Ovid · Fasti Fasti

Ovid, Fasti 4.133–178: Fasti 4: Venus Verticordia and Fortuna Virilis; the Pleiades (1-2 April)

On 1 April Ovid describes the washing of Aphrodite's (Venus') statue, the myrtle bathing, and the rites of Fortuna Virilis in the warm bath. He gives the Cumaean oracle behind the temple of Venus Verticordia. On 2 April he lists the Pleiades and offers two explanations for why only six are seen.

Lines 4.133–178 · 488 words · click a number to copy its link
133Rite deam colitis Latiae matresque nurusque et vos, quis vittae longaque vestis abest. 135aurea marmoreo redimicula demite collo, demite divitias: tota lavanda dea est. aurea siccato redimicula reddite collo: nunc alii flores, nunc nova danda rosa est. vos quoque sub viridi myrto iubet ipsa lavari: 140causaque, cur iubeat (discite!), certa subest litore siccabat rorantes nuda capillos: viderunt satyri, turba proterva, deam. sensit et opposita texit sua corpora myrto: tuta fuit facto vosque referre iubet. 145discite nunc, quare Fortunae tura Virili detis eo, calida qui locus umet aqua. accipit ille locus posito velamine cunctas et vitium nudi corporis omne videt; ut tegat hoc celetque viros, Fortuna Virilis 150praestat et hoc parvo ture rogata facit, nec pigeat tritum niveo cum lacte papaver sumere et expressis mella liquata favis; cum primum cupido Venus est deducta marito, hoc bibit: ex illo tempore nupta fuit. 155supplicibus verbis illam placate: sub illa et forma et mores et bona fama manet. Roma pudicitia proavorum tempore lapsa est: Cymaeam, veteres, consuluistis anum. templa iubet fieri Veneri, quibus ordine factis 160inde Venus verso nomina corde tenet. semper ad Aeneadas placido, pulcherrima, voltu respice totque tuas, diva, tuere nurus.

Kal. Apr. 1st

Duly do ye worship the goddess, ye Latin mothers and brides, and ye, too, who wear not the fillets and long robe. Take off the golden necklaces from the marble neck of the goddess; take off her gauds; the goddess must be washed from top to toe. Then dry her neck and restore to it her golden necklaces; now give her other flowers, now give her the fresh-blown rose. Ye, too, she herself bids bathe under the green myrtle, and there is a certain reason for her command; learn what it is. Naked, she was drying on the shore her oozy locks, when the satyrs, a wanton crew, espied the goddess. She perceived it, and screened her body by myrtle interposed: that done, she was safe, and she bids you do the same. Learn now why ye give incense to Virile Fortune in the place which reeks of warm water. All women strip when they enter that place, and every blemish on the naked body is plain to see; Virile Fortune under-takes to conceal the blemish and to hide it from the men, and this she does for the consideration of a little incense. Nor grudge to take poppy pounded with snowy milk and liquid honey squeezed from the comb; when Venus was first escorted to her eager spouse, she drank that draught: from that time she was a bride. Propitiate her with supplications; beauty and virtue and good fame are in her keeping. In the time of our forefathers Rome had fallen from a state of chastity, and the ancients consulted the old woman of Cumae. She ordered a temple to be built to Venus, and when that was duly done, Venus took the name of Changer of the Heart (Verticordia) from the event. Fairest of goddesses, ever behold the sons of Aeneas with look benign, and guard thine offspring’s numerous wives.

163dum loquor, elatae metuendus acumine caudae Scorpios in viridis praecipitatur aquas.

While I speak, the Scorpion, the tip of whose swinged tail strikes fear, plunges into the green waters.

165Nox ubi transierit, caelumque rubescere primo coeperit, et tactae rore querentur aves, semiustamque facem vigilata nocte viator ponet, et ad solitum rusticus ibit opus, Pleiades incipient humeros relevare paternos, 170quae septem dici, sex tamen esse solent: seu quod in amplexum sex hinc venere deorum. ( nam Steropen Marti concubuisse ferunt, Neptuno Alcyonen et te, formosa Celaeno, Maian et Electram Taygetemque Iovi), 175septima mortali Merope tibi, Sisyphe, nupsit; paenitet, et facti sola pudore latet: sive quod Electra Troiae spectare ruinas non tulit, ante oculos opposuitque manum.

IV. Non. 2nd

When the night has passed, and the sky has just begun to blush, and dew-besprinkled birds are twittering plaintively, and the wayfarer, who all night long has waked, lays down his half-burnt torch, and the swain goes forth to his accustomed toil, the Pleiades will commence to lighten the burden that rests on their father’s shoulders; seven are they usually called, but six they usually are; whether it be that six of the sisters were embraced by gods (for they say that Sterope lay with Mars, Alcyone and fair Celaeno with Neptune, and Maia, Electra, and Taygete with Jupiter); the seventh, Merope, was married to a mortal man, to Sisyphus, and she repents of it, and from shame at the deed she alone of the sisters hides herself; or whether it be that Electra could not brook to behold the fall of Troy, and so covered her eyes with her hand.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Sir James George Frazer (1931). Original text: Sir James George Frazer (ed. and tr.), Ovid's Fasti, Loeb Classical Library, London: Heinemann; Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1931 (Latin text as digitised by Perseus).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library, Latin text); translation public domain (OCR from the Internet Archive scan). Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.