Ovid · Fasti Fasti

Ovid, Fasti 3.399–458: Fasti 3: Early March: stars and the temple of Vejovis

Ovid gives star signs for 3 and 5 March, including the story of Ampelus, a youth loved by Dionysus (Bacchus), who falls from an elm and is set among the stars. On 6 March he honours Hestia (Vesta) and Caesar's priesthood. On 7 March he describes the temple of Vejovis, the Young Jupiter with no thunderbolts, offers a reading of the name, and notes the winged horse's rising.

Lines 3.399–458 · 663 words · click a number to copy its link
399Tertia nox de mense suos ubi moverit ignes, 400conditus e geminis Piscibus alter erit. nam duo sunt: austris hic est, aquilonibus ille proximus; a vento nomen uterque tenet.

V. Non. 3rd

When the third night of the month has shifted her starry fires, one of the two Fishes will have disappeared. For there are two: one of them is next neighbour to the South Winds, the other to the North Winds; each of them takes its name from the wind.

403Cum croceis rorare genis Tithonia coniunx coeperit et quintae tempora lucis aget. 405sive est Arctophylax, sive est piger ille Bootes, mergetur visus effugietque tuos. at non effugiet Vindemitor: hoc quoque causam unde trahat sidus, parva docere mora est. Ampelon intonsum satyro nymphaque creatum 410fertur in Ismariis Bacchus amasse iugis: tradidit huic vitem pendentem e frondibus ulmi, quae nunc de pueri nomine nomen habet, dum legit in ramo pictas temerarius uvas, decidit: amissum Liber in astra tulit.

III. Non. 5th

When from her saffron cheeks Tithonus’ spouse shall have begun to shed the dew at the time of the fifth morn, the constellation, whether it be the Bear-ward or the sluggard Bootes, will have sunk and will escape thy sight. But not so will the Grape-gatherer escape thee. The origin of that constellation also can be briefly told. ’Tis said that the unshorn Ampelus, son of a nymph and satyr, was loved by Bacchus on the Ismarian hills. Upon him the god bestowed a vine that trailed from an elm’s leafy boughs, and still the vine takes from the boy its name. While he rashly culled the gaudy grapes upon a branch, he tumbled down; Liber bore the lost youth to the stars.

415Sextus ubi oceano clivosum scandit Olympum Phoebus et alatis aethera carpit equis, quisquis ades castaeque colis penetralia Vestae, gratare, Iliacis turaque pone focis. Caesaris innumeris (quem maluit ille mereri?) 420accessit titulis pontificalis honor. ignibus aeternis aeterni numina praesunt Caesaris: imperii pignora iuncta vides, di veteris Troiae, dignissima praeda ferenti, qua gravis Aeneas tutus ab hoste fuit, 425ortus ab Aenea tangit cognata sacerdos numina: cognatum, Vesta, tuere caput! quos sancta fovet ille manu, bene vivitis ignes: vivite inextincti, flammaque duxque, precor.

Pr. Non. 6th

When the sixth sun climbs up Olympus steep from ocean, and through the ether takes his way on his winged steeds, all ye, whoe’er ye are, who worship at the shrine of the chaste Vesta, wish the goddess joy and offer incense on the Ilian hearth. To Caesar’s countless titles (which would he rather have earned?) was added the honour of the pontificate. Over the eternal fire the divinity of Caesar, no less eternal, doth preside: the pledges of empire thou seest side by side. Ye gods of ancient Troy, ye worthiest prize to him who bore ye, ye whose weight did save Aeneas from the foe, a priest of the Une of Aeneas handles your kindred divinities; Vesta, do thou guard his kindred head! Nursed by his sacred hand, ye fires live well. O live undying, flame and leader both, I pray.

429Una nota est Marti Nonis, sacrata quod illis 430templa putant lucos Vediovis ante duos. Romulus ut saxo lucum circumdedit alto, quilibet huc dixit confuge, tutus eris. O quam de tenui Romanus origine crevit! turba vetus quam non invidiosa fuit! 435ne tamen ignaro novitas tibi nominis obstet, disce, quis iste deus, curque vocetur ita. Iuppiter est iuvenis: iuvenalis aspice voltus; aspice deinde manum, fulmina nulla tenet, fulmina post ausos caelum adfectare Gigantes 440sumpta Iovi; primo tempore inermis erat. ignibus Ossa novis et Pelion altius Ossa arsit et in solida fixus Olympus humo. stat quoque capra simul: nymphae pavisse feruntur Cretides; infanti lac dedit illa Iovi. 445nunc vocor ad nomen, vegrandia farra colonae quae male creverunt, vescaque parva vocant, vis ea si verbi est, cur non ego Vediovis aedem aedem non magni suspicer esse Iovis?

Non. 7th

The Nones of March have only one mark in the calendar, because they think that on that day the temple of Vedjovis was consecrated in front of the two groves. When Romulus surrounded the grove with a high stone wall, “Take refuge here,” said he, “whoe’er thou art; thou shalt be safe.” O from how small a beginning the Roman took his rise! How little to be envied was that multitude of old! But that the strangeness of the name may not prove a stumbling-block to you in your ignorance, learn who that god is, and why he is so called. He is the Young Jupiter: look on his youthful face; look then on his hand, it holds no thunderbolts. Jupiter assumed the thunderbolts after the giants dared attempt to win the sky; at first he was unarmed. Ossa blazed with the new fires (of his thunderbolts); Pelion, too, higher than Ossa, and Olympus, fixed in the solid ground. A she-goat also stands (beside the image of Vedjovis); the Cretan nymphs are said to have fed the god; it was the she-goat that gave her milk to the infant Jove. Now I am called on to explain the name. Farmers’ wives call stunted spelt vegrandia, and what is little they call vesca. If that is the meaning of the word, may I not suspect that the shrine of Vedjovis is the shrine of the little Jupiter?

449iamque, ubi caeruleum variabunt sidera caelum, 450suspice: Gorgonei colla videbis equi. creditur hic caesa gravidae cervice Medusae sanguine respersis prosiluisse iubis. huic supra nubes et subter sidera lapso caelum pro terra, pro pede penna fuit, 455iamque indignanti nova frena receperat ore, cum levis Aonias ungula fodit aquas. nunc fruitur caelo, quod pennis ante petebat, et nitidus stellis quinque decemque micat.

And now when the stars shall spangle the blue sky, look up: you will see the neck of the Gorgonian steed. He is said to have leaped forth from the severed neck of the teeming Medusa, his mane bespattered with blood. As he glided above the clouds and beneath the stars, the sky served him as solid ground, and his wing served him for a foot. Soon indignantly he champed the unwonted bit, when his light hoof struck out the Aonian spring. Now he enjoys the sky, to which aforetime he soared on wings, and he sparkles bright with fifteen stars.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Sir James George Frazer (1931). Original text: Sir James George Frazer (ed. and tr.), Ovid's Fasti, Loeb Classical Library, London: Heinemann; Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1931 (Latin text as digitised by Perseus).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library, Latin text); translation public domain (OCR from the Internet Archive scan). Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.

Fasti Book 3, lines 399–458: Early March | Ovid