Aristophanes · Birds Ὄρνιθες

Aristophanes, Birds 589–627: Agon: what the birds can give to men

Peisthetaerus lists the gifts that the birds can give to mortals: wealth, since the birds know where treasure is buried, safe voyages by their weather signs, and health, which follows wealth. They can also add years to men's lives, because the crow lives five generations of men. The Chorus decide that the birds are fitter to reign than the gods and need no temples of marble, only an olive or an arbutus tree.

Lines 589–627 · 449 words · click a number to copy its link
Πισθέταιρος 589ἀλλὰ γλαυκῶν λόχος εἷς αὐτοὺς καὶ κερχνῄδων ἐπιτρίψει. 590εἶθʼ οἱ κνῖπες καὶ ψῆνες ἀεὶ τὰς συκᾶς οὐ κατέδονται, ἀλλʼ ἀναλέξει πάντας καθαρῶς αὐτοὺς ἀγέλη μία κιχλῶν. Ἔποψ πλουτεῖν δὲ πόθεν δώσομεν αὐτοῖς; καὶ γὰρ τούτου σφόδρʼ ἐρῶσιν. Πισθέταιρος τὰ μέταλλʼ αὐτοῖς μαντευομένοις οὗτοι δώσουσι τὰ χρηστά, τάς τʼ ἐμπορίας τὰς κερδαλέας πρὸς τὸν μάντιν κατεροῦσιν, 595ὥστʼ ἀπολεῖται τῶν ναυκλήρων οὐδείς. Ἔποψ πῶς οὐκ ἀπολεῖται; Πισθέταιρος προερεῖ τις ἀεὶ τῶν ὀρνίθων μαντευομένῳ περὶ τοῦ πλοῦ· νυνὶ μὴ πλεῖ, χειμὼν ἔσται· νυνὶ πλεῖ, κέρδος ἐπέσται. Ἐυελπίδης γαῦλον κτῶμαι καὶ ναυκληρῶ, κοὐκ ἂν μείναιμι παρʼ ὑμῖν. Πισθέταιρος τοὺς θησαυρούς τʼ αὐτοῖς δείξουσʼ οὓς οἱ πρότεροι κατέθεντο 600τῶν ἀργυρίων· οὗτοι γὰρ ἴσασι· λέγουσι δέ τοι τάδε πάντες, οὐδεὶς οἶδεν τὸν θησαυρὸν τὸν ἐμὸν πλὴν εἴ τις ἄρʼ ὄρνις. Ἐυελπίδης πωλῶ γαῦλον, κτῶμαι σμινύην, καὶ τὰς ὑδρίας ἀνορύττω. Ἔποψ πῶς δʼ ὑγιείαν δώσουσʼ αὐτοῖς, οὖσαν παρὰ τοῖσι θεοῖσιν; Πισθέταιρος ἢν εὖ πράττωσʼ, οὐχ ὑγιεία μεγάλη τοῦτʼ ἐστί; σάφʼ ἴσθι, 605ὡς ἄνθρωπός γε κακῶς πράττων ἀτεχνῶς οὐδεὶς ὑγιαίνει. Ἔποψ πῶς δʼ ἐς γῆράς ποτʼ ἀφίξονται; καὶ γὰρ τοῦτʼ ἔστʼ ἐν Ὀλύμπῳ· ἢ παιδάριʼ ὄντʼ ἀποθνῄσκειν δεῖ; Πισθέταιρος μὰ Δίʼ ἀλλὰ τριακόσιʼ αὐτοῖς

PEISTHETAERUS But how shall we furnish the people with wealth? It is wealth that they mostly desire. Choice blessings and rare ye shall give them whene’er they come to your shrine to inquire. To the seer ye shall tell when ’tis lucky and well for a merchant to sail o’er the seas, So that never a skipper again shall be lost.

CHORUS What, “never”? Explain if you please. Are they seeking to know when a voyage to go? The Birds shall give answers to guide them. Now stick to the land, there’s a tempest at hand! Now sail! and good luck shall betide them. A galley for me; I am off to the sea! No longer with you will I stay. The treasures of silver long since in the earth by their forefathers hidden away To men ye shall show, for the secret ye know. How often a man will declare, There is no one who knows where my treasures repose, if it be not a bird of the air. My galley may go; I will buy me a hoe, and dig for the crock and the casket. But Health, I opine, is a blessing divine; can we give it to men if they ask it? If they’ve plenty of wealth, they’ll have plenty of health; ye may rest quite assured that they will. Did you ever hear tell of a man that was well, when faring remarkably ill? Long life ’tis Olympus alone can bestow; so can men live as long as before? Must they die in their youth?

PEISTHETAERUS Die? No! why in truth their lives by three hundred or more

Πισθέταιρος 608ἔτι προσθήσουσʼ ὄρνιθες ἔτη. Ἔποψ παρὰ τοῦ; Πισθέταιρος παρʼ ὅτου; παρʼ ἑαυτῶν. οὐκ οἶσθʼ ὅτι πέντʼ ἀνδρῶν γενεὰς ζώει λακέρυζα κορώνη; Ἐυελπίδης 610αἰβοῖ πολλῷ κρείττους οὗτοι τοῦ Διὸς ἡμῖν βασιλεύειν. Πισθέταιρος οὐ γὰρ πολλῷ; πρῶτον μέν γʼ οὐχὶ νεὼς ἡμᾶς οἰκοδομεῖν δεῖ λιθίνους αὐτοῖς, οὐδὲ θυρῶσαι χρυσαῖσι θύραις, 615ἀλλʼ ὑπὸ θάμνοις καὶ πρινιδίοις οἰκήσουσιν. τοῖς δʼ αὖ σεμνοῖς τῶν ὀρνίθων δένδρον ἐλάας ὁ νεὼς ἔσται· κοὐκ ἐς Δελφοὺς οὐδʼ εἰς Ἄμμωνʼ ἐλθόντες ἐκεῖ 620θύσομεν, ἀλλʼ ἐν ταῖσιν κομάροις καὶ τοῖς κοτίνοις στάντες ἔχοντες κριθὰς πυροὺς εὐξόμεθʼ αὐτοῖς ἀνατείνοντες τὼ χεῖρʼ ἀγαθῶν διδόναι τι μέρος· καὶ ταῦθʼ ἡμῖν 625παραχρῆμʼ ἔσται πυροὺς ὀλίγους προβαλοῦσιν. Χορός ὦ φίλτατʼ ἐμοὶ πολὺ πρεσβυτῶν ἐξ ἐχθίστου μεταπίπτων,

PEISTHETAERUS New years ye will lengthen.

CHORUS Why, whence will they come?

PEISTHETAERUS From your own inexhaustible store. What! dost thou not know that the noisy-tongued crow lives five generations of men O fie! it is plain they are fitter to reign than the Gods; let us have them again. Ay fitter by far! No need for their sakes to erect and adorn Great temples of marble with portals of gold. Enough for the birds on the brake and the thorn And the evergreen oak their receptions to hold. Or if any are noble, and courtly, and fine, The tree of the olive will serve for their shrine. No need, when a blessing we seek, to repair To Delphi or Ammon, and sacrifice there; We will under an olive or arbutus stand With a present of barley and wheat, And piously lifting our heart and our hand The birds for a boon we’ll entreat, And the boon shall be ours, and our suit we shall gain At the cost of a few little handfuls of grain.

English translation by Benjamin Bickley Rogers (1906). Original text: Greek text: F. W. Hall and W. M. Geldart (eds.), Aristophanis Comoediae, Oxford Classical Texts, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1906-1907, as digitised by Perseus. English: Benjamin Bickley Rogers, The Birds of Aristophanes, London: George Bell and Sons, 1906.

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, Greek: CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain (Rogers). Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.