Bacchylides · Epinicians (Odes of Victory) Ἐπίνικοι

Bacchylides, Epinicians (Odes of Victory) 9.1–104: Ode 9: Automedes of Phlius, pentathlon at Nemea

The poet calls on the Graces to help him sing of Phlius and of Nemea, where Hera reared the lion that Heracles was to overcome and the Argive heroes held the first games in memory of Archemorus. He praises Automedes, who outshone his rivals in the pentathlon, and sings the river Asopus and its daughters, the brides of gods. The middle of the ode is restored from fragments. It ends with the city that Zeus granted to the people of Phlius and with Automedes, son of Timoxenus.

Lines 9.1–104 · 714 words · click a number to copy its link
1δόξαν, ὦ χρυσαλάκατοι Χάριτες, πεισίμβροτον δοίητʼ, ἐπεὶ Μουσᾶν γε ϝιοβλεφάρων θεῖος προφάτας εὔτυκος Φλειοῦντά τε καὶ Νεμεαίου 5Ζηνὸς εὐθαλὲς πέδον ὑμνεῖν, ὅθι μηλοδαΐκταν θρέψεν ἁ λευκώλενος Ἥρα περικλειτῶν ἀέθλων πρῶτον Ἡρακλεῖ βαρύφθογγον λέοντα. 10κεῖ[θι φοι]νικάσπιδες ἡμίθεοι

Graces of the golden distaff, may ye grant the charm that wins mortal ears; for the inspired prophet of the violet-eyed Muses is ready to sing Phlius and the verdure-clad domain of Nemean Zeus; where white-armed Hera nourished the deep-voiced lion, slayer of sheep, first of the foes on whom Heracles was to win renown.

There the heroes with red shields,

11πρώτιστον Ἀργείων κριτοὶ ἄθλησαν ἐπʼ Ἀρχεμόρῳ, τὸν ξανθοδερκὴς πέφνʼ ἀωτεύοντα δράκων ὑπέροπλος, σᾶμα μέλλοντος φόνου. 15ὦ μοῖρα πολυκρατές· οὔ νιν πεῖθʼ Ὀϊκλείδας πάλιν στείχειν ἐς εὐάνδρους ἀγυιάς. ἐλπὶς ἀνθρώπων ὑφαιρ[εῖται νόημ]α ἃ καὶ τότʼ Ἄδραστον Ταλ[αϊονίδαν

the flower of the Argives, held the earliest games, in memory of Archemorus, who was slain in his sleep by the huge dragon with fiery eyes, an omen of slaughter to come. Ah, Fate of mighty power! The son of Oicles could not persuade them to return to the streets of the good city. Hope robs men of prudent thoughts,— she who then sent Adrastus son of Talaüs

20πέμπεν ἐς Θήβας Πολυνείκεϊ πλα[γκτῷ] πρόξεν[ον. κείνων ἀπʼ εὐδόξων ἀγώνων ἐν Νεμ έᾳ κλεινοὶ βροτῶν οἳ τριέτει στεφάνῳ ξανθὰν ἐρέψωνται κόμαν. 25Αὐτομήδει νῦν γε νικά- σαντί νιν δαίμων ἔδωκεν. πενταέθλοισιν γὰρ ἐνέπρεπεν ὡς ἄστρων διακρίνει φάη νυκτὸς διχομήνιδος εὐφεγγὴς σελάνα· 30τοῖος Ἑλλάνων διʼ ἀπείρονα κύκλον φαῖνε θαυμαστὸν δέμας, δισκὸν τροχοειδέα ῥίπτων, καὶ μελαμφύλλου κλάδον ἀκτ έα ς ἐς αἰπεινὰν προπέμπων 35αἰθέρʼ ἐκ χειρὸς βοὰν ὤτρυνε λαῶν,

to Thebes, as patron of the exile Polyneices.

Illustrious are the mortals who, from those famous contests at Nemea, crown golden hair with the triennial wreath. To Automedes the god has now given it for his victory.

For he shone among his rivals in the pentathlon as the brilliant moon of the mid-month night makes the rays of the stars seem pale beside her own. Even thus, amidst the vast concourse of the Greeks, showed he his wondrous form, as he threw the round quoit, and roused the shouts of the people when he sped the branch of the dark-leaved elder-tree from his hand to the high heaven,

36ἢ τελευταίας ἀμάρυγμα πάλας· τοιῷ[δʼ ὑπερθύ]μῳ σ[θένε]ι γυια[λκέα σώ]ματα [πρὸς γ]αίᾳ πελάσσας ἵκετʼ [Ἀσωπὸ]ν παρὰ πορφυροδίναν, 40τοῦ κ[λέος π]ᾶσαν χθόνα ἦλθε[ν καὶ] ἐπʼ ἔσχατα Νείλου· ταί τʼ ἐπʼ ε[ὐν]αεῖ πόρῳ οἰκεῦσι Θερμώδοντος, ἐγχ έω ν ἵστορες κοῦραι διωξίπποιʼ Ἄρηος, 45σῶν, ὦ πολυζήλωτε ϝάναξ ποταμῶν, ἐγγόνων γεύσαντο, καὶ ὑψιπύλου Τροίας ἕδος. στείχει διʼ εὐρείας κελεύθου μυρία παντᾷ φάτις σᾶς γενεᾶς λιπαρο- 50ζώνων θυγάτρων, ἃς θεοὶ

or put forth his flashing swiftness of movement in the wrestling-match at the end. Such was the mighty spirit and strength with which he brought stalwart forms to earth, ere he returned to the Asopus with dark-eddying tide; that river whose fame has gone out into all lands, even to the uttermost regions of the Nile.

Yea, the maidens who dwell by the fair-flowing stream of Thermodon, the skilled spear-women, daughters of horse-urging Ares, have tasted the valour of thy descendants, O thrice-glorious lord of streams: Troy also has known it, city of lofty gates.

The vast fame of thy children goes forth on a wide path in every land,—those bright-girdled daughters whom the gods

51σὺν τύχαις ᾤκισσαν ἀρχα- γοὺς ἀπορθήτων ἀγυιᾶν. τίς γὰρ οὐκ οἶδεν κυανοπλοκάμου Θήβας ἐΰδμ[ατον πόλι]ν, 55ἢ τὰν μεγαλώνυ]μον Αἴγιναν, μεγίστου Ζηνὸς ἃ πλαθεῖσα λέ]χει τέκεν ἥρω ¯ δ̣ε̣σ̣ω̣ ¯ ¯ ου· ὃς γ]ᾶς βασά[νοισιν Ἀχ]αιῶν ¯ ˘ ¯ × ¯ ˘ ¯ 60¯ ¯ ˘ ¯ ¯ ¯ ˘ ¯ ¯ α[˘ ¯ ¯ ¯ ˘ ε]ὔπ[ε]πλον [ ἠ[δὲ Πειράν]αν ἑλικοστέφα[νον κ[ούραν, ὅ]σαι τʼ ἄλλαι θεῶν ε̣[ὐναῖς ἐδ]άμησαν ἀριγνώτοις π[α]λαι[οῦ 65παῖδες αἰ]δ̣οῖαι ποταμοῦ κελάδοντος· ¯˘¯¯]αν πόλιν ¯¯˘˘¯]σί τε νίκα[ς ¯˘¯ αὐ]λῶν βοαὶ σύμφωνα πνείο]υσαι· με[γίστου 70¯˘¯¯¯˘¯¯¯˘¯]α̣ν· ¯¯˘¯¯¯˘˘¯˘]νέος

established, with happy fortunes, as ancestral heroines of cities which should defy the spoiler.

Who does not know the well-built town of dark-haired Thebe ? Or Aegina of glorious name, who in wedlock with mighty Zeus bore the hero (Aeacus)? … fair-robed Cleone, and Peirene with diadem on her brows, and all those other gracious daughters of the ancient river-god, lord of sounding waters, who became the illustrious brides of gods.

[ Verses 66—81, as partially restored. Now is the ancient city of Asopus filled with revelry for victory, and with the blended strains of flutes and lyres....It is meet to hymn first the majesty of great Zeus and Hera;

72χρ]υσέα[ν προσ]θέντα ϝιόπλοκον εὖ εἰπεῖν [κόραν, καὶ μ]ατ[έρʼ ἀγ]νάμπτων ἐρώτων ¯ ˘ ¯ κλε]ινὰν βροτο[ῖς 75¯ ˘ ˘ ¯ ˘]λέων ¯ ¯ ˘ ¯ ¯ ¯ ˘ ¯ ¯ ˘ ¯ νασι]ώταν ¯ ˘ ¯ ¯ ¯ ˘]ν ὕμνον, ¯ ˘ ¯ ¯ ¯] καὶ ἀποφθιμένῳ 80τὸν πάντʼ ἐς ἄτ]ρυτον χρόνον, καὶ τοῖς ἐπιγ]ιγνομένοις αἰεὶ πιφαύσκοι σὰν Νε]μέᾳ νίκαν· τό [γέ] τοι καλὸν ἔργον γνησίων ὕμνων τυχὸν ὑψοῦ παρὰ δαίμοσι κεῖται· 85σὺν δʼ ἀλαθείᾳ βροτῶν κάλλιστον, εἴπ[ερ καὶ θάνῃ τις, λείπεται Μουσᾶν [˘¯¯¯ ἄθυ]ρμα. εἰσὶ δʼ ἀνθρ[ώπων ˘˘¯˘˘¯ πολλαί· διακρίνει δὲ θ εῶ ν 90βουλὰ [τὸ καλυπτό]μενον νυκτὸς [δνόφοισιν· !]!!![˘¯¯¯˘]γε καὶ τὸν ἀρείω ¯˘¯¯¯˘]που. ¯¯˘˘¯˘˘]εύσων ¯˘¯¯¯˘¯ 95¯¯˘¯¯¯˘ π]αύροις ἀν]δρ[άσιν ¯¯˘¯¯¯]ι̣ τὸ μέλλον· !!]ι̣μιω̣[¯¯˘ ἔδ]ωκε χάριν

then also to praise Hebe, daughter of mighty Zeus, maiden divinely fair, with violet locks,—and the Mother of the pitiless Loves.......

Automedes, we have brought thee the song of the island Muse, which shall remain for thee, in thy life and after thy death, for endless years, to tell all generations of thy victory at Nemea. ]

A goodly deed that has won the strains of a true poet is laid up on high with the gods. When mortal lips give honest praise, there is a glory that survives death in song, the joy of the [glorious] Muses.

[In verses 88—104 the general sense is fairly clear: the details are partly conjectural.] There are many paths for the excellences of men: but it is the counsel of the gods that decides what is veiled in the gloom of night. [The weaker man and the stronger are alike led on their way by the doom of Zeus the thunderer. Who is to put forth high deeds, and who is to fail, is a secret, till they come to the trial;] and to few mortals have the Fates granted the gift of conjecturing the future.

98κ]αὶ Διων[ύσου Κρονίδας] θεοτίματον πόλιν ναίειν ἀπο[ρθήτους θαλ]εῦντας· 100χρυσεοσκάπτρ[ου Διὸς ὅς] τι καλὸν φέ[ρεται, πᾶς αἰ]νέοι· Τιμοξ[ένου πα]ιδὶ σὺν κώ[μοις ἁμαρ- τ[έ]ο]ιτε πεντ[άθλου ϝέκατι.

To you (of Phlius), for the sake of Demeter and of Dionysus, the son of Cronus has granted to dwell in a god-honoured city, unravaged and prosperous. When a man wins a meed of honour from golden-sceptred Zeus, let all give praise:—attend ye with festal songs on the son of Timoxenus, for his victory in the pentathlon.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Sir Richard C. Jebb (1905). Original text: Sir Richard C. Jebb (ed.), Bacchylides: The Poems and Fragments, Cambridge University Press, 1905 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library, Greek text); translation public domain (OCR from the Internet Archive scan). Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.