Sophocles · Women of Trachis Τραχίνιαι

Sophocles, Women of Trachis 1044–1111: Exodos (cont.): Heracles' lament

Heracles says that none of his labours, no monster or hostile land, did to him what a weak woman has done to him alone. He asks Hyllus to bring his mother to him so that he may avenge himself, and shows his wasted body. He cries out to Zeus and Hades for death and recalls his labours, and says that she will feel his hand even in his death.

Lines 1044–1111 · 648 words · click a number to copy its link
Χορός 1044κλύουσʼ ἔφριξα τάσδε συμφοράς, φίλαι, 1045ἄνακτος, οἵαις οἷος ὢν ἐλαύνεται. Ἡρακλῆς ὦ πολλὰ δὴ καὶ θερμὰ κοὐ λόγῳ κακὰ καὶ χερσὶ καὶ νώτοισι μοχθήσας ἐγώ· κοὔπω τοιοῦτον οὔτʼ ἄκοιτις ἡ Διὸς προύθηκεν οὔθʼ ὁ στυγνὸς Εὐρυσθεὺς ἐμοί, 1050οἷον τόδʼ ἡ δολῶπις Οἰνέως κόρη καθῆψεν ὤμοις τοῖς ἐμοῖς Ἐρινύων ὑφαντὸν ἀμφίβληστρον, ᾧ διόλλυμαι. πλευραῖσι γὰρ προσμαχθὲν ἐκ μὲν ἐσχάτας βέβρωκε σάρκας, πλεύμονός τʼ ἀρτηρίας 1055ῥοφεῖ ξυνοικοῦν, ἐκ δὲ χλωρὸν αἷμά μου πέπωκεν ἤδη, καὶ διέφθαρμαι δέμας τὸ πᾶν, ἀφράστῳ τῇδε χειρωθεὶς πέδῃ. κοὐ ταῦτα λόγχη πεδιάς, οὔθʼ ὁ γηγενὴς στρατὸς Γιγάντων οὔτε θήρειος βία, 1060οὔθʼ Ἑλλὰς οὔτʼ ἄγλωσσος οὔθʼ ὅσην ἐγὼ γαῖαν καθαίρων ἱκόμην, ἔδρασέ πω· γυνὴ δέ, θῆλυς φῦσα κοὐκ ἀνδρὸς φύσιν, μόνη με δὴ καθεῖλε φασγάνου δίχα. ὦ παῖ, γενοῦ μοι παῖς ἐτήτυμος γεγώς, 1065καὶ μὴ τὸ μητρὸς ὄνομα πρεσβεύσῃς πλέον. δός μοι χεροῖν σαῖν αὐτὸς ἐξ οἴκου λαβὼν ἐς χεῖρα τὴν τεκοῦσαν, ὡς εἰδῶ σάφα εἰ τοὐμὸν ἀλγεῖς μᾶλλον ἢ κείνης ὁρῶν λωβητὸν εἶδος ἐν δίκῃ κακούμενον. 1070ἴθʼ, ὦ τέκνον, τόλμησον· οἴκτιρόν τέ με πολλοῖσιν οἰκτρόν, ὅστις ὥστε παρθένος βέβρυχα κλαίων, καὶ τόδʼ οὐδʼ ἂν εἷς ποτε τόνδʼ ἄνδρα φαίη πρόσθʼ ἰδεῖν δεδρακότα, ἀλλʼ ἀστένακτος αἰὲν εἱπόμην κακοῖς. 1075νῦν δʼ ἐκ τοιούτου θῆλυς ηὕρημαι τάλας.

Chorus I shudder, friends, to hear these sorrows which our King suffers. What a man is here, and what misfortunes lash at him!

Heracles Ah, many and hot and cruel not in name alone have been the labors of these hands, the burdens hoisted upon these shoulders! And yet no toil ever laid on me by the bedfellow of Zeus or by the hateful Eurystheus was as harsh as this thing which the daughter of Oeneus, fair and false, has fastened upon my back, this woven net of the Erinyes in which I perish! Plastered to my sides, it has eaten away my inmost flesh and sucks the channels of my lungs, making my body its home. Already it has drunk away my fresh lifeblood, and my whole body is wasted, conquered by these indescribable bonds. Not spearmen on the battlefield, nor the Giants’ earth-born army, nor the might of savage beasts, not Hellas, nor the land of the barbarian, nor any land which I came to purify has ever done this to me. No, a woman, a weak woman, born not to the strength of man, all alone has brought me down without a stroke of the sword! Son, show yourself my trueborn son, and do not honor your mother’s name above your father’s. Bring out the woman that bore you, and give her with your own hands into my hand, that I may know for certain which sight grieves you more—my tortured frame, or hers, when she suffers her just punishment! Go, my son, be bold! Show your pity for me, whom many might think deserving of pity—pity me moaning and weeping like a girl! No one could say that he had ever seen this man do that before. No, always without complaint I used to pursue my troubles. But now in my misery I have been found a woman, instead of the man I used to be.

Heracles

1076καὶ νῦν προσελθὼν στῆθι πλησίον πατρός, σκέψαι θʼ ὁποίας ταῦτα συμφορᾶς ὕπο πέπονθα· δείξω γὰρ τάδʼ ἐκ καλυμμάτων. ἰδού, θεᾶσθε πάντες ἄθλιον δέμας, 1080ὁρᾶτε τὸν δύστηνον, ὡς οἰκτρῶς ἔχω. αἰαῖ, ἆ τάλας, ἔθαλψεν ἄτης σπασμὸς ἀρτίως ὅδʼ αὖ, διῇξε πλευρῶν, οὐδʼ ἀγύμναστόν μʼ ἐᾶν ἔοικεν ἡ τάλαινα διάβορος νόσος. 1085ὦναξ Ἀίδη, δέξαι μʼ, ὦ Διὸς ἀκτίς, παῖσον, ἔνσεισον, ὦναξ, ἐγκατάσκηψον βέλος, πάτερ, κεραυνοῦ· δαίνυται γὰρ αὖ πάλιν, ἤνθηκεν, ἐξωρμήκεν. ὦ χέρες χέρες, 1090ὦ νῶτα καὶ στέρνʼ, ὦ φίλοι βραχίονες, ὑμεῖς δὲ κεῖνοι δὴ καθέσταθʼ, οἵ ποτε Νεμέας ἔνοικον, βουκόλων ἀλάστορα λέοντʼ, ἄπλατον θρέμμα κἀπροσήγορον, βίᾳ κατειργάσασθε, Λερναίαν θʼ ὕδραν, 1095διφυῆ τʼ ἄμικτον ἱπποβάμονα στρατὸν θηρῶν, ὑβριστὴν ἄνομον, ὑπέροχον βίαν, Ἐρυμάνθιόν τε θῆρα, τόν θʼ ὑπὸ χθονὸς Ἅιδου τρίκρανον σκύλακʼ, ἀπρόσμαχον τέρας, δεινῆς Ἐχίδνης θρέμμα, τόν τε χρυσέων 1100δράκοντα μήλων φύλακʼ ἐπʼ ἐσχάτοις τόποις. ἄλλων τε μόχθων μυρίων ἐγευσάμην, κοὐδεὶς τροπαῖʼ ἔστησε τῶν ἐμῶν χερῶν. νῦν δʼ ὧδʼ ἄναρθρος καὶ κατερρακωμένος τυφλῆς ὑπʼ ἄτης ἐκπεπόρθημαι τάλας, 1105ὁ τῆς ἀρίστης μητρὸς ὠνομασμένος, ὁ τοῦ κατʼ ἄστρα Ζηνὸς αὐδηθεὶς γόνος. ἀλλʼ εὖ γέ τοι τόδʼ ἴστε, κἂν τὸ μηδὲν ὦ κἂν μηδὲν ἕρπω, τήν γε δράσασαν τάδε χειρώσομαι κἀκ τῶνδε· προσμόλοι μόνον, 1110ἵνʼ ἐκδιδαχθῇ πᾶσιν ἀγγέλλειν ὅτι καὶ ζῶν κακούς γε καὶ θανὼν ἐτισάμην.

Come close, stand near your father and do examine the magnitude of the misfortune by which I suffer; for I will uncover my suffering. Look! See all of you this miserable body; see how wretched, how pitiable I am! Ah, misery! The ruinous spasm flames again; it shoots through my sides—I must wrestle once more with that cruel, devouring plague! King Hades, receive me! Strike me, O fire of Zeus! Hurl down your thunderbolt, ruler, dash it, Father, upon my head! Again the pest consumes me, it has blazed up, it has leapt to fury! O hands, my hands, O shoulders and chest and trusty arms, you are indeed those noted arms which once subdued with your might the dweller in Nemea, the scourge of herdsmen, the lion, a creature that no man might approach or confront; you tamed the Lernaean Hydra, and that monstrous army of beasts with double form, hostile, going on hoofed feet, violent, lawless, of surpassing violence; you tamed the beast in Erymanthia, and underground the three-headed whelp of Hades, a resistless terror, offspring of the fierce Echidna; you tamed the dragon that guarded the golden fruit in the farthest places of the earth. These toils and thousands more have I tasted, and no man has ever erected a trophy of victory over my hands. But now, with joints unhinged and with flesh torn to shreds, I have become the miserable spoil of an unseen destroyer, —I, who am called the son of noblest mother, I, who am reputed the seed of Zeus, lord of the starry sky. But you may be sure of one thing: though I am nothing, though I cannot move a step, yet she who has done this deed shall feel my heavy hand even so. Let her but come to me so that she may learn to proclaim this message to all the world, that in my death, as in my life, I punished the guilty!

People and places in this passage

English translation by Richard C. Jebb (modernised by Perseus) (1892). Original text: Greek text: Francis Storr (ed. and trans.), Sophocles, Loeb Classical Library, London: William Heinemann, 1913, as digitised by Perseus. English: Richard C. Jebb, Sophocles: The Plays and Fragments, The Trachiniae, Cambridge University Press, 1892 (Perseus's modernised version of Jebb's prose translation).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.