Ovid · Fasti Fasti

Ovid, Fasti 4.349–392: Fasti 4: Customs of the Megalesia; early April

Ovid asks Erato why small coins are collected, why people exchange feasts, why the Megalesia open the games, why the priests are called Galli, and why herbs are served. She gives a reason for each. Short entries for 5, 6, 9 and 10 April follow, covering a temple dedication, a recalled victory in Africa, Orion's setting and the Circus procession.

Lines 4.349–392 · 518 words · click a number to copy its link
349substitit hic Erato, mora fit; sic cetera quaero: 350dic, inquam parva cur stipe quaerat opes. ‘contulit aes populus, de quo delubra Metellus fecit,’ ait dandae mos stipis inde manet. cur vicibus factis ineant convivia, quaero, tunc magis, indictas concelebrentque dapes 355quod bene mutant sedem Berecyntia, dixit captant mutatis sedibus omen idem. institeram, quare primi Megalesia ludi urbe forent nostra, cum dea (sensit enim) illa deos inquit ‘peperit, cessere parenti, 360principiumque dati Mater honoris habet.’ ‘cur igitur Gallos, qui se excidere, vocamus, cum tanto a Phrygia Gallica distet humus?’ inter ait ‘viridem Cybelen altasque Celaenas amnis it insana, nomine Gallus, aqua. 365qui bibit inde, furit: procul hinc discedite, quis est cura bonae mentis: qui bibit inde, furit.’, non pudet herbosum dixi ‘posuisse moretum in dominae mensis, an sua causa subest?’ ‘lacte mero veteres usi narrantur et herbis, 370sponte sua si quas terra ferebat’ ait. ‘candidus elisae miscetur caseus herbae, cognoscat priscos ut dea prisca cibos.’

Here Erato stopped. There was a pause. Then I put the rest of my questions thus. “Why,” said I, “does the goddess collect money in small coins?” “The people contributed their coppers, with which Metellus built her fane,” said she; “hence the custom of giving a small coin abides.” I asked why then more than at other times people entertain each other to feasts and hold banquets for which they issue invitations. “Because,” said she, “the Berecyntian goddess luckily changed her home, people try to get the same good luck by going from house to house.” I was about to ask why the Megalesia are the first games of the year in our city, when the goddess took my meaning and said, “She gave birth to the gods. They gave place to their parent, and the Mother has the honour of precedence.” “Why then do we give the name of Galli to the men who unman themselves, when the Gallic land is so far from Phrygia?” “Between,” said she, “green Cybele and high Celaenae a river of mad water flows, ’tis named the Gallus. Who drinks of it goes mad. Far hence depart, ye who care to be of sound mind. Who drinks of it goes mad.” “They think no shame,” said I,” to set a dish of herbs on the tables of the Mistress. Is there a good reason at the bottom of it? “” People of old,” she answered, “are reported to have subsisted on pure milk and such herbs as the earth bore of its free will. White cheese is mixed with pounded herbs, that the ancient goddess may know the ancient foods.”

373Postera cum caelo motis Pallantias astris fulserit, et niveos Luna levarit equos, 375qui dicet ‘quondam sacrata est colle Quirini hac Fortuna die Publica,’ verus erit.

Non. 5th

When the next Dawn shall have shone in the sky, and the stars have vanished, and the Moon shall have unyoked her snow-white steeds, he who shall say, “On this day of old the temple of Public Fortune was dedicated on the hill of Quirinus” will tell the truth.

377Tertia lux (memini) ludis erat, ac mihi quidam spectanti senior continuusque loco haec ait ‘illa dies, Libycis qua Caesar in oris 380perfida magnanimi contudit arma Iubae. dux mihi Caesar erat, sub quo meruisse tribunus glorior: officio praefuit ille meo. hanc ego militia sedem, tu pace parasti, inter bis quinos usus honore viros.’ 385plura locuturi subito seducimur imbre: pendula caelestis Libra movebat aquas.

VIII. Id. 6th

It was, I remember, the third day of the games, when a certain elderly man, who sat next to me at the show, observed to me, “This was the famous day when on the Libyan shores Caesar crushed proud Juba’s treacherous host. Caesar was my commander; under him I am proud to have served as colonel; at his hands did I receive my commission. This seat I won in war, and thou didst win in peace, by reason of thine office in the College of the Ten.” We were about to say more when a sudden shower of rain parted us; the Balance hung in heaven released the heavenly waters.

387Ante tamen, quam summa dies spectacula sistat, ensifer Orion aequore mersus erit.

V. Id. 9th

“But before the last day shall have put an end to the shows, sworded Orion will have sunk in the sea.

389Proxima victricem cum Romam inspexerit Eos, 390et dederit Phoebo stella fugata locum, circus erit pompa celeber numeroque deorum, primaque ventosis palma petetur equis.

IV. Id. 10th

When the next Dawn shall have looked on victorious Rome, and the stars shall have been put to flight and given place to the sun, the Circus will be thronged with a procession and an array of the gods, and the horses, fleet as the wind, will contend for the first palm.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Sir James George Frazer (1931). Original text: Sir James George Frazer (ed. and tr.), Ovid's Fasti, Loeb Classical Library, London: Heinemann; Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1931 (Latin text as digitised by Perseus).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library, Latin text); translation public domain (OCR from the Internet Archive scan). Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.