Euripides · Children of Heracles Ἡρακλεῖδαι

Euripides, Children of Heracles 474–538: Second episode: Macaria offers her life

Macaria, the daughter of Heracles, comes out and says that she has heard their grief and asks to know what troubles them. Iolaus tells her of the oracle, and she answers that she will give her own life, of her own free will, for her brothers, for Iolaus and for the city, and says that it would be shameful to be saved while the others die. The Chorus praises her brave words.

Lines 474–538 · 553 words · click a number to copy its link
Μακαρία 474ξένοι, θράσος μοι μηδὲν ἐξόδοις ἐμαῖς 475προσθῆτε· πρῶτον γὰρ τόδʼ ἐξαιτήσομαι· γυναικὶ γὰρ σιγή τε καὶ τὸ σωφρονεῖν κάλλιστον, εἴσω θʼ ἥσυχον μένειν δόμων. τῶν σῶν δʼ ἀκούσασʼ, Ἰόλεως, στεναγμάτων ἐξῆλθον, οὐ ταχθεῖσα πρεσβεύειν γένους. 480ἀλλʼ, εἰμὶ γάρ πως πρόσφορος, μέλει δέ μοι μάλιστ’ ἀδελφῶν, τῶνδε κἀμαυτῆς πέρι θέλω πυθέσθαι, μὴ ’πὶ τοῖς πάλαι κακοῖς προσκείμενόν τι πῆμα σὴν δάκνει φρένα. Ἰόλαος ὦ παῖ, μάλιστα σʼ οὐ νεωστὶ δὴ τέκνων 485τῶν Ἡρακλείων ἐνδίκως αἰνεῖν ἔχω. ἡμῖν δὲ δόξας εὖ προχωρῆσαι δρόμος πάλιν μεθέστηκʼ αὖθις ἐς τἀμήχανον· χρησμῶν γὰρ ᾠδούς φησι σημαίνειν ὅδε, οὐ ταῦρον οὐδὲ μόσχον, ἀλλὰ παρθένον 490σφάξαι Κόρῃ Δήμητρος ἥτις εὐγενής, εἰ χρὴ μὲν ἡμᾶς, χρὴ δὲ τήνδʼ εἶναι πόλιν. ταῦτʼ οὖν ἀμηχανοῦμεν· οὔτε γὰρ τέκνα σφάξειν ὅδʼ αὑτοῦ φησιν οὔτʼ ἄλλου τινός. κἀμοὶ λέγει μὲν οὐ σαφῶς, λέγει δέ πως, 495εἰ μή τι τούτων ἐξαμηχανήσομεν, ἡμᾶς μὲν ἄλλην γαῖαν εὑρίσκειν τινά, αὐτὸς δὲ σῶσαι τήνδε βούλεται χθόνα. Μακαρία ἐν τῷδε κἀχόμεσθα σωθῆναι λόγῳ; Ἰόλαος ἐν τῷδε, τἄλλα γʼ εὐτυχῶς πεπραγότες. Μακαρία 500μή νυν τρέσῃς ἔτʼ ἐχθρὸν Ἀργεῖον δόρυ· ἐγὼ γὰρ αὐτὴ πρὶν κελευσθῆναι, γέρον, θνῄσκειν ἑτοίμη καὶ παρίστασθαι σφαγῇ. τί φήσομεν γάρ, εἰ πόλις μὲν ἀξιοῖ κίνδυνον ἡμῶν οὕνεκʼ αἴρεσθαι μέγαν, 505αὐτοὶ δὲ προστιθέντες ἄλλοισιν πόνους, παρόν σφε σῷσαι, φευξόμεσθα μὴ θανεῖν; οὐ δῆτʼ, ἐπεί τοι καὶ γέλωτος ἄξια, στένειν μὲν ἱκέτας δαιμόνων καθημένους, πατρὸς δʼ ἐκείνου φύντας οὗ πεφύκαμεν 510κακοὺς ὁρᾶσθαι· ποῦ τάδʼ ἐν χρηστοῖς πρέπει; κάλλιον, οἶμαι, τῆσδʼ — ἃ μὴ τύχοι ποτέ — πόλεως ἁλούσης, χεῖρας εἰς ἐχθρῶν πεσεῖν, κἄπειτα τινὰ πατρὸς οὖσαν εὐγενοῦς παθοῦσαν Ἅιδην μηδὲν ἧσσον εἰσιδεῖν. 515ἀλλʼ ἐκπεσοῦσα τῆσδʼ ἀλητεύσω χθονός; κοὐκ αἰσχυνοῦμαι δῆτ’, ἐὰν δή τις λέγῃ· Τί δεῦρʼ ἀφίκεσθʼ ἱκεσίοισι σὺν κλάδοις αὐτοὶ φιλοψυχοῦντες; ἔξιτε χθονός· κακοὺς γὰρ ἡμεῖς οὐ προσωφελήσομεν.

Macaria Sirs, impute not boldness to me, because I venture forth; this shall be my first request, for a woman’s fairest crown is this, to practise silence and discretion, and abide at home in peace. But when I heard thy lamentations, Iolaus, I came forth, albeit I was not appointed to take the lead in my family. Still in some sense am I fit to do so, for these my brothers are my chiefest care, and I fain would ask, as touching myself, whether some new trouble, added to the former woes, is gnawing at thy heart.

Iolaus My daughter, ’tis nothing new that I should praise thee, as I justly may, above all the children of Heracles. Our house seemed to be prospering, when back it fell again into a hopeless state; for the king declares the prophets signify that he must order the sacrifice, not of bull or heifer, but of some tender maid of noble lineage, if we and this city are to exist. Herein is our perplexity; the king refuses either to sacrifice his own or any other’s child. Wherefore, though he use not terms express, yet doth he hint, that, unless we find some way out of this perplexity, we must seek some other land, for he this country fain would save.

Macaria Are these indeed the terms on which our safety depends?

Iolaus Yea, on these; if, that is, we are successful otherwise.

Macaria No longer then cower before the hated Argive spear; for I, of my own free will, or ever they bid me, am ready to die and offer myself as a victim. For what excuse have we, if, while this city deems it right to incur a great danger on our behalf, we, though we might save ourselves, fly from death, by foisting our trouble on others? No! indeed, ’twere surely most ridiculous to sit and mourn as suppliants of the gods, and show ourselves but cowards, children as we are of that illustrious sire. Where among the brave is such conduct seen? Better, I suppose, this city should be taken and I (which Heaven forefend!) fall into the hands of the enemy, and then, for all I am my noble father’s child, meet an awful doom, and face the Death-god none the less. Shall I wander as an exile from this land? Shall I not feel shame then, when someone says, as say they will, Why are ye come hither with suppliant boughs, loving your lives too well? Begone from our land! for we will not succour cowards.

Μακαρία 520ἀλλʼ οὐδὲ μέντοι, τῶνδε μὲν τεθνηκότων, αὐτὴ δὲ σωθεῖσʼ, ἐλπίδʼ εὖ πράξειν ἔχω· — πολλοὶ γὰρ ἤδη τῇδε προύδοσαν φίλους. — τίς γὰρ κόρην ἔρημον ἢ δάμαρτʼ ἔχειν, ἢ παιδοποιεῖν ἐξ ἐμοῦ βουλήσεται; 525οὐκ οὖν θανεῖν ἄμεινον ἢ τούτων τυχεῖν ἀναξίαν; ἄλλῃ δὲ κἂν πρέποι τινὶ μᾶλλον τάδʼ, ἥτις μὴ ’πίσημος ὡς ἐγώ. ἡγεῖσθʼ ὅπου δεῖ σῶμα κατθανεῖν τόδε καὶ στεμματοῦτε καὶ κατάρχεσθʼ, εἰ δοκεῖ· 530νικᾶτε δʼ ἐχθρούς· ἥδε γὰρ ψυχὴ πάρα ἑκοῦσα κοὐκ ἄκουσα· κἀξαγγέλλομαι θνῄσκειν ἀδελφῶν τῶνδε κἀμαυτῆς ὕπερ. εὕρημα γάρ τοι μὴ φιλοψυχοῦσʼ ἐγὼ κάλλιστον ηὕρηκ’, εὐκλεῶς λιπεῖν βίον. Χορός 535φεῦ φεῦ, τί λέξω παρθένου μέγαν λόγον κλύων, ἀδελφῶν ἣ πάρος θέλει θανεῖν; τούτων τίς ἂν λέξειε γενναίους λόγους μᾶλλον, τίς ἂν δράσειεν ἀνθρώπων ἔτι;

Macaria Nay, if these be slain and I alone be saved, I have no hope in any wise of being happy, though many ere now have in this hope betrayed their friends. For who will care to wed a lonely maid or make me mother of his children? ’Tis better I should die than meet such treatment, Conduct me to the scene of death, then be victorious o’er the foe, for here I offer my life freely and without constraint, and for my brothers and myself I undertake to die.

Chorus Ah, what shall I say on hearing the maid’s brave words, she that is ready to die for her brothers? Who can speak more noble words or do more noble deeds henceforth for ever?

People and places in this passage

English translation by Edward P. Coleridge (1891). Original text: Greek text: Gilbert Murray (ed.), Euripidis Fabulae, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1902, as digitised by Perseus. English: Edward P. Coleridge, The Plays of Euripides, London: George Bell and Sons, first published 1891 (Bohn's Classical Library; the Perseus header records a later printing).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.