Sophocles · Women of Trachis Τραχίνιαι

Sophocles, Women of Trachis 431–496: Second episode (cont.): Lichas confesses

Deianeira begs Lichas by Zeus not to hide the truth from her, saying that she knows that all men are subject to desire and that she will not blame Heracles or the girl. Lichas admits that the Messenger is right, that Heracles sacked Oechalia out of passion for the girl, and that he did not tell her out of fear of causing her pain. Deianeira says that she will not fight the gods, and goes in to bring gifts for Heracles.

Lines 431–496 · 686 words · click a number to copy its link
Ἄγγελος 431ὃς σοῦ παρὼν ἤκουσεν, ὡς ταύτης πόθῳ πόλις δαμείη πᾶσα, κοὐχ ἡ Λυδία πέρσειεν αὐτήν, ἀλλʼ ὁ τῆσδʼ ἔρως φανείς. Λίχας ἅνθρωπος, ὦ δέσποινʼ, ἀποστήτω· τὸ γὰρ 435νοσοῦντι ληρεῖν ἀνδρὸς οὐχὶ σώφρονος.

Messenger I am a man who heard from your own lips that the conquest of the whole city was due to desire for this girl and that the Lydian woman did not destroy it, but the passion which arose for the girl.

Lichas Lady, send this creature away. To babble with the insane is not the mark of a sensible man.

Deianeira

436μή, πρός σε τοῦ κατʼ ἄκρον Οἰταῖον νάπος Διὸς καταστράπτοντος, ἐκκλέψῃς λόγον. οὐ γὰρ γυναικὶ τοὺς λόγους ἐρεῖς κακῇ οὐδʼ ἥτις οὐ κάτοιδε τἀνθρώπων, ὅτι 440χαίρειν πέφυκεν οὐχὶ τοῖς αὐτοῖς ἀεί. Ἔρωτι μέν νυν ὅστις ἀντανίσταται πύκτης ὅπως ἐς χεῖρας, οὐ καλῶς φρονεῖ· οὗτος γὰρ ἄρχει καὶ θεῶν ὅπως θέλει, κἀμοῦ γε· πῶς δʼ οὐ χἀτέρας οἵας γʼ ἐμοῦ; 445ὥστʼ εἴ τι τὠμῷ τʼ ἀνδρὶ τῇδε τῇ νόσῳ ληφθέντι μεμπτός εἰμι, κάρτα μαίνομαι, ἢ τῇδε τῇ γυναικὶ τῇ μεταιτίᾳ τοῦ μηδὲν αἰσχροῦ μηδʼ ἐμοὶ κακοῦ τινος. οὐκ ἔστι ταῦτʼ· ἀλλʼ εἰ μὲν ἐκ κείνου μαθὼν 450ψεύδει, μάθησιν οὐ καλὴν ἐκμανθάνεις. εἰ δʼ αὐτὸς αὑτὸν ὧδε παιδεύεις, ὅταν θέλῃς γενέσθαι χρηστός, ὀφθήσει κακός. ἀλλʼ εἰπὲ πᾶν τἀληθές· ὡς ἐλευθέρῳ ψευδεῖ καλεῖσθαι κὴρ πρόσεστιν οὐ καλή. 455ὅπως δὲ λήσεις, οὐδὲ τοῦτο γίγνεται· πολλοὶ γὰρ οἷς εἴρηκας, οἳ φράσουσʼ ἐμοί. κεἰ μὲν δέδοικας, οὐ καλῶς ταρβεῖς, ἐπεὶ τὸ μὴ πυθέσθαι, τοῦτό μʼ ἀλγύνειεν ἄν· τὸ δʼ εἰδέναι τί δεινόν; οὐχὶ χἀτέρας 460πλείστας ἀνὴρ εἷς Ἡρακλῆς ἔγημε δή; κοὔπω τις αὐτῶν ἔκ γʼ ἐμοῦ λόγον κακὸν ἠνέγκατʼ οὐδʼ ὄνειδος· ἥδε τʼ οὐδʼ ἂν εἰ κάρτʼ ἐντακείη τῷ φιλεῖν, ἐπεί σφʼ ἐγὼ ᾤκτιρα δὴ μάλιστα προσβλέψασʼ, ὅτι 465τὸ κάλλος αὐτῆς τὸν βίον διώλεσεν, καὶ γῆν πατρῴαν οὐχ ἑκοῦσα δύσμορος ἔπερσε κἀδούλωσεν. ἀλλὰ ταῦτα μὲν ῥείτω κατʼ οὖρον· σοὶ δʼ ἐγὼ φράζω κακὸν πρὸς ἄλλον εἶναι, πρὸς δʼ ἔμʼ ἀψευδεῖν ἀεί.

No, I implore you by Zeus whose strikes lightning down along the high glens of Oeta, do not rob me of a true report! Your words will not fall on the ears of a cruel woman, nor has she yet to learn the fate of humanity, how by our nature we are often inconstant in our pleasures. He does not use good sense, then, who like a boxer opposes the blows of Eros. For Eros rules the gods as he pleases, and he rules me as well—that is certain. Why not another woman, just like me? And so I am crazed indeed, if I blame my husband because that disease has seized him or because he was seized by this woman, his partner in a thing which is no shame to them, and no wrong to me. Impossible! If it was from him that you learned to lie, it was not a noble lesson. But if you are your own teacher in this, you will be seen as cruel when it is your wish to prove kind. No, tell me the whole truth, since to a free-born man the name of liar attaches like an ugly stain. If your hope is to escape detection, that cannot come to pass: many are those whom you told and who will inform me. And if you are afraid, your fear is mistaken, since it is not learning the truth that would pain me. But to know it, what is terrible in that? Has Heracles not all by himself already mated with a multitude of other women? And never yet has one of them come away with a harsh word or reproach from me, nor shall this girl, even if she should melt in her passion. Indeed, I felt a profound pity when I saw her because her beauty has destroyed her life, and she, unfortunate one, has against her will devastated her fatherland and enslaved it. Well, those things must go with the wind. But as for you, I tell you, be dishonest to others, but always speak the truth to me.

Χορός 470πείθου λεγούσῃ χρηστά, κοὐ μέμψει χρόνῳ γυναικὶ τῇδε κἀπʼ ἐμοῦ κτήσει χάριν. Λίχας ἀλλʼ, ὦ φίλη δέσποινʼ, ἐπεί σε μανθάνω θνητὴν φρονοῦσαν θνητὰ κοὐκ ἀγνώμονα, πᾶν σοι φράσω τἀληθὲς οὐδὲ κρύψομαι. 475ἔστιν γὰρ οὕτως ὥσπερ οὗτος ἐννέπει. ταύτης ὁ δεινὸς ἵμερός ποθʼ Ἡρακλῆ διῆλθε, καὶ τῆσδʼ εἵνεχʼ ἡ πολύφθορος καθῃρέθη πατρῷος Οἰχαλία δόρει. καὶ ταῦτα, δεῖ γὰρ καὶ τὸ πρὸς κείνου λέγειν, 480οὔτʼ εἶπε κρύπτειν οὔτʼ ἀπηρνήθη ποτέ, ἀλλʼ αὐτός, ὦ δέσποινα, δειμαίνων τὸ σὸν μὴ στέρνον ἀλγύνοιμι τοῖσδε τοῖς λόγοις, ἥμαρτον, εἴ τι τήνδʼ ἁμαρτίαν νέμεις. ἐπεί γε μὲν δὴ πάντʼ ἐπίστασαι λόγον, 485κείνου τε καὶ σὴν ἐξ ἴσου κοινὴν χάριν καὶ στέργε τὴν γυναῖκα καὶ βούλου λόγους, οὓς εἶπας ἐς τήνδʼ, ἐμπέδως εἰρηκέναι· ὡς τἄλλʼ ἐκεῖνος πάντʼ ἀριστεύων χεροῖν τοῦ τῆσδʼ ἔρωτος εἰς ἅπανθʼ ἥσσων ἔφυ. Δηιάνειρα 490ἀλλʼ ὧδε καὶ φρονοῦμεν ὥστε ταῦτα δρᾶν, κοὔτοι νόσον γʼ ἐπακτὸν ἐξαρούμεθα, θεοῖσι δυσμαχοῦντες. ἀλλʼ εἴσω στέγης χωρῶμεν, ὡς λόγων τʼ ἐπιστολὰς φέρῃς, ἅ τʼ ἀντὶ δώρων δῶρα χρὴ προσαρμόσαι, 495καὶ ταῦτʼ ἄγῃς· κενὸν γὰρ οὐ δίκαιά σε χωρεῖν προσελθόνθʼ ὧδε σὺν πολλῷ στόλῳ.

Chorus Obey her good and kind advice, and hereafter you will neither have cause to complain of this lady, nor lack my thanks.

Lichas Indeed, then, dear mistress. Since I see that you think as mortals should think and not without good judgment, I will tell you the whole truth, and not hide it. Yes, it is just as this one says. That terrible longing for the girl long ago shot through Heracles, and for her sake the desolate Oechalia, her father’s land, was leveled by his spear. But he—I must say what is in his favor— he never ordered me to conceal the fact and never denied it. Instead I, lady, fearing to wound your heart by such news, erred—if you regard this in any way an error. Since, however, you now know the whole story, for his sake and for yours equally bear with the woman, and be willing that the gentle words which you spoke about her have been spoken unalterably. For though by the strength of his hands he is victorious in all else, Heracles has been utterly subdued by his passion for this girl.

Deianeira My own thoughts move me to act as you advise. Rest assured that I will not earn another affliction for myself by waging a fruitless fight against the gods. But let us go into the house, so that you may carry him my messages and since gifts should be given in due recompense for gifts received, so that you may take these also. It would not be right that you should go back with empty hands, after coming with such a rich cargo.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Richard C. Jebb (modernised by Perseus) (1892). Original text: Greek text: Francis Storr (ed. and trans.), Sophocles, Loeb Classical Library, London: William Heinemann, 1913, as digitised by Perseus. English: Richard C. Jebb, Sophocles: The Plays and Fragments, The Trachiniae, Cambridge University Press, 1892 (Perseus's modernised version of Jebb's prose translation).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.