Ovid · Fasti Fasti

Ovid, Fasti 4.502–620: Fasti 4: Demeter (Ceres) and Persephone (Proserpina) (2): Eleusis and the return

Demeter (Ceres) reaches Attica and is received by old Celeus and his daughter. She tries to make the sick child Triptolemus immortal in the fire, but his mother interrupts. She searches the world, learns from the Sun that Hades has Persephone, and appeals to Zeus (Jupiter). Hermes (Mercury) reports the pomegranate seeds, and Persephone is to spend six months in heaven.

Lines 4.502–620 · 1297 words · click a number to copy its link
502sic venit ad portus, Attica terra, tuos. hic primum sedit gelido maestissima saxo: illud Cecropidae nunc quoque triste vocant. 505sub Iove duravit multis inmota diebus, et lunae patiens et pluvialis aquae, fors sua cuique loco est: quod nunc Cerialis Eleusin dicitur, hoc Celei rura fuere senis. ille domum glandes excussaque mora rubetis 510portat et arsuris arida ligna focis. filia parva duas redigebat monte capellas, et tener in cunis filius aeger erat. mater! ait virgo (mota est dea nomine matris) quid facis in solis incomitata locis? 515restitit et senior, quamvis onus urget, et orat, tecta suae subeat quantulacumque casae. illa negat, simularat anum mitraque capillos presserat. instanti talia dicta refert: ‘sospes eas semperque parens! mihi filia rapta est. 520heu, melior quanto sors tua sorte mea est!’ dixit, et ut lacrimae (neque enim lacrimare deorum est) decidit in tepidos lucida gutta sinus, flent pariter molles animis virgoque senexque; e quibus haec iusti verba fuere senis: 525‘sic tibi, quam raptam quaeris, sit filia sospes, surge nec exiguae despice tecta casae.’ cui dea duc! inquit scisti, qua cogere posses, seque levat saxo subsequiturque senem, dux comiti narrat, quam sit sibi filius aeger 530nec capiat somnos invigiletque malis. illa soporiferum, parvos initura penates, colligit agresti lene papaver humo; dum legit, oblito fertur gustasse palato longamque imprudens exsoluisse famem. 535quae quia principio posuit ieiunia noctis, tempus habent mystae sidera visa cibi. limen ut intravit, luctus videt omnia plena: iam spes in puero nulla salutis erat.

Thus she came to thy havens, land of Attica. There for the first time she sat her down most rueful on a cold stone: that stone even now the Cecropids call the Sorrowful. For many days she tarried motionless under the open sky, patiently enduring the moonlight and the rain. Not a place but has its own peculiar destiny: what now is named the Eleusis of Ceres was then the plot of land of aged Celeus. He carried home acorns and blackberries, knocked from bramble bushes, and dry wood to feed the blazing hearth. A little daughter drove two nanny-goats back from the mountain, and an infant son was sick in his cradle. “Mother,” said the maid—the goddess was touched by the name of mother—“what dost thou all alone in solitary places?” The old man, too, halted, despite the load he bore, and prayed that she would pass beneath the roof of his poor cottage. She refused. She had disguised herself as an old dame and covered her hair with a cap. When he pressed her, she answered thus: “Be happy! may a parent’s joy be thine for ever! My daughter has been taken from me. Alas! how much better is thy lot than mine!” She spoke, and like a tear (for gods can never weep) a crystal drop fell on her bosom warm. They wept with her, those tender hearts, the old man and the maid; and these were the words of the worthy old man; “So may the ravished daughter, whom thou seekest, be restored safe to thee, as thou shalt arise, nor scorn the shelter of my humble hut.” The goddess answered him, “Lead on; thou hast found the way to force me”; and she rose from the stone and followed the old man. As he led her and she followed, he told her how his son was sick and sleepless, kept wakeful by his ills.

539matre salutata (mater Metanira vocatur) 540iungere dignata est os puerile suo. pallor abit, subitasque vident in corpore vires: tantus caelesti venit ab ore vigor. tota domus laeta est, hoc est materque paterque nataque: tres illi tota fuere domus. 545mox epulas ponunt, liquefacta coagula lacte pomaque et in ceris aurea mella suis. abstinet alma Ceres somnique papavera causas dat tibi cum tepido lacte bibenda, puer. noctis erat medium placidique silentia somni: 550Triptolemum gremio sustulit illa suo terque manu permulsit eum, tria carmina dixit, carmina mortali non referenda sono, inque foco corpus pueri vivente favilla obruit, humanum purget ut ignis onus. 555excutitur somno stulte pia mater et amens quid facis? exclamat membraque ab igne rapit. cui dea dum non es dixit ‘scelerata, fuisti: inrita materno sunt mea dona metu. iste quidem mortalis erit, sed primus arabit 560et seret et culta praemia tollet humo.’ dixit et egrediens nubem trahit inque dracones transit et alifero tollitur axe Ceres. Sunion expositum Piraeaque tuta recessu linquit et in dextrum quae iacet ora latus. 565hinc init Aegaeum, quo Cycladas aspicit omnes, Ioniumque rapax Icariumque legit, perque urbes Asiae longum petit Hellespontum, diversumque locis alta pererrat iter. nam modo turilegos Arabas, modo despicit Indos, 570hinc Libys, hinc Meroe siccaque terra subest; nunc adit Hesperios Rhenum Rhodanumque Padumque teque, future parens, Thybri, potentis aquae, quo feror? inmensum est erratas dicere terras: praeteritus Cereri nullus in orbe locus. 575errat et in caelo liquidique inmunia ponti adloquitur gelido proxima signa polo: ‘Parrhasides stellae (namque omnia nosse potestis, aequoreas numquam cum subeatis aquas), Persephonen natam miserae monstrate parenti!’ 580dixerat, huic Helice talia verba refert:

As she was about to pass within the lowly dwelling, she plucked a smooth, a slumbrous poppy that grew on the waste ground; and as she plucked, ’tis said she tasted it forgetfully, and so unwitting stayed her long hunger. Hence, because she broke her fast at nightfall, the initiates time their meal by the appearance of the stars. When she crossed the threshold, she saw the household plunged in grief; all hope of saving the child was gone. The goddess greeted the mother (her name was Metanira) and deigned to put her lips to the child’s lips. His pallor fled, and strength of a sudden was visibly imparted to his frame; such vigour flowed from lips divine. There was joy in the whole household, that is, in mother, father, and daughter; for they three were the whole household. Anon they set out a repast—curds liquefied in milk, and apples, and golden honey in the comb. Kind Ceres abstained, and gave the child poppies to drink in warm milk to make him sleep. It was midnight, and there reigned the silence of peaceful sleep; the goddess took up Triptolemus in her lap, and thrice she stroked him with her hand, and spoke three spells, spells not to be rehearsed by mortal tongue, and on the hearth she buried the boy’s body in live embers, that the fire might purge away the burden of humanity. His fond-foolish mother awoke from sleep and distractedly cried out, “What dost thou?” and she snatched his body from the fire. To her the goddess said: “Meaning no wrong, thou hast done grievous wrong: my bounty has been baffled by a mother’s fear. That boy of yours will indeed be mortal, but he will be the first to plough and sow and reap a guerdon from the turned-up soil.”

581‘crimine nox vacua est; Solem de virgine rapta consule, qui late facta diurna videt.’ Sol aditus quam quaeris, ait ‘ne vana labores, nupta Iovis fratri tertia regna tenet.’

She said, and forth she fared, trailing a cloud behind her, and passed to her dragons, then soared aloft in her winged car. She left behind bold Sunium, and the snug harbour of Piraeus, and the coast that lies on the right hand. From there she came to the Aegean, where she beheld all the Cyclades; she skimmed the wild Ionian and the Icarian Sea; and passing through the cities of Asia she made for the long Hellespont, and pursued aloft a roving course, this way and that. For now she looked down on the incense-gathering Arabs, and now on the Indians: beneath her lay on one side Libya, on the other side Meroe, and the parched land. Now she visited the western rivers, the Rhine, the Rhone, the Po, and thee, Tiber, future parent of a mighty water. Whither do I stray? ’Twere endless to tell of the lands over which she wandered. No spot in the world did Ceres leave unvisited. She wandered also in the sky, and accosted the constellations that lie next to the cold pole and never dip in the ocean wave. “Ye Parrhasian stars, reveal to a wretched mother her daughter Persephone; for ye can know all things, since never do ye plunge under the waters of the sea.” So she spoke, and Helice answered her thus: “Night is blameless. Ask of the Sun concerning the ravished maid: far and wide he sees the things that are done by day.” Appealed to, the Sun said, “To spare thee vain trouble, she whom thou seekest is wedded to Jove’s brother and rules the third realm.”

585questa diu secum, sic est adfata Tonantem, maximaque in voltu signa dolentis erant: ‘si memor es, de quo mihi sit Proserpina nata, dimidium curae debet habere tuae. orbe pererrato sola est iniuria facti 590cognita: commissi praemia raptor habet. at neque Persephone digna est praedone marito, nec gener hoc nobis more parandus erat. quid gravius victore Gyge captiva tulissem, quam nunc te caeli sceptra tenente tuli? 595verum impune ferat, nos haec patiemur inultae; reddat et emendet facta priora novis.’ Iuppiter hanc lenit factumque excusat amore, nec gener est nobis ille pudendus ait. ‘non ego nobilior: posita est mihi regia caelo, 600possidet alter aquas, alter inane chaos, sed si forte tibi non est mutabile pectus, statque semel iuncti rumpere vincla tori, hoc quoque temptemus, siquidem ieiuna remansit;

After long moaning to herself she thus addressed the Thunderer, and in her face there were deep lines of sorrow: “If thou dost remember by whom I got Persephone, she ought to have half of thy care. By wandering round the world I have learned naught but the knowledge of the wrong: the ravisher enjoys the reward of his crime. But neither did Persephone deserve a robber husband, nor was it meet that in this fashion we should find a son-in-law. What worse wrong could I have suffered if Gyges had been victorious and I his captive, than now I have sustained while thou art sceptered king of heaven? But let him escape unpunished; I’ll put up with it nor ask for vengeance; only let him restore her and repair his former deeds by new.” Jupiter soothed her, and on the plea of love excused the deed. “He is not a son-in-law,” said he, “to put us to shame: I myself am not a whit more noble: my royalty is in the sky, another owns the waters, and another the void of chaos. But if haply thy mind is set immutably, and thou art resolved to break the bonds of wedlock, once contracted, come let us try to do so, if only she has kept her fast; if not, she will be the wife of her infernal spouse.”

604si minus, inferni coniugis uxor erit.’ 605Tartara iussus adit sumptis Caducifer alis speque redit citius visaque certa refert: rapta tribus dixit ‘solvit ieiunia granis, Punica quae lento cortice poma tegunt.’ non secus indoluit, quam si modo rapta fuisset, 610maesta parens, longa vixque refecta mora est, atque ita nec nobis caelum est habitabile dixit; Taenaria recipi me quoque valle iube. et factura fuit, pactus nisi Iuppiter esset, bis tribus ut caelo mensibus illa foret. 615tum demum voltumque Ceres animumque recepit imposuitque suae spicea serta comae; largaque provenit cessatis messis in arvis, et vix congestas area cepit opes. alba decent Cererem: vestis Cerialibus albas 620sumite; nunc pulli velleris usus abest.

The Herald God received his orders and assumed his wings: he flew to Tartarus and returning sooner than he was looked for brought tidings sure of what he had seen. “The ravished Maid,” said he, “did break her fast on three grains enclosed in the tough rind of a pomegranate.” Her rueful parent grieved no less than if her daughter had just been reft from her, and it was long before she was herself again, and hardly then. And thus she spoke: “For me, too, heaven is no home; order that I too be admitted to the Taenarian vale.” And she would have done so, if Jupiter had not promised that Persephone should be in heaven for twice three months. Then at last Ceres recovered her looks and her spirits, and set wreaths of corn ears on her hair; and the laggard fields yielded a plenteous harvest, and the threshing-floor could hardly hold the high-piled sheaves. White is Ceres’ proper colour; put on white robes at Ceres’ festival; now no one wears dun-coloured wool.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Sir James George Frazer (1931). Original text: Sir James George Frazer (ed. and tr.), Ovid's Fasti, Loeb Classical Library, London: Heinemann; Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1931 (Latin text as digitised by Perseus).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library, Latin text); translation public domain (OCR from the Internet Archive scan). Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.