλις Νεάπολις καὶ αὐτὸ τὸ Δάτον, εὔκαρπα πεδία καὶ λίμνην καὶ ποταμοὺς καὶ ναυπήγια καὶ χρυσεῖα λυσιτελῆ ἔχον, ἀφʼ οὗ καὶ παροιμιάζονται Δάτον ἀγαθῶν ὡς καὶ ἀγαθῶν ἀγαθῖδας. ἔστι δʼ ἡ χώρα ἡ πρὸς τὸ Στρυμόνος πέραν, ἡ μὲν ἐπὶ τῇ θαλάττῃ καὶ τοῖς περὶ Δάτον τόποις Ὀδόμαντες καὶ Ἠδωνοὶ καὶ Βισάλται, οἵ τε αὐτόχθονες καὶ οἱ ἐκ Μακεδονίας διαβάντες, ἐν οἷς Ῥῆσος ἐβασίλευσεν. ὑπὲρ δὲ τῆς Ἀμφιπόλεως Βισάλται καὶ μέχρι πόλεως Ἡρακλείας, ἔχοντες αὐλῶνα εὔκαρπον, ὃν διαρρεῖ ὁ Στρυμὼν ὡρμημένος ἐκ τῶν περὶ Ῥοδόπην Ἀγριάνων, οἷς παράκειται τῆς Μακεδονίας ἡ Παρορβηλία, ἐν μεσογαίᾳ ἔχουσα κατὰ τὸν αὐλῶνα τὸν ἀπὸ Εἰδομένης Καλλίπολιν Ὀρθόπολιν Φιλιππούπολιν Γαρησκόν. ἐν δὲ τοῖς Βισάλταις ἀνὰ ποταμὸν ἰόντι τὸν Στρυμόνα καὶ ἡ Βέργη ἵδρυται, κώμη ἀπέχουσα Ἀμφιπόλεως περὶ διακοσίους σταδίους. ἐπὶ δὲ ἄρκτους ἰόντι ἀπὸ Ἡρακλείας καὶ τὰ στενὰ διʼ ὧν ὁ Στρυμὼν φέρεται, δεξιὸν ἔχοντι τὸν ποταμὸν ἐκ μὲν τῶν εὐωνύμων ἐστὶν ἡ Παιονία καὶ τὰ περὶ τὸν Δόβηρον καὶ τὴν Ῥοδόπην καὶ τὸν Αἷμον ὄρος, ἐν δεξιᾷ δὲ τὰ περὶ τὸν Αἷμον. ἐντὸς δὲ τοῦ Στρυμόνος πρὸς αὐτῷ μὲν τῷ ποταμῷ ἡ Σκοτοῦσσα ἔστι, πρὸς δὲ τῇ λίμνῃ τῇ Βόλβῃ Ἀρέθουσα. καὶ δὴ καὶ μάλιστα λέγονται Μυγδόνες οἱ περὶ τὴν λίμνην. οὐ μόνον δʼ ὁ Ἀξιὸς ἐκ Παιόνων ἔχει τὴν ῥύσιν, ἀλλὰ καὶ ὁ Στρυμών· ἐξ Ἀγριάνων γὰρ διὰ Μαίδων καὶ Σιντῶν εἰς τὰ μεταξὺ Βισαλτῶν καὶ Ὀδομάντων ἐκπίπτει. E.
He says, it is 120 stadia (300?) from the Peneus to Pydna. On the sea-coast of the Strymon and of the Dateni is Neapolis, and Datum also, which has fruitful plains, a lake, rivers, dockyards, and valuable gold mines. Hence the proverb, A Datum of good things, like “Piles of plenty. The country beyond the Strymon, which borders upon the sea and includes the parts about Datum, is occupied by Odomantes, Edoni, and Bisaltae, some of whom are an indigenous people, the others came from Macedonia and were under the government of Rhesus. Above Amphipolis live the Bisaltae, extending to the city Heraclea (Sintica); they occupy a fertile valley, through which passes the Strymon, which rises among the Agrianes near Rhodope. Near the Agrianes is situated Parorbelia of Macedonia. In the interior, in a valley, which commences at Idomene, are situated Callipolis, Orthopolis, Philipopolis, and Garescus. Among the Bisaltae, proceeding up the river Strymon, is situated Berga, a village, distant from Amphipolis about 200 stadia. Proceeding northwards from Heraclea, and to the narrows, through which the Strymon flows, keeping the river on the right, first on the left are Paeonia and the parts about Dobera; then on the right are the mountains Haemus and Rhodope, with the adjacent parts. On this side of the Strymon, close upon the river, is Scotussa; near the lake Bolbe is Arethusa; the inhabitants above the lake are chiefly Mygdones. Not only is the course of the Axius through Paeonia, but that of the Strymon also; for it rises among the Agrianes, passes through the territory of the Maedi and Sinti, and discharges itself between the Bisaltae and Odomantes. E.
ὅτι ὁ Στρυμὼν ποταμὸς ἄρχεται ἐκ τῶν περὶ τὴν Ῥοδόπην Ἀγριάνων. Epit.
The source of the river Strymon is among the Agrianes near Rhodope. EPIT.
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