Bacchylides · Epinicians (Odes of Victory) Ἐπίνικοι

Bacchylides, Epinicians (Odes of Victory) 12.1–14.23: Odes 12–14: Pytheas of Aegina and the Aeacidae; Cleoptolemus of Thessaly

Ode 12 asks Cleio to guide the poet to Aegina and to a wrestler's victory at Nemea, but only its opening survives. Ode 13, for Pytheas of Aegina, shows Heracles, the descendant of Perseus, mastering the Nemean lion, praises Aegina and her heroes Peleus, Telamon, Achilles and Ajax, and tells how Achilles' anger let the Trojans drive the Greeks to their ships until Ajax stopped Hector. It ends with praise of the trainer Menander and of the host Lampon. Ode 14 reflects that fortune can crush or exalt a man before honouring Cleoptolemus of Thessaly and the domain of Poseidon Petraios.

Lines 12.1–14.23 · 1194 words · click a number to copy its link
1ὡσεὶ κυβερνήτας σοφός, ὑμνοάνασ- σʼ εὔθυνε Κλειοῖ νῦν φρένας ἁμετέρας, εἰ δή ποτε καὶ πάρος· ἐς γὰρ ὀλβίαν

Like a skilful pilot, guide thou my thoughts, Cleio, queen of song,

5ξείνοισί με πότνια Νίκα νᾶσον Αἰγίνας ἀπάρχει ἐλθόντα κοσμῆσαι θεόδματον πόλιν· τάν τʼ ἐν Νεμέᾳ γυιαλκέα μουνοπάλαν ξεινου̣ [!!!!]νιοι αστ[ׯ˘¯ 35ἀμφικ[τιόν]ω̣ν ἐν ἀέθλοι̣[ς σὺν τρι[άκο]ντʼ ἀ̣γλααῖσιν νίκαις [ἐκ]ωμάσθησαν οἱ μει̣[¯˘¯, οἱ δʼ ἐν Πέλοπος ζ̣α̣θέας νάσου π[ι]τυώδεϊ δείρᾳ, 40οἱ δὲ φοινικοστερόπα τεμένει Ζηνὸς Νεμ εαί ου· . . . (.)] ταύτας̣ καὶ ἐπʼ ἀργυροδίνα

now if ever before; for divine Victory leads the way, bidding me go to Aegina’s happy isle, in honour of hospitable friends, and do grace to that god-built city, and to the sinewy strife of the wrestler at Nemea....

8¯ ˘ ˘ ¯ ˘ ˘ ¯ ¯ ¯ ˘ ˘ ¯ ˘ ˘ λειω 10¯ ˘ ˘ ¯ ˘ ˘ ¯ ¯ ´ ̣ ε̣ρ̣[ ¯ ˘ ˘ ¯ ˘ ˘ ¯ ¯ ¯ ˘ ¯ ¯ ¯ ˘ ¯ δαν· ὕβριος ὑψινόου 45παύσει, δίκας θνατοῖσι κραίνων·

..."He shall stay them from their arrogant violence, confirming the reign of law for mortals.

46οἵαν τινὰ δύσλοφον ὠ- μηστᾷ λέοντι Περσείδας ἐφίησι ν χεῖρα παντοίαισι τέχναις· 50οὐ γὰρ] δαμασίμβροτος αἴθων χαλ]κὸς ἀπλάτου θέλει χωρε]ῖν διὰ σώματος, ἐ- γνάμ]φθη δʼ ὀπίσσω φάσγα]νον· ἦ ποτέ φαμι 55τᾷδε] περὶ στεφάνοισι παγκ]ρατίου πόνον Ἑλ- λάνεσσι]ν ἱδρώεντʼ ἔσεσθαι. ὃς νῦν παρ]ὰ βωμὸν ἀριστάρχου Διὸς Νίκας ἐ]ρ[ικ]υδέος ἀν- 60δεθε]ῖσιν ἄνθ εα , χρυσέ]αν δόξαν πολύφαντον ἐν αἰ- ῶνι] τρέφει παύροις βροτῶν αἰ]εί, καὶ ὅταν θανάτοιο κυάν εο ν νέφος καλύψῃ, λείπεται 65ἀθάνατον κλέος εὖ ἐρ- χθέντος ἀσφαλεῖ σὺν αἴσᾳ.

‘See how that scion of Perseus, skilled in every resource, lays a crushing hand on the savage lion; for the gleaming bronze, slayer of men, refuses to pierce the dread monster’s body ; the sword was bent back.

‘Verily I prophesy that here the Greeks shall strive for wreaths in the strenuous toil of the pancration.’

And now, for those who have been crowned with the flowers of glorious Victory at the altar of Zeus the peerless king, that toil nourishes a golden renown, conspicuous in their life-time evermore ; few are they among men. And when the dark cloud of death enfolds them, there remains the undying fame of a deed bravely done, with a fortune that can fail no more.

67τῶν καὶ σὺ τυχὼν Νεμέᾳ, Λάμπωνος υἱέ, πανθαλ έω ν στεφάνοισιν 70ἀνθέων] χαίταν ἐρεφθείς, !!!!!!] πόλιν ὑψιάγυιαν !!!!!!! τε]ρψιμβρότων ![!!!!!!!!!] ἁβ̣[ροπν]όων κώμων πατρῴαν 75νᾶσον, ὑπέρβιον ἰσχὺν παμμαχιᾶν ἀναφαίνων. ὦ ποταμοῦ θύγατερ δινᾶντος Αἴγινʼ ἠπιόφρον, ἦ τοι μεγάλαν [Κρονίδας 80ἔδωκε τιμὰν ἐν πάντεσσιν [ἀγῶσιν,, πυρσὸν ὣς Ἕλλ[ασι ¯× φαίνων· τό γε σὸ[ν κλέος αἰ]νεῖ καί τις ὑψαυχὴς κό[ρα, 85¯¯˘˘¯˘˘ ραν πόδεσσι ταρφ έω [ς,

Such honours thou also, son of Lampon, hast won at Nemea; wreaths of luxuriant flowers have crowned thy head; for the glory of the stately city, amidst the gladdening sound of flutes and the choice strains of festal companies, thou hast returned to thy native isle, illustrating her pre-eminent strength in the feats of the pancration.

O daughter of the eddying river, Aegina of gentle soul, verily the son of Cronus has given thee honour in all contests, making it to shine everywhere as a beacon-light for the Greeks. Yea, and thy glory is a theme for the high vaunt of some maiden, as oft with her white feet she moves o’er thy sacred soil,

87ἠΰτε νεβρὸς ἀπενθής, ἀνθεμόεντας ἐπʼ [ὄχθους κοῦφα σὺν ἀγχιδό[μοις 90θρῴσκουσʼ ἀγακλειτα[ῖς ἑταίραις· ταὶ δὲ στεφανωσάμε[ναι πλόκοις ν]έων ἀνθ έω ν δόνακός τʼ ἐ[πιχω- ρίαν ἄθυρσιν παρθένοι μέλπουσι τ[εὸν κράτος], ὦ 95δέσποινα παγξε[ίνου χθονός, Ἐνδαΐδα τε ῥοδό[παχυν, ἃ τ[ὸν ἱππευτὰ]ν ἔτ[ικτε Πηλέα καὶ Τελαμῶνα [κρα]τ̣[α]ι̣όν, Αἰακῷ μειχθεῖσʼ ἐν ε[ὐναῖς· 100τῶν θʼ υἷας ἀερσιμάχους, ταχύν τʼ Ἀχιλλ έα εὐειδ έο ς τʼ Ἐριβοίας παῖδʼ ὑπέρθυμον βοα[θ όο ν Αἴαντα σακεσφόρον ἥ[ρω,

bounding lightly as a joyous fawn towards the flowery hills, with her glorious neighbours and companions.

And when they have crowned themselves with wreaths of young flowers and of reeds, in the festive fashion of their isle, they hymn thy power, O queen of a thrice-hospitable land. They sing also of Endeis with rosy arms, who in wedlock with Aeacus bare chariot-driving Peleus, and the warrior Telamon ; and also of their sons, the kindlers of battle, swift Achilles, and fair Eriboea’s offspring, the great-hearted helper at need, Ajax, shield-bearing hero ;

105ὅς τʼ ἐπὶ πρύμνᾳ σταθεὶς ἔσχεν θρασυκάρδιον [ὁρ- μαίνοντα ν[ᾶας θεσπεσίῳ πυ[ρὶ καῦσαι Ἕκτορα χαλ[κεομίτρα]ν, 110ὁππότε Π[ηλεΐδας τραχεῖαν [Ἀργείοισι μ]ᾶνιν ὠρίνατ[ο, Δαρδανίδας τʼ ἔλυσεν ἄ[τας· οἳ πρὶν μὲν [πολύπυργο]ν 115Ἰλίου θαητὸν ἄστυ οὐ λεῖπον, ἀτυζόμενοι [δὲ πτ]ᾶσσον ὀξεῖαν μάχαν, εὖτʼ ἐν πεδίῳ κλονέων μαίνοιτʼ Ἀχιλλεύς, 120λαοφόνον δόρυ σείων· ἀλλʼ ὅτε δὴ πολέμοιο λῆξεν ἰοστεφάνου Νηρῇδος ἀτρόμητος υἱός· ὥστʼ ἐν κυανανθέϊ Θ[ρᾳκὶ ναυβάτας 125πόντῳ βορέας ὑπὸ κύ- μασιν δαΐζει νυκτὸς ἀντάσας, ἀνατ[ελλομένᾳ

who stood at his vessel’s stern, and stopped bold Hector, the bronze-girdled, when he was rushing on to burn the ships with dread fire ; what time the son of Peleus had set up his fierce wrath against the Greeks, and had given the children of Dardanus a respite from doom.

Hitherto they had forborne to leave the goodly town of many-towered Ilion, and had shrunk in dismay from the keen fight, so oft as furious Achilles, brandishing his deadly spear, made turmoil in the plain. But when at last the intrepid son of the violet-crowned Nereid had ceased from war,— as Boreas, on the dark Thracian sea, falls in with mariners by night and buffets them with billows,

128λῆξεν δὲ σὺν φ αε σιμβρότῳ ἀοῖ, στόρεσεν δέ τε πόντον 130οὐρία· νότου δὲ κόλπ[ωσαν πνοᾷ ἱστίον, ἁρπαλέως τʼ ἄ- ελπτον ἐξίκοντο χέρσον· ὣς Τρῶες, ἐπεὶ κλύον αἰ- χματὰν Ἀχιλλ έα 135μίμνοντʼ ἐν κλισίῃσιν εἵνεκεν ξανθᾶς γυναικός, Βρισηΐδος ἱμερογυίου, θ εο ῖσιν ἄντειναν χέρας, φοιβὰν ἐσιδόντες ὑπαὶ 140χειμῶνος αἴγλαν· πασσυδίᾳ δὲ λιπόντες τείχεα Λαομέδοντος

but ceases with the rise of light-bringing dawn, when a gentle breeze smooths the deep, and the breath of the south-wind swells their sail, till they joyfully reach the land for which they had ceased to hope,— even so, when the Trojans heard that the warrior Achilles was tarrying in his tent on account of Briseis, the golden-haired, the lovely, they lifted up their hands to the gods ; for now they saw a bright gleam of sunshine from under the shadow of the storm.

Leaving the walls of Laomedon with all their forces,

143ἐς πεδίον κρατερὰν ἄϊξαν ὑσμίναν φέροντες· 145ὦρσάν τε φόβον Δαναοῖς· ὤτρυνε δʼ Ἄρης εὐεγχής, Λυκίων τε Λοξίας ἄναξ Ἀπόλλων· ἷξόν τʼ ἐπὶ θῖνα θαλάσσας· 150ναυσὶ δʼ εὐπύμνοις παραὶ μάρναντʼ, ἐναριζομένων δʼ ἔρ]ευθε φώτων αἵμα]τι γαῖα μέλαινα Ἑκτορ]έας ὑπὸ χειρός, 155πῆμα μ]έγʼ ἡμιθέοις !!!!!] ἰσοθ έω ν διʼ ὁρμάν. !!!!!]ρονες, ἦ μεγάλαισιν ἐλπίσιν !!!!]οντες ὑπερφίαλον [ׯ˘¯¯] 160!!!!]ς ἱππευταὶ κυανώπιδας ἐκ- ¯¯˘¯¯¯] νέας ¯¯˘˘ εἰλα]πίνας τʼ ἐν ἁμέ]ρ[α]ις ἕξειν θεόδματον πόλιν.

they rushed into the plain, intent on stubborn strife, and roused terror in the Danai; while Ares of the mighty spear urged them on, and the lord of the Lycians, the soothsayer, Apollo.

So they came to the seashore, and fought at the sterns of the good ships; and the black earth grew red with the blood of men slain by Hector’s hand; a grievous woe for the heroes, through the keen onset of their godlike foes.

Hapless ones! Uplifted in spirit by great hopes, the chariot-borne warriors of Troy were sure that they would sack the dark-prowed ships of the Greeks, and that in a few days dancing and feasting would be the portion of their god-built city.

164μέλλον ἄρα πρότερον δι- 165νᾶντα φοινίξειν Σκάμανδρον, θνᾴσκοντες ὑπʼ Αἰακίδαις ἐρειψ[ιτ]ο̣ί ̣[χοις· τῶν εἰ καὶ τ[˘˘¯¯ ἢ βαθυξύλω[ι˘¯¯ 175οὐ γὰρ ἀλα[μπέσ]ι νυ[κτὸς πασιφανὴς Ἀρετὰ κρυφθεῖσʼ ἀμαυρο[ῦται δνόφοισιν, ἀλλʼ ἔμπεδον ἀκ[αμάτᾳ βρύουσα δόξᾳ 180στρωφᾶται κατὰ γᾶν [τε καὶ πολυπλάγκταν θ[άλασσαν. καὶ μὰν φερεκυδέα ν[ᾶσον Αἰακοῦ τιμᾷ, σὺν Εὐ- κλείᾳ δὲ φιλοστεφ[άνῳ 185πόλιν κυβερνᾷ, Εὐνομία τε σαόφρων,

Ah, they were doomed, or ever that should be, to redden the eddying Scamander with their blood, as they fell under the hands of the death-dealing Aeacidae.

And if [the bodies] of the Aeacidae [have perished, burnt] on high-built pyre [or buried in the tomb, yet their names live for ever…].

For shining Virtue can never be hid from view in the murky shades of night ; hers is the unfading flower of a steadfast fame ; she goes abroad over the earth, and with the wanderers on the sea.

And verily she honours the renowned isle of Aeacus; with Eucleia, to whom wreaths are dear, she rules that city ;

187ἃ θαλίας τε λέλογχεν ἄστεά τʼ εὐσεβέων ἀνδρῶν ἐν εἰρήνᾳ φυλάσσει· 190νίκαν τʼ ἐρικυδέα μέλπετʼ, ὦ νέοι, Πυθ έα , μελέταν τε βροτω- φελ έα Μενάνδρου, τὰν ἐπʼ Ἀλφειοῦ τε ῥοαῖς θαμὰ δὴ τίμασεν ἁ χρυσάρματος 195σεμνὰ μεγάθυμος Ἀθάνα, μυρίων τʼ ἤδη μίτραισιν ἀνέρων ἐστεφάνωσεν ἐθείρας ἐν πανελλάνων ἀέθλοις. εἰ μή τινα θερσιεπὴς 200φθόνος βιᾶται, αἰνείτω σοφὸν ἄνδρα σὺν δίκᾳ. βροτῶν δὲ μῶμος πάντεσσι μέν ἐστιν ἐπʼ ἔργοις·

as doth also temperate Eunomia, to whom festivities belong, and who keeps the towns of pious men in peace.

Sing, O youths, the glorious victory of Pytheas, and the helpful care of the trainer Menander: oft has that care been honoured on the banks of Alpheus by Athena of the golden chariot, majestic queen of lofty soul, when ere now she has set garlands on the heads of countless men at the great games of Hellas.

Let those who are not thralls of bold-tongued Envy give just praise to a master of his art. Disparagement waits on every work of man:

204ἁ δʼ ἀλαθεία φιλεῖ 205νικᾶν, ὅ τε πανδαμάτωρ χρόνος τὸ καλῶς ἐ]ργμένον αἰὲν ἀ[έξει· δυσμενέων δὲ μα[ταία γλῶσσʼ ἀϊδ]ὴς μιν[ύθει 220ἐλπίδι θυμὸν ἰαίνει· τᾷ καὶ ἐγὼ πίσυνο[ς φοινικοκραδέμνοισ[ι Μούσαις ὕμνων τινὰ τάνδε ν[εόπλοκον δόσιν φαίνω, ξενίαν τε [φιλά- 225γλαον γεραίρω, τὰν ἐμοὶ Λάμπων [παρέχων χάριν οὐ βληχρὰν ἐπαθρήσαις τ[ίει, τὰν εἴ γʼ ἐτύμως ἄρα Κλειὼ

but truth is wont to prevail; and all-subduing time ever strengthens the repute of fine achievement. The vain speech of foes covertly detracts [from worth; but fails in the end...]

[Every one who works aright at his appointed task] has a hope to cheer his heart. With such hope I also, trusting in the Muses of purple kerchief, now present a gift of newly-woven song; thus honouring the splendid hospitality shown to me by Lampon, his tribute to the Muse’s charm, not slight, which has found favour in his eyes. And if it be indeed radiant Cleio

229πανθαλὴς ἐμαῖς ἐνέσταξ[εν φρασίν, 230τερψιεπεῖς νιν ἀοιδαὶ παντὶ καρύξοντι λαῷ.

who has imbued my spirit with that charm, sweet will be the strains that tell forth his name to all the folk.

1εὖ μὲν εἱμάρθαι παρὰ δαί[μονος ἀν- θρώποις ἄριστον· συμφορὰ δʼ ἐσθλόν τʼ ἀμαλδύ- νει βαρύτλατος μολοῦσα· 5κἀγατ]ὸν ἰδʼ ὑψιφανῆ τε[ύ- χει κ]ατορθωθεῖσα· τιμὰν δʼ ἄλ]λος ἀλλοίαν ἔχει· μυρί]αι δʼ ἀνδρῶν ἀρεταί, μία δʼ ἐ[κ πασᾶ]ν πρόκειται,

A happy destiny is heaven’s best gift to mortals. Fortune can crush worth, if she comes fraught with suffering; she can make a man admired and eminent, if her course be prosperous. The honour won by men takes various shapes: the forms of human excellence are countless; but one merit has the foremost place among all,—

10ὃς τὸ] πὰρ χειρὸς κυβερνᾶ- ται δι]καίαισι φρένεσσιν. οὔτʼ ἐ]ν βαρυπενθέσιν ἁρμό- ζει μ]άχαις φόρμιγγος ὀμφὰ καὶ λι]γυκλαγγεῖς χοροί, 15οὔτʼ ἐ]ν θαλίαις καναχὰ χαλκ]όκτυπος· ἀλλʼ ἐφʼ ἑκάστῳ καιρὸς] ἀνδρῶν ἔργματι κάλ- λιστος· εὖ ἔρδοντα δὲ καὶ θεὸς ὀ[ρθοῖ. Κλεοπτολέμῳ δὲ χάριν 20νῦν χρὴ Ποσειδᾶνός τε Πετραί- ου τέμενος κελαδῆσαι, Πυρρίχου τʼ εὔδοξον ἱππόν[ικον υἱόν, ὃς φιλοξείνου τε καὶ ὀρθοδ[ίκου

his, who is guided by just thoughts in each thing that his hand finds to do.

The voice of the lyre, the clear strains of choral song, accord not with the grievous stress of battle, as the clash of arms has no place amidst festivity. To every work of man the fitting season lends the fairest grace; and heaven prospers him who works aright.

Now, in tribute to Cleoptolemus, ’tis meet to celebrate the sacred domain of Poseidon Petraios, and the glorious son of Pyrrhichus, victor in the chariot-race...

People and places in this passage

English translation by Sir Richard C. Jebb (1905). Original text: Sir Richard C. Jebb (ed.), Bacchylides: The Poems and Fragments, Cambridge University Press, 1905 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library, Greek text); translation public domain (OCR from the Internet Archive scan). Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.