Bacchylides · Epinicians (Odes of Victory) Ἐπίνικοι

Bacchylides, Epinicians (Odes of Victory) 5.1–200: Ode 5: Heracles meets Meleager in Hades

The poet sends Hieron a song and compares his own flight to the eagle's, celebrating the victory of the chestnut horse Pherenicus at Olympia and at Pytho. He tells how Heracles went down to Hades for the hound of Hades, saw the shade of Meleager and drew his bow, but was told there was nothing to fear. Meleager tells of the Calydonian boar sent by Artemis, of the quarrel over its hide, and of the brand burned by his mother Althaea that ended his life. Moved to tears, Heracles asks about a sister he might marry, and Meleager names Deianeira; the ode ends with praise of Hieron and a prayer to Zeus.

Lines 5.1–200 · 1208 words · click a number to copy its link
1εὔμοιρε Συρακοσίων ἱπποδινήτων στραταγέ, γνώσει μὲν ἰοστεφάνων Μοισᾶν γλυκύδωρον ἄγαλμα, τῶν γε νῦν 5αἴ τις ἐπιχθονίων,

Blest war-lord of Syracuse, city of whirling chariots, thou, if any mortal, wilt rightly estimate the sweet gift brought in thy honour by the Muses of violet crown.

6ὀρθῶς· φρένα δʼ εὐθύδικον ἀτρέμʼ ἀμπαύσας μεριμνᾶν δεῦρʼ ἐπάθρησον νόῳ, ᾗ σὺν Χαρίτεσσι βαθυζώνοις ὑφάνας 10ὕμνον ἀπὸ ζαθέας νάσου ξένος ὑμετέραν πέμ- πει κλεεννὰν ἐς πόλιν, χρυσάμπυκος Οὐρανίας κλει- νὸς θεράπων· ἐθέλει δὲ 15γᾶρυν ἐκ στηθ έω ν χέων αἰνεῖν Ἱέρωνα. βαθὺν δʼ αἰθέρα ξουθαῖσι τάμνων ὑψοῦ πτερύγεσσι ταχεί-

Suffer thy mind, ever upright in judgment, to have repose from cares; bend thy thoughts hither, and see where a song woven with the aid of the deep-girdled Graces is sent from a lovely isle to your famous city by a guest-friend, a servant not inglorious of Urania whose locks are bound with gold. Fain is he to pour forth his voice in praise of Hieron. The eagle, cleaving the deep ether on high with his swift tawny wings,

19αις αἰετὸς εὐρυάνακτος ἄγγελος 20Ζηνὸς ἐρισφαράγου θαρσεῖ κρατερᾷ πίσυνος ἰσχύϊ, πτάσσοντι δʼ ὄρνι- χες λιγύφθογγοι φόβῳ· οὔ νιν κορυφαὶ μεγάλας ἴσχουσι γαίας, 25οὐδʼ ἁλὸς ἀκαμάτας δυσπαίπαλα κύματα· νωμᾶ- ται δʼ ἐν ἀτρύτῳ χάει λεπτότριχα σὺν ζεφύρου πνοι- αῖσιν ἔθειραν ἀρίγνω- 30τος μετʼ ἀνθρώποις ἰδεῖν· τὼς νῦν καὶ ἐμοὶ μυρία πάντᾳ κέλευθος ὑμετέραν ἀρετὰν ὑμνεῖν, κυανοπλοκάμου θʼ ἕκατι Νίκας χαλκεοστέρνου τʼ Ἄρηος, 35Δεινομένευς ἀγέρω- χοι παῖδες· εὖ ἔρδων δὲ μὴ κάμοι θεός.

messenger of wide-ruling Zeus the lord of thunder, trusts boldly to his mighty strength; the shrill-voiced birds crouch in fear of him; the heights of the wide earth stay him not, nor the rough, steep waves of the unwearied sea; he plies his wing of delicate plumage in the illimitable void, sped by the breath of the west wind, conspicuous in the sight of men.

And so for me a boundless course is open on every side to hymn your prowess, ye lordly sons of Deinomenes, by grace of Victory, dark-haired queen, and of Ares with bronze-clad breast. May Heaven weary not of blessing you !

37ξανθότριχα μὲν Φερένικον Ἀλφεὸν παρʼ εὐρυδίναν πῶλον ἀελλοδρόμαν 40εἶδε νικάσαντα χρυσόπαχυς Ἀώς, Πυθῶνί τʼ ἐν ἀγαθέᾳ· γᾷ δʼ ἐπισκήπτων πιφαύσκω· οὔπω νιν ὑπὸ προτέρων ἵππων ἐν ἀγῶνι κατέχρανεν κόνις 45πρὸς τέλος ὀρνύμενον· ῥιπᾷ γὰρ ἴσος βορέα ὃν κυβερνήταν φυλάσσων ἵεται νεόκροτον νίκαν Ἱέρωνι φιλοξείνῳ τιτύσκων. 50ὄλβιος ᾧτινι θ εὸ ς

Morning with her golden ray saw Pherenicus, that chestnut steed swift as the wind, victorious by the wide-eddying Alpheus, as also at divine Pytho. And I call Earth to witness: never yet in a race has he been soiled by dust from horses in front of him, as he sped to his goal. Like the rush of Boreas, he darts onward, heedful of his pilot, winning for hospitable Hieron a victory greeted by fresh plaudits.

Happy is he to whom the god

51μοῖράν τε καλῶν ἔπορεν σύν τʼ ἐπιζήλῳ τύχᾳ ἀφν εὸ ν βιοτὰν διάγειν· οὐ γάρ τις ἐπιχθονίων 55πάντα γʼ εὐδαίμων ἔφυ. καὶ μάν π]οτʼ ἐρειψιπύλαν παῖδʼ ἀνίκ]ατον λέγουσιν δῦναι Διὸς] ἀργικεραύ- νου δώματα Φερσεφόνας τανισφύρου, 60καρχαρόδοντα κύνʼ ἄ- ξοντʼ ἐς φάος ἐξ Ἀΐδα, υἱὸν ἀπλάτοιʼ Ἐχίδνας· ἔνθα δυστάνων βροτῶν ψυχὰς ἐδάη παρὰ Κωκυτοῦ ῥεέθροις, 65οἷά τε φύλλʼ ἄνεμος Ἴδας ἀνὰ μηλοβότους πρῶνας ἀργηστὰς δονεῖ. ταῖσιν δὲ μετέπρεπεν εἴδω- λον θρασυμέμνονος ἐγ- 70χεσπάλου Πορθανίδα·

has granted a portion of honours, and a life of opulence, with enviable fortune : for no mortal man is blest in all things.

And verily they tell how he who broke down the gates of cities, the unconquered son of Zeus, lord of the bright thunderbolt, descended of old to the house of Persephone with slender ankles, that he might bring up from Hades to the sunlight the hound with jagged teeth, offspring of unapproachable Echidna.

There, by the waters of Cocytus, he perceived the souls of hapless mortals, countless as leaves quivering in the wind, where flocks graze on the gleaming headlands of Ida. And well seen among them was the shade of the bold-hearted warrior, the spear-shaker, sprung from Porthaon.

71τὸν δʼ ὡς ἴδεν Ἀλκμήνιος θαυμαστὸς ἥρως τεύχεσι λαμπόμενον, νευρὰν ἐπέβασε λιγυκλαγγῆ κορώνας, χαλκεόκρανον δʼ ἔπειτʼ ἐξ- 75είλετο ϝιὸν ἀνα- πτύξας φαρέτρας πῶμα· τῷ δʼ ἐναντία ψυχὰ προφάνη Μελεάγρου καί νιν εὖ εἰδὼς προσεῖπεν· υἱὲ Διὸς μεγάλου, 80στᾶθί τʼ ἐν χώρᾳ, γελανώσας τε θυμόν μὴ ταΰσιον προΐει τραχὺν ἐκ χειρῶν ὀϊστὸν ψυχαῖσιν ἔπι φθιμένων· οὔτοι δέος. ὣς φάτο· θάμβησεν δʼ ἄναξ 85Ἀμφιτρυωνιάδας, εἶπέν τε· τίς ἀθανάτων ἢ βροτῶν τοιοῦτον ἔρνος θρέψεν ἐν ποίᾳ χθονί; τίς δʼ ἔκτανεν ; ἦ τάχα καλλίζωνος Ἥρα 90κεῖνον ἐφʼ ἁμετέρᾳ

But when the wondrous hero, Alcmena’s son, beheld him shining in armour, he drew the shrill bow-string to the horn of his bow; then he raised the lid of his quiver, and took out a bronze-tipped arrow. But the spirit of Meleager came and stood before his face, and spake unto him, for he knew him well: ‘Son of great Zeus, stay where thou art, and calm thy soul, and speed not vainly from thy hand a fierce shaft against the souls of the dead. There is no cause to fear.’

So spake he; but the princely son of Amphitryon marvelled, and said: ‘Who among immortals or among men, and in what land, was the parent of an offspring so glorious? And who was his slayer? Soon will fair-girdled Hera send that man

91πέμψει κεφαλᾷ· τὰ δέ που Παλλάδι ξανθᾷ μέλει. τὸν δὲ προσέφα Μελέαγρος δακρυόεις· χαλεπὸν 95θ εῶ ν παρατρέψαι νόον ἄνδρεσσιν ἐπιχθονίοις. καὶ γὰρ ἂν πλάξιππος Οἰνεὺς παῦσεν καλυκοστεφάνου σεμνᾶς χόλον Ἀρτέμιδος λευκωλένου 100λισσόμενος πολέων τʼ αἰγῶν θυσίαισι πατὴρ καὶ βοῶν φοινικονώτων· ἀλλʼ ἀνίκατον θεὰ ἔσχεν χόλον· εὐρυβίαν δʼ ἔσσευε κούρα 105κάπρον ἀναιδομάχαν ἐς καλλίχορον Καλυδῶ- νʼ, ἔνθα πλημύρων σθένει ὄρχους ἐπέκειρεν ὀδόντι, σφάζε τε μῆλα, βροτῶν

to take my life; but golden-haired Pallas, I ween, is watchful against that.’

And to him spake Meleager with tears: ‘It is hard for mortal men to turn aside the purpose of the gods: else would my father, horse-smiting Oeneus, have appeased the wrath of Artemis crowned with flower-buds, the majestic, the white-armed, when he entreated her with sacrifices of many goats and red-backed oxen.

‘But the maiden goddess had conceived anger that could not be overcome; and she sped a wild boar, of vast might, a ruthless foe, into the fair lawns of Calydon; where, in the flood-tide of his strength, he ravaged the vine-rows with his tusks, and slew the sheep, and every mortal ;

110θʼ ὅστις εἰσάνταν μόλοι. τῷ δὲ στυγερὰν δῆριν Ἑλλάνων ἄριστοι στασάμεθʼ ἐνδυκέως ἓξ ἄματα συνεχέως· ἐπεὶ δὲ δαίμων κάρτος Αἰτωλοῖς ὄρεξεν, 115θάπτομεν οὓς κατέπε- φνεν σῦς ἐριβρύχας ἐπαΐσσων βίᾳ, Ἀγκαῖον ἐμῶν τʼ Ἀγέλαον φ[έρτ]ατον κεδνῶν ἀδελφ εῶ ν, οὓς τέ]κεν ἐν μεγάροις 120πατρὸ]ς Ἀλθαία περικλειτοῖσιν Οἰνέος· τῶν δʼ ὤ]λεσε μοῖρʼ ὀλοὰ πλεῦνα]ς· οὐ γάρ πω δαΐφρων

that crossed his path.

‘Against him we, the flower of the Greeks, strenuously waged grim fight for six days together. And when the god gave the mastery to us Aetolians, we buried those whom the squealing boar had slain in his violent onset, even Ancaeus, and Agelaus, that bravest of my trusty brethren, whom Althaea bare in the far-famed house of my father Oeneus.

‘But deadly fate destroyed more than these; for the fierce

123παῦσεν] χόλον ἀγροτέρα Λατοῦς θυγάτηρ· περὶ δʼ αἴθωνος δορᾶς 125μαρνάμεθʼ ἐνδυκέως Κουρῆσι μενεπτολέμοις· ἔνθʼ ἐγὼ πολλοῖς σὺν ἄλλοις Ἴφικλον κατέκτανον ἐσθλόν τʼ Ἀφάρητα, θοοὺς μάτρωας· οὐ γὰρ 130καρτερόθυμος Ἄρης κρίνει φίλον ἐν πολέμῳ· τυφλὰ δʼ ἐκ χειρῶν βέλη ψυχαῖς ἔπι δυσμενέων φοι- τᾷ θάνατόν τε φέρει 135τοῖσιν ἂν δαίμων θέλῃ· ταῦτʼ οὐκ ἐπιλεξαμένα Θεστίου κούρα δαΐφρων μάτηρ κακόποτμος ἐμοὶ βούλευσεν ὄλεθρον ἀτάρβακτος γυνά· 140καῖέ τε δαιδαλέας

goddess of the chase, Leto’s daughter, had not yet stayed her wrath; and we fought strenuously for the beast’s tawny hide with the Curetes steadfast in battle.

‘There slew I, among many others, Iphiclus and doughty Aphares, gallant brethren of my mother : for the vehement spirit of War discerns no kinsman in fight, but missiles go blindly from our hands against the lives of foemen, fraught with death for whom the god will.

‘Reflecting not on this, the fierce daughter of Thestius, my ill-starred mother, a woman without fear, planned my destruction. She lifted up a voice of wailing, and set about burning

141ἐκ λάρνακος ὠκύμορον φιτρὸν ἀγκλαύσασα, τὸν δὴ μοῖρʼ ἐπέκλωσεν τότε ζωᾶς ὅρον ἁμετέρας ἔμμεν. τύχον μὲν 145Δαϊπύλου Κλύμενον παῖδʼ ἄλκιμον ἐξεναρί- ζων ἀμώμητον δέμας, πύργων προπάροιθε κιχήσας· τοὶ δὲ πρὸς εὐκτιμέναν 150φεῦγον ἀρχαίαν πόλιν Πλευρῶνα· μινύνθη δέ μοι ψυχὰ γλυκεῖα, γνῶν δʼ ὀλιγοσθενέων· αἰαῖ· πύματον δὲ πνέων δάκρυσα τλ[άμων ἀγλαὰν ἥβαν προλείπων.

the brand of speedy doom, taken from the carven chest,—the brand which fate had ordained of yore to be the measure of my life.

‘It so befell that I was in the act of slaying Clymenus, the valiant son of Daïpylus, a warrior of noble mien, whom I had overtaken in front of the walls,—for our foes were in flight to their ancient city of Pleuron ;— when the sweet life grew faint within me, and I knew that my strength was ebbing away. Ah me! and as I drew my latest breath, I wept, hapless one, at passing from my glorious youth.’

155φασὶν ἀδεισιβόαν Ἀμφιτρύωνος παῖδα μοῦνον δὴ τότε τέγξαι βλέφαρον, ταλαπενθ έο ς πότμον οἰκτίροντα φωτός· καί νιν ἀμειβόμενος 160τοῖʼ ἔφα· θνατοῖσι μὴ φῦναι φέριστον, μηδʼ ἀελίου προσιδεῖν φέγγος· ἀλλʼ οὐ γάρ τίς ἐστιν πρᾶξις τάδε μυρομένοις, χρὴ κεῖνο λέγειν ὅ,τι καὶ μέλλει τελεῖν. 165ἦ ῥα τις ἐν μεγάροις Οἰνῆος ἀρηϊφίλου ἔστιν ἀδμήτα θυγάτρων, σοὶ φυὰν ἀλιγκία; τάν κεν λιπαρὰν ἐθέλων θείμαν ἄκοιτιν. 170τὸν δὲ μενεπτολέμου ψυχὰ προσέφα Μελεά- γρου· λίπον χλωραύχενα ἐν δώμασι Δαϊάνειραν,

’Tis said that then, and then alone, tears came to the eyes of Amphitryon’s intrepid son, in pity for the ill-fated hero’s doom ; and he answered him with such words as these: ‘It were best for mortals that they had never been born, and never looked upon the sunlight. But, seeing that these laments avail not, a man should speak of that which he can hope to accomplish. In the halls of the warrior Oeneus is there a maiden among his daughters like in form to thee? Fain were I to make her my queenly bride.’

And to him spake the spirit of Meleager steadfast in war: ‘I left Deianeira at home, in the fresh bloom of youth,

174νῆϊν ἔτι χρυσέας 175Κύπριδος θελξιμβρότου. λευκώλενε Καλλιόπα, στᾶσον εὐποίητον ἅρμα αὐτοῦ· Δία τε Κρονίδαν ὕμνησον Ὀλύμπιον ἀρχαγὸν θεῶν, 180τόν τʼ ἀκαμαντορόαν Ἀλφ εό ν, Πέλοπός τε βίαν, καὶ Πίσαν, ἔνθʼ ὁ κλεεννὸς ποσσὶ νικάσας δρόμῳ ἦλθ]εν Φερένικος ἐς εὐπύργους Συρακόσ- 185σας Ἱέρωνι φέρων εὐδ]αιμονίας πέταλον.

a stranger still to golden Aphrodite the enchantress.’

White-armed Calliope, stay thy well-wrought chariot there ; and now sing Zeus, son of Cronus, Olympian ruler of the gods,— and Alpheus, of untiring stream, with mighty Pelops, and Pisa, where the famed Pherenicus prevailed by his speed in the race, ere he returned to the embattled walls of Syracuse, bringing Hieron the leaf of good fortune.

187χρὴ δʼ ἀλαθείας χάριν αἰνεῖν, φθόνον ἀμφοτέραισιν χερσὶν ἀπωσάμενον, 190εἴ τις εὖ πράσσοι βροτῶν. Βοιωτὸς ἀνὴρ τᾷδε φών[ησεν, γλυκειᾶν Ἡσίοδος πρόπολος Μουσᾶν, ὃν ἂν ἀθάνατοι τι[μῶσι, τούτῳ καὶ βροτῶν φήμαν ἕπ[εσθαι. 195πείθομαι εὐμαρέως

We must give praise, for truth’s sake, and thrust envy away from us with might and main, if any man should prosper.

Thus spake the Boeotian, Hesiod, servant of the sweet Muses: ‘Whomsoever the immortals honour, the good report

196εὐκλ έα κελεύθου γλῶσσαν οὐ[κ ἐκτὸς δίκας πέμπειν Ἱέρωνι· τόθεν γὰρ πυθμένες θάλλουσιν ἐσθλ[ῶν, τοὺς ὁ μεγιστοπάτωρ 200Ζεὺς ἀκινήτους ἐν εἰρήν[ᾳ φυλάσσοι.

to send Hieron the song that tells forth his fame, without swerving from the path of justice; for by such praise it is that happy fortunes, once firmly planted, flourish: and may Zeus, the supreme father, guard them steadfast in peace.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Sir Richard C. Jebb (1905). Original text: Sir Richard C. Jebb (ed.), Bacchylides: The Poems and Fragments, Cambridge University Press, 1905 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library, Greek text); translation public domain (OCR from the Internet Archive scan). Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.