Quintus Smyrnaeus · The Fall of Troy (Posthomerica) Τὰ μεθ' Ὅμηρον

Quintus Smyrnaeus, The Fall of Troy (Posthomerica) 1.353–493: Theano and the women of Troy

A Trojan boasts that Penthesileia will sweep the Argives from the plain, not knowing that Aias and Achilles have not yet heard of the fight. Watching from the walls, Tisiphone fires the Trojan women to arm and go out, but the aged Theano persuades them to keep back. Meanwhile Penthesileia drives the Achaeans on before her.

Lines 1.353–493 · 1513 words · click a number to copy its link
353καί τις ἐνὶ Τρώεσσιν ἀγάσσατο μακρὰ γεγηθώς, ὡς ἴδε Πενθεσίλειαν ἀνὰ στρατὸν ἀΐσσουσαν 355λαίλαπι κυανέῃ ἐναλίγκιον, ἥ τʼ ἐνὶ πόντῳ μαίνεθʼ, ὅτʼ αἰγοκερῆι συνέρχεται ἠελίου ἴς· καί ῥʼ ὅ γε μαψιδίῃσιν ἐπʼ ἐλπωρῇσιν ἔειπεν· ὦ φίλοι, ὡς ἀναφανδὸν ἀπʼ οὐρανοῦ εἰλήλουθε σήμερον ἀθανάτων τις, ἵνʼ Ἀργείοισι μάχηται 360ἡμῖν ἦρα φέρουσα Διὸς κρατερόφρονι βουλῇ, ὃς τάχα που μέμνηται ἐϋσθενέος Πριάμοιο, ὅς ῥά οἱ εὔχεται εἶναι ἀφʼ αἵματος ἀθανάτοιο. οὐ γὰρ τήνδε γυναῖκά γʼ ὀΐομαι εἰσοράασθαι αὕτως θαρσαλέην τε καὶ ἀγλαὰ τεύχἐ ἔχουσαν, 365ἀλλʼ ἄρʼ Ἀθηναίην ἢ καρτερόθυμον Ἐνυὼ ἢ Ἔριδʼ ἢ κλειτὴν Λητωίδα· καί μιν ὀΐω σήμερον Ἀργείοισι φόνον στονόεντα βαλέσθαι νῆάς τʼ ἐμπρήσειν ὀλοῷ πυρί, τῇσι πάροιθεν ἤλυθον ἐς Τροίην νῶιν κακὰ πολλὰ φέροντες, 370ἤλυθον ἄσχετον ἄμμιν ὑπʼ Ἄρεϊ πῆμα φέροντες·

Then one exulting boasted mid the host
Of Troy, beholding Penthesileia rush
On through the foes’ array, like the black storm
That maddens o’er the sea, what time the sun
Allies his might with winter’s Goat-horned Star;
And thus, puffed up with vain hope, shouted he:
“O friends, in manifest presence down from heaven
One of the deathless Gods this day hath come
To fight the Argives, all of love for us,
Yea, and with sanction of almighty Zeus,
He whose compassion now remembereth
Haply strong-hearted Priam, who may boast
For his a lineage of immortal blood.
For this, I trow, no mortal woman seems,
Who is so aweless-daring, who is clad
In splendour-flashing arms: nay, surely she
Shall be Athene, or the mighty-souled
Enyo—haply Eris, or the Child
Of Leto world-renowned. O yea, I look
To see her hurl amid yon Argive men
Mad-shrieking slaughter, see her set aflame
Yon ships wherein they came long years agone
Bringing us many sorrows, yea, they came
Bringing us woes of war intolerable.
Ha! to the home-land Hellas ne’er shall these
With joy return, since Gods on our side fight.”

371ἀλλʼ οὐ μὰν παλίνορσοι ἐς Ἑλλάδα νοστήσαντες πάτρην εὐφρανέουσιν, ἐπεὶ θεὸς ἄμμιν ἀρήγει. ὣς ἄρʼ ἔφη Τρώων τις ἐνὶ φρεσὶ πάγχυ γεγηθώς, νήπιος· οὐδʼ ἄρʼ ἐφράσσατʼ ἐπεσσύμενον βαρὺ πῆμα 375οἷ αὐτῷ καὶ Τρωσὶ καὶ αὐτῇ Πενθεσιλείῃ. οὐ γάρ πώ τι μόθοιο δυσηχέος ἀμφιπέπυστο Αἴας ὀβριμόθυμος ἰδὲ πτολίπορθος Ἀχιλλεύς, ἀλλʼ ἄμφω περὶ σῆμα Μενοιτιάδαο κέχυντο μνησάμενοι ἑτάροιο· γόος δʼ ἔχεν ἄλλυδις ἄλλον. 380τοὺς γὰρ δὴ μακάρων τις ἐρήτυε νόσφι κυδοιμοῦ, ὄφρʼ ἀλεγεινὸν ὄλεθρον ἀναπλήσωσι δαμέντες πολλοὶ ὑπὸ Τρώεσσι καὶ ἐσθλῇ Πενθεσιλείῃ, ἥ σφιν ἐπασσυτέροις κακὰ μήδετο, καί οἱ ἄεξεν ἀλκὴ ὁμῶς καὶ θάρσος ἐπὶ πλέον, οὐδέ ποτʼ αἰχμὴν 385μαψιδίην ἴθυνεν, ἀεὶ δʼ ἢ νῶτα δάϊζε φευγόντων ἢ στέρνα καταντίον ἀϊσσόντων· θερμῷ δʼ αἵματι πάμπαν ἐδεύετο, γυῖα δʼ ἐλαφρὰ ἔπλετʼ ἐπεσσυμένης· κάματος δʼ οὐ δάμνατο θυμὸν ἄτρομον, ἀλλʼ ἀδάμαντος ἔχεν μένος· εἰσέτι γάρ μιν, οὔπω ἐπὶ κλόνον αἰνὸν ἐποτρύνουσʼ Ἀχιλῆα, 390αἶσα λυγρὴ κύδαινεν, ἀπόπροθι δʼ ἑστηυῖα χάρμης κυδιάασκεν ὀλέθριον, οὕνεκʼ ἔμελλε κούρην οὐ μετὰ δηρὸν ὑπʼ Αἰακίδαο χέρεσσι δάμνασθʼ· ἀμφὶ δέ μιν ζόφος ἔκρυφε· τὴν δʼ ὀρόθυνεν αἰὲν ἄϊστος ἐοῦσα καὶ ἐς κακὸν ἦγεν ὄλεθρον 395ὕστατα κυδαίνουσʼ· ἡ δʼ ἄλλοθεν ἄλλον ἔναιρεν, ὡς δʼ ὁπόθʼ ἑρσήεντος ἔσω κήποιο θοροῦσα ποίης ἐλδομένη θυμηδέος εἴαρι πόρτις ἀνέρος οὐ παρεόντος ἐπέσσυται ἄλλοθεν ἄλλῃ σινομένη φυτὰ πάντα νέον μάλα τηλεθόωντα, 400καὶ τὰ μὲν ἂρ κατέδαψε, τὰ δʼ ἐν ποσὶν ἠμάλδυνεν· ὣς ἄρʼ Ἀχαιῶν υἷας ἐπεσσυμένη καθʼ ὅμιλον κούρη Ἐνυαλίη τοὺς μὲν κτάνε, τοὺς δʼ ἐφόβησε.

In overweening exultation so
Vaunted a Trojan. Fool!—he had no vision
Of ruin onward rushing upon himself
And Troy, and Penthesileia’s self withal.
For not as yet had any tidings come
Of that wild fray to Aias stormy-souled,
Nor to Achilles, waster of tower and town.
But on the grave-mound of Menoetius’ son
They twain were lying, with sad memories
Of a dear comrade crushed, and echoing
Each one the other’s groaning. One it was
Of the Blest Gods who still was holding back
These from the battle-tumult far away,
Till many Greeks should fill the measure up
Of woeful havoc, slain by Trojan foes
And glorious Penthesileia, who pursued
With murderous intent their rifled ranks,
While ever waxed her valour more and more,
And waxed her might within her: never in vain
She aimed the unswerving spear-thrust: aye she pierced
The backs of them that fled, the breasts of such
As charged to meet her. All the long shaft dripped
With steaming blood. Swift were her feet as wind
As down she swooped. Her aweless spirit failed
For weariness nor fainted, but her might
Was adamantine. The impending Doom,
Which roused unto the terrible strife not yet
Achilles, clothed her still with glory; still
Aloof the dread Power stood, and still would shed
Splendour of triumph o’er the death-ordained
But for a little space, ere it should quell
That Maiden ‘neath the hands of Aeaeus’ son.
In darkness ambushed, with invisible hand
Ever it thrust her on, and drew her feet
Destruction-ward, and lit her path to death
With glory, while she slew foe after foe.
As when within a dewy garden-close,
Longing for its green springtide freshness, leaps
A heifer, and there rangeth to and fro,
When none is by to stay her, treading down
All its green herbs, and all its wealth of bloom,
Devouring greedily this, and marring that
With trampling feet; so ranged she, Ares’ child,
Through reeling squadrons of Achaea’s sons,
Slew these, and hunted those in panic rout.

403Τρωιάδες δʼ ἀπάνευθεν ἀρήια ἔργα γυναικὸς θαύμαζον, πολέμοιο δʼ ἔρως λάβεν ἱπποδάμοιο 405Ἀντιμάχοιο θύγατρα Μενεπτολέμοιο δʼ ἄκοιτιν Τισιφόνην· κρατερῇσι δʼ ὑπὸ φρεσὶν ἐμμεμαυῖα θαρσαλέον φάτο μῦθον ὁμήλικας ὀτρύνουσα δῆριν ἐπὶ στονόεσσαν· ἔγειρε δέ οἱ θράσος ἀλκήν· ὦ φίλαι, ἄλκιμον ἦτορ ἐνὶ στέρνοισι λαβοῦσαι 410ἀνδράσιν ἡμετέροισιν ὁμοίιον, οἳ περὶ πάτρης δυσμενέσιν μάρνανται ὑπὲρ τεκέων τε καὶ ἡμέων, οὔποτʼ ἀναπνείοντες ὀϊζύος—ἀλλὰ καὶ αὐταὶ παρθέμεναι φρεσὶ θυμὸν ἴσης μνησώμεθα χάρμης· οὐ γὰρ ἀπόπροθέν εἰμεν ἐϋσθενέων αἰζηῶν, 415ἀλλʼ οἷον κείνοισι πέλει μένος ἔστι καὶ ἡμῖν· ἶσοι δʼ ὀφθαλμοὶ καὶ γούνατα, πάντα δʼ ὁμοῖα, ξυνὸν δʼ αὖ πάντεσσι φάος καὶ νήχυτος ἀήρ, φορβὴ δʼ οὐχ ἑτέρη· δί δʼ ἐπʼ ἀνδράσι λώιον ἄλλο θῆκε θεός; τῷ μή τι φεβώμεθα δηιοτῆτα. 420ἢ οὐχ ὁράατε γυναῖκα μέγʼ αἰζηῶν προφέρουσαν ἀγχεμάχων; τῆς δʼ οὔτι πέλει σχεδὸν οὔτε γενέθλη οὔτʼ ἄρʼ ἑὸν πτολίεθρον, ὑπὲρ ξείνοιο δʼ ἄνακτος μάρναται ἐκ θυμοῖο καὶ οὐκ ἐμπάζεται ἀνδρῶν ἐνθεμένη φρεσὶ θάρσος ἀταρτηρόν τε νόημα· 425ἡμῖν δʼ ἄλλοθεν ἄλλα παραὶ ποσὶν ἄλγεα κεῖται· τῇς μὲν γὰρ φίλα τέκνα καὶ ἀνέρες ἀμφὶ πόληι ὤλλυνθʼ, αἱ δὲ τοκῆας ὀδυρόμεθʼ οὐκέτʼ ἐόντας· ἄλλαι δʼ αὖτʼ ἀκάχηνται ἀδελφειῶν ἐπʼ ὀλέθρῳ καὶ πηῶν· οὐ γάρ τις ὀϊζυρῆς κακότητος 430ἄμμορος· ἐλπωρὴ δὲ πέλει καὶ δούλιον ἦμαρ εἰσιδέειν· τῷ μή τις ἔτʼ ἀμβολίη πολέμοιο εἴη τειρομένῃσιν· ἔοικε γὰρ ἐν δαῒ μᾶλλον τεθνάμεν ἢ μετόπισθεν ὑπʼ ἀλλοδαποῖσιν ἄγεσθαι νηπιάχοις ἅμα παισὶν ἀνιηρῇ ὑπʼ ἀνάγκῃ 435ἄστεος αἰθομένοιο καὶ ἀνδρῶν οὐκέτʼ ἐόντων.

From Troy afar the women marvelling gazed
At the Maid’s battle-prowess. Suddenly
A fiery passion for the fray hath seized
Antimachus’ daughter, Meneptolemus’ wife,
Tisiphone. Her heart waxed strong, and filled
With lust of fight she cried to her fellows all,
With desperate-daring words, to spur them on
To woeful war, by recklessness made strong.
“Friends, let a heart of valour in our breasts
Awake! Let us be like our lords, who fight
With foes for fatherland, for babes, for us,
And never pause for breath in that stern strife!
Let us too throne war’s spirit in our hearts!
Let us too face the fight which favoureth none!
For we, we women, be not creatures cast
In diverse mould from men: to us is given
Such energy of life as stirs in them.
Eyes have we like to theirs, and limbs: throughout
Fashioned we are alike: one common light
We look on, and one common air we breathe:
With like food are we nourished—nay, wherein
Have we been dowered of God more niggardly
Than men? Then let us shrink not from the fray
See ye not yonder a woman far excelling
Men in the grapple of fight? Yet is her blood
Nowise akin to ours, nor fighteth she
For her own city. For an alien king
She warreth of her own heart’s prompting, fears
The face of no man; for her soul is thrilled
With valour and with spirit invincible.
But we—to right, to left, lie woes on woes
About our feet: this mourns beloved sons,
And that a husband who for hearth and home
Hath died; some wail for fathers now no more;
Some grieve for brethren and for kinsmen lost.
Not one but hath some share in sorrow’s cup.
Behind all this a fearful shadow looms,
The day of bondage! Therefore flinch not ye
From war, O sorrow-laden! Better far
To die in battle now, than afterwards
Hence to be haled into captivity
To alien folk, we and our little ones,
In the stern grip of fate leaving behind
A burning city, and our husbands’ graves.”

436ὣς ἄρʼ ἔθη· πάσῃσι δʼ ἔρως στυγεροῖο μόθοιο ἔμπεσεν· ἐσσυμένως δὲ πρὸ τείχεος ὁρμαίνεσκον βήμεναι ἐν τεύχεσσιν ἀρηγέμεναι μεμαυῖαι ἄστεϊ καὶ λαοῖσιν· ὀρίνετο δέ σφισι θυμός. 440ὡς δʼ ὅτʼ ἔσω σίμβλοιο μέγʼ ἰύζωσι μέλισσαι χείματος οὐκέτʼ ἐόντος, ὅτʼ ἐς νομὸν ἐντύνονται ἐλθέμεν, οὐδʼ ἄρα τῇσι φίλον πέλει ἔνδοθι μίμνειν, ἄλλη δʼ αὖθʼ ἑτέρην προκαλίζεται ἐκτὸς ἄγεσθαι· ὣς ἄρα Τρωιάδες ποτὶ φύλοπιν ἐγκονέουσαι 445ἀλλήλας ὤτρυνον· ἀπόπροθι δʼ εἴρια θέντο καὶ ταλάρους, ἀλεγεινὰ δʼ ἐπʼ ἔντεα χεῖρας ἴαλλον. καί νύ κεν ἄστεος ἐκτὸς ἅμα σφετέροισιν ὄλοντο ἀνδράσι καὶ σθεναρῇσιν Ἀμαζόσιν ἐν δαῒ κείνῃ, εἰ μή σφεας κατέρυξε πύκα φρονέουσα Θεανὼ 450ἐσσυμένας πινυτοῖσι παραυδήσασʼ ἐπέεσσι· τίπτε ποτὶ κλόνον αἰνὸν ἐελδόμεναι πονέεσθαι, σχέτλιαι, οὔτι πάροιθε πονησάμεναι περὶ χάρμης, ἀλλʼ ἄρα νηίδες ἔργον ἐπʼ ἄτλητον μεμαυῖαι ὄρνυσθʼ ἀφραδέως; οὐ γὰρ σθένος ἔσσεται ἶσον 455ἡμῖν καὶ Δαναοῖσιν ἐπισταμένοισι μάχεσθαι. αὐτὰρ Ἀμαζόσι δῆρις ἀμείλιχος ἱππασίαι τε εὔαδον ἐξ ἀρχῆς καὶ ὅσʼ ἀνέρες ἔργα μέλονται· τοὔνεκʼ ἄρα σφίσι θυμὸς ἀρήιος αἰὲν ὄρωρεν, οὐδʼ ἀνδρῶν δεύονται, ἐπεὶ πόνος ἐς μέγα κάρτος 460θυμὸν ἀνηέξησε καὶ ἄτρομα γούνατʼ ἔθηκε. τὴν δὲ φάτις καὶ Ἄρηος ἔμεν κρατεροῖο θύγατρα· τῷ οἱ θηλυτέρην τινʼ ἐριζέμεν οὔτι ἔοικεν· ἠὲ τάχʼ ἀθανάτων τις ἐπήλυθεν εὐχομένοισιν. πᾶσι δʼ ἄρʼ ἀνθρώποισιν ὁμὸν γένος, ἀλλʼ ἐπὶ ἔργα 465στρωφῶντʼ ἄλλος ἐπʼ ἄλλα· πέλει δʼ ἄρα κεῖνο φέριστον ἔργον, ὅ τι φρεσὶν ᾖσιν ἐπιστάμενος πονέηται· τοὔνεκα δηιοτῆτος ἀποσχόμεναι κελαδεινῆς ἱστὸν ἐπεντύνεσθε φίλων ἔντοσθε μελάθρων. ἁνδράσι δʼ ἡμετέροισι περὶ πτολέμοιο μελήσει. 470ἐλπωρὴ δʼ ἀγαθοῖο τάχʼ ἔσσεται, οὕνεκʼ Ἀχαιοὺς δερκόμεθʼ ὀλλυμένους, μέγα δὲ κράτος ὄρνυται ἀνδρῶν ἡμετέρων· οὐδʼ ἔστι κακοῦ δέος· οὔτι γὰρ ἄστυ δήιοι ἀμφὶς ἔχουσιν ἀνηλέες, οὔτʼ ἀλεγεινὴ γίνετʼ ἀναγκαίη καὶ θηλυτέρῃσι μάχεσθαι.

So cried she, and with passion for stern war
Thrilled all those women; and with eager speed
They hasted to go forth without the wall
Mail-clad, afire to battle for their town
And people: all their spirit was aflame.
As when within a hive, when winter-tide
Is over and gone, loud hum the swarming bees
What time they make them ready forth to fare
To bright flower-pastures, and no more endure
To linger therewithin, but each to other
Crieth the challenge-cry to sally forth;
Even so bestirred themselves the women of Troy,
And kindled each her sister to the fray.
The weaving-wool, the distaff far they flung,
And to grim weapons stretched their eager hands.

And now without the city these had died
In that wild battle, as their husbands died
And the strong Amazons died, had not one voice
Of wisdom cried to stay their maddened feet,
When with dissuading words Theano spake:
“Wherefore, ah wherefore for the toil and strain
Of battle’s fearful tumult do ye yearn,
Infatuate ones? Never your limbs have toiled
In conflict yet. In utter ignorance
Panting for labour unendurable,
Ye rush on all-unthinking; for your strength
Can never be as that of Danaan men,
Men trained in daily battle. Amazons
Have joyed in ruthless fight, in charging steeds,
From the beginning: all the toil of men
Do they endure; and therefore evermore
The spirit of the War-god thrills them through.
‘They fall not short of men in anything:
Their labour-hardened frames make great their hearts
For all achievement: never faint their knees
Nor tremble. Rumour speaks their queen to be
A daughter of the mighty Lord of War.
Therefore no woman may compare with her
In prowess—if she be a woman, not
A God come down in answer to our prayers.
Yea, of one blood be all the race of men,
Yet unto diverse labours still they turn;
And that for each is evermore the best
Whereto he bringeth skill of use and wont.
Therefore do ye from tumult of the fray
Hold you aloof, and in your women’s bowers
Before the loom still pace ye to and fro;
And war shall be the business of our lords.
Lo, of fair issue is there hope: we see
The Achaeans falling fast: we see the might
Of our men waxing ever: fear is none
Of evil issue now: the pitiless foe
Beleaguer not the town: no desperate need
There is that women should go forth to war.”

475ὣς φάτο· ταὶ δʼ ἐπίθοντο παλαιοτέρῃ περ ἐούσῃ, ὑσμίνην δʼ ἀπάνευθεν ἐσέδρακον, ἡ δʼ ἔτι λαοὺς δάμνατο Πενθεσίλεια, περιτρομέοντο δʼ Ἀχαιοί, οὐδέ σφιν θανάτοιο πέλε στονόεντος ἄλυξις· ἀλλʼ ἅτε μηκάδες αἶγες ὑπὸ βλοσυρῇσι γένυσσι 480πορδάλιος κτείνοντο, ποθὴ δʼ ἔχεν οὐκέτι χάρμης ἀνέρας ἀλλὰ φόβοιο, καὶ ἄλλυδις ἤιον ἄλλοι οἱ μὲν ἀπορρίψαντες ἐπὶ χθόνα τεύχἐ ἀπʼ ὤμων, οἱ δʼ ἄρα σὺν τεύχεσσι, καὶ ἡνιόχων ἀπάνευθεν ἵπποι ἴσαν φεύγοντες· ἐπεσσυμένοις δʼ ἄρα χάρμα 485ἔπλετʼ, ἀπολλυμένων δὲ πολὺς στόνος· οὐδέ τις ἀλκὴ γίνετο τειρομένοισι· μινυνθάδιοι δὲ πέλοντο πάντες, ὅσους ἐκίχανεν ἀνὰ κρυερὸν στόμα χάρμης. ὡς δʼ ὅτʼ ἐπιβρίσασα μέγα στονόεσσα θύελλα ἄλλα μὲν ἐκ ῥιζέων χαμάδις βάλε δένδρεα μακρὰ 490ἄνθεσι τηλεθόωντα, τὰ δʼ ἐκ πρέμνοιο κέδασσεν ὑψόθεν, ἀλλήλοισι δʼ ἐπὶ κλασθέντα κέχυνται· ὣς Δαναῶν κέκλιντο πολὺς στρατὸς ἐν κονίῃσι Μοιράων ἰότητι καὶ ἔγχεϊ Πενθεσιλείης.

So cried she, and they hearkened to the words
Of her who had garnered wisdom from the years;
So from afar they watched the fight. But still
Penthesileia brake the ranks, and still
Before her quailed the Achaeans: still they found
Nor screen nor hiding-place from imminent death.
As bleating goats are by the blood-stained jaws
Of a grim panther torn, so slain were they.
In each man’s heart all lust of battle died,
And fear alone lived. This way, that way fled
The panic-stricken: some to earth had flung
The armour from their shoulders; some in dust
Grovelled in terror ‘neath their shields: the steeds
Fled through the rout unreined of charioteers.
In rapture of triumph charged the Amazons,
With groan and scream of agony died the Greeks.
Withered their manhood was in that sore strait;
Brief was the span of all whom that fierce maid
Mid the grim jaws of battle overtook.
As when with mighty roaring bursteth down
A storm upon the forest-trees, and some
Uprendeth by the roots, and on the earth
Dashes them down, the tail stems blossom-crowned,
And snappeth some athwart the trunk, and high
Whirls them through air, till all confused they lie
A ruin of splintered stems and shattered sprays;
So the great Danaan host lay, dashed to dust
By doom of Fate, by Penthesileia’s spear.

People and places in this passage

English translation by A. S. Way (1913). Original text: Arnold Zimmermann (ed.), Quinti Smyrnaei Posthomericorum libri XIV, Leipzig: Teubner, 1891 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library, Greek text); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.