Sophocles · Women of Trachis Τραχίνιαι

Sophocles, Women of Trachis 863–946: Fifth episode: the Nurse reports the death of Deianeira

A cry is heard from the house, and the Nurse comes out to say that Deianeira has killed herself with a sword. She tells how Deianeira, after wandering in the house and saying goodbye to her household gods and the bridal bed, lay down on the bed of Heracles and drove a sword into her side. She says that Hyllus, who learned too late that his mother was innocent, wept over her.

Lines 863–946 · 740 words · click a number to copy its link
Ἡμιχόριον 1 863πότερον ἐγὼ μάταιος, ἢ κλύω τινὸς οἴκτου διʼ οἴκων ἀρτίως ὁρμωμένου; τί φημι; Ἡμιχόριον 2 865ἠχεῖ τις οὐκ ἄσημον, ἀλλὰ δυστυχῆ κωκυτὸν εἴσω, καί τι καινίζει στέγη. Ἡμιχόριον ξύνες δὲ τήνδʼ ὡς κατηφὴς καὶ συνωφρυωμένη 870χωρεῖ πρὸς ἡμᾶς γραῖα σημανοῦσά τι. Τροφός ὦ παῖδες, ὡς ἄρʼ ἡμὶν οὐ σμικρῶν κακῶν ἦρξεν τὸ δῶρον Ἡρακλεῖ τὸ πόμπιμον. Χορός τί δʼ, ὦ γεραιά, καινοποιηθὲν λέγεις; Τροφός βέβηκε Δῃάνειρα τὴν πανυστάτην 875ὁδῶν ἁπασῶν ἐξ ἀκινήτου ποδός. Χορός οὐ δή ποθʼ ὡς θανοῦσα; Τροφός πάντʼ ἀκήκοας. Χορός τέθνηκεν ἡ τάλαινα; Τροφός δεύτερον κλύεις. Χορός τάλαινʼ ὀλεθρία· τίνι τρόπῳ θανεῖν σφε φής; Τροφός σχετλιώτατά γε πρὸς πρᾶξιν. Χορός 880εἰπὲ τῷ μόρῳ, γύναι, ξυντρέχει. Τροφός αὑτὴν διηΐστωσε. Χορός τίς θυμὸς ἢ τίνες νόσοι τάνδʼ αἰχμᾷ βέλεος κακοῦ ξυνεῖλε; πως ἐμήσατο 885πρὸς θανάτῳ θάνατον ἀνύσασα μόνα; Τροφός στονόεντος ἐν τομᾷ σιδάρου. Χορός ἐπεῖδες, ὦ ματαία, τάνδε τὴν ὕβριν; Τροφός ἐπεῖδον, ὡς δὴ πλησία παραστάτις. Χορός 890τίς ἦν; πῶς; φέρʼ εἰπέ. Τροφός αὐτὴ πρὸς αὑτῆς χειροποιεῖται τάδε. Χορός τί φωνεῖς; Τροφός σαφηνῆ. Χορός ἔτεκεν ἔτεκε δὴ μεγάλαν ἁ νέορτος ἅδε νύμφα 895δόμοισι τοῖσδʼ ἐρινύν.

First Semi-Chorus Is it fancy, or did I just now hear some cry of grief rushing through the house? What is this?

Second Semi-Chorus It is no uncertain sound, but a wail of anguish from inside. The house has some new trouble.

Chorus And note how strangely, with what consternation on her brow that old woman approaches to give us some news.

Nurse Ah, my daughters, great, indeed, are the sorrows for us that began with the gift sent to Heracles!

Chorus Old woman, what new trouble have you to tell?

Nurse Deianeira has departed on the last of all her journeys, departed without stirring a foot.

Chorus Surely you do not mean she is dead?

Nurse My tale is told.

Chorus Dead, the poor woman?

Nurse Again you hear me affirm it.

Chorus Poor, lost one! Tell me, what was the manner of her death?

Nurse Oh, it was most cruel in its execution!

Chorus Speak, woman, with what end did she meet?

Nurse She destroyed herself.

Chorus What impulse drove her? What disease of her mind seized her on the point of its evil shaft? How did she contrive this death upon death, accomplishing it all on her own?

Nurse By a stroke of the sword which gives cause for mourning.

Chorus Did you witness that violent deed, poor helpless one?

Nurse I did, yes, since I was standing close by.

Chorus What was it? How was it done? Oh, speak!

Nurse Of her own accord she set her hand to the deed.

Chorus What are you saying?

Nurse The certain truth.

Chorus The firstborn, the firstborn of that newly arisen bride is a great Erinys on this house!

Τροφός 896ἄγαν γε· μᾶλλον δʼ, εἰ παροῦσα πλησία ἔλευσσες οἷʼ ἔδρασε, κάρτʼ ἂν ᾤκτισας. Χορός καὶ ταῦτʼ ἔτλη τις χεὶρ γυναικεία κτίσαι; Τροφός δεινῶς γε· πεύσει δʼ, ὥστε μαρτυρεῖν ἐμοί. 900ἐπεὶ γὰρ ἦλθε δωμάτων εἴσω μόνη καὶ παῖδʼ ἐν αὐλαῖς εἶδε κοῖλα δέμνια στορνύνθʼ, ὅπως ἄψορρον ἀντῴη πατρί, κρύψασʼ ἑαυτὴν ἔνθα μή τις εἰσίδοι, βρυχᾶτο μὲν βωμοῖσι προσπίπτουσʼ ὅτι 905γένοιντʼ ἔρημοι, ʼκλαιε δʼ ὀργάνων ὅτου ψαύσειεν οἷς ἐχρῆτο δειλαία πάρος· ἄλλῃ δὲ κἄλλῃ δωμάτων στρωφωμένη, εἴ του φίλων βλέψειεν οἰκετῶν δέμας, ἔκλαιεν ἡ δύστηνος εἰσορωμένη, 910αὐτὴ τὸν αὑτῆς δαίμονʼ ἀνακαλουμένη καὶ τὰς ἄπαιδας ἐς τὸ λοιπὸν οὐσίας. ἐπεὶ δὲ τῶνδʼ ἔληξεν, ἐξαίφνης σφʼ ὁρῶ τὸν Ἡράκλειον θάλαμον εἰσορμωμένην. κἀγὼ λαθραῖον ὄμμʼ ἐπεσκιασμένη 915φρούρουν· ὁρῶ δὲ τὴν γυναῖκα δεμνίοις τοῖς Ἡρακλείοις στρωτὰ βάλλουσαν φάρη. ὅπως δʼ ἐτέλεσε τοῦτʼ, ἐπενθοροῦσʼ ἄνω καθέζετʼ ἐν μέσοισιν εὐνατηρίοις, καὶ δακρύων ῥήξασα θερμὰ νάματα 920ἔλεξεν· ὦ λέχη τε καὶ νυμφεῖʼ ἐμά, τὸ λοιπὸν ἤδη χαίρεθʼ, ὡς ἔμʼ οὔποτε δέξεσθʼ ἔτʼ ἐν κοίταισι ταῖσδʼ εὐνάτριαν. τοσαῦτα φωνήσασα συντόνῳ χερὶ λύει τὸν αὑτῆς πέπλον, ᾗ χρυσήλατος 925προύκειτο μαστῶν περονίς, ἐκ δʼ ἐλώπισεν πλευρὰν ἅπασαν ὠλένην τʼ εὐώνυμον. κἀγὼ δρομαία βᾶσʼ, ὅσονπερ ἔσθενον, τῷ παιδὶ φράζω τῆς τεχνωμένης τάδε. κἀν ᾧ τὸ κεῖσε δεῦρό τʼ ἐξορμώμεθα, 930ὁρῶμεν αὐτὴν ἀμφιπλῆγι φασγάνῳ πλευρὰν ὑφʼ ἧπαρ καὶ φρένας πεπληγμένην. ἰδὼν δʼ ὁ παῖς ᾤμωξεν· ἔγνω γὰρ τάλας τοὔργον κατʼ ὀργὴν ὡς ἐφάψειεν τόδε, ὄψʼ ἐκδιδαχθεὶς τῶν κατʼ οἶκον οὕνεκα 935ἄκουσα πρὸς τοῦ θηρὸς ἔρξειεν τάδε. κἀνταῦθʼ ὁ παῖς δύστηνος οὔτʼ ὀδυρμάτων ἐλείπετʼ οὐδέν, ἀμφί νιν γοώμενος, οὔτʼ ἀμφιπίπτων στόμασιν, ἀλλὰ πλευρόθεν πλευρὰν παρεὶς ἔκειτο πόλλʼ ἀναστένων, 940ὥς νιν ματαίως αἰτίᾳ βάλοι κακῇ, κλαίων ὁθούνεκʼ ἐκ δυοῖν ἔσοιθʼ ἅμα, πατρός τʼ ἐκείνης τʼ, ὠρφανισμένος βίον. τοιαῦτα τἀνθάδʼ ἐστίν· ὥστʼ εἴ τις δύο ἢ καί τι πλείους ἡμέρας λογίζεται, 945μάταιός ἐστιν· οὐ γὰρ ἔσθʼ ἥ γʼ αὔριον, πρὶν εὖ πάθῃ τις τὴν παροῦσαν ἡμέραν.

Nurse Too true. And had you been close at hand and seen her do it, you would have pitied her even more.

Chorus And could a woman’s hand dare to carry out such deeds?

Nurse Yes, with fierce daring. You shall hear, and then you will bear me witness. When she came alone into the house and saw her son preparing a deep litter in the court, with which to go back and meet his father, she hid herself where none would see. Falling before the altars, she moaned that they were left desolate, and whenever she touched any household thing that she, poor lady, had habitually used in the past, her tears would flow. If, as she roamed hither and thither through the house, she beheld the form of any well-loved servant, she wept in misery at the sight, crying aloud upon her own fate, and her childless existence thereafter. But when she finished this, I saw her suddenly rush into the bedchamber of Heracles. I hid in the shadows to keep my observation secret and was watching over her when I saw her spread coverings on the bedstead of Heracles. When she had done this, she sprang up on them and sat in the middle of the bed. Then she broke out in warm streams of tears and said: “Ah, my bridal bed and bridal chamber, farewell now and for ever, since you will never more receive me in these covers as his wife.” She says no more, but with a vehement hand she loosens her robe where the brooch of beaten gold lies above her breasts and bares all her left side and arm. Then I run with all my strength, and warn her son of her intent. But even in the space between my going and our return, we find that she has driven a two-edged sword up through her side to the heart. At that sight, her son gave a great cry. For he knew, poor boy, that in his anger he had driven her to that action. He had learned too late from the servants in the house that she had acted without knowledge and at the will of the monster. Then and there the youth in his misery left no cry of grief unmade as he lamented over her, nor as he fell to kiss her lips; he threw himself at her side, loudly moaning that he had rashly attacked her with a false accusation and weeping that he must now live orphaned of both alike, of his father and of her. Such are the fortunes of this house. Rash, indeed, is he who reckons on tomorrow, or perchance on days beyond it. There is no tomorrow, until today is safely past.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Richard C. Jebb (modernised by Perseus) (1892). Original text: Greek text: Francis Storr (ed. and trans.), Sophocles, Loeb Classical Library, London: William Heinemann, 1913, as digitised by Perseus. English: Richard C. Jebb, Sophocles: The Plays and Fragments, The Trachiniae, Cambridge University Press, 1892 (Perseus's modernised version of Jebb's prose translation).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.