Ovid · Fasti Fasti

Ovid, Fasti 4.807–862: Fasti 4: The founding of Rome and the death of Remus

Ovid tells how Romulus and Remus settle the right to found a city by watching for birds, with Remus seeing six and Romulus twelve. Romulus ploughs the boundary furrow and prays to Zeus (Jupiter), Ares (Mars) and Hestia (Vesta). Remus mocks the wall and jumps it, and Celer kills him; Romulus weeps and buries him.

Lines 4.807–862 · 637 words · click a number to copy its link
807Ipse locus causas vati facit, urbis origo venit, ades factis, magne Quirine, tuis! iam luerat poenas frater Numitoris, et omne 810pastorum gemino sub duce volgus erat. contrahere agrestes et moenia ponere utrique convenit: ambigitur, moenia ponat uter. nil opus est dixit certamine Romulus ‘ullo: magna fides avium est, experiamur aves.’ 815res placet, alter adit nemorosi saxa Palati, alter Aventinum mane cacumen init. sex Remus, hic volucres bis sex videt ordine, pacto statur, et arbitrium Romulus urbis habet, apta dies legitur, qua moenia signet aratro. 820sacra Palis suberant: inde movetur opus. fossa fit ad solidum, fruges iaciuntur in ima et de vicino terra petita solo. fossa repletur humo, plenaeque imponitur ara, et novus accenso fungitur igne focus. 825inde premens stivam designat moenia sulco; alba iugum niveo cum bove vacca tulit, vox fuit haec regis: ‘condenti, Iuppiter, urbem et genitor Mavors Vestaque mater, ades; quosque pium est adhibere deos, advertite cuncti. 830auspicibus vobis hoc mihi surgat opus. longa sit huic aetas dominaeque potentia terrae, sitque sub hac oriens occiduusque dies.’ ille precabatur, tonitru dedit omina laevo Iuppiter, et laevo fulmina missa polo.

“The subject of itself furnishes a theme for the poet. We have arrived at the foundation of the city Great Quirinus, help me to sing thy deeds. Already the brother of Numitor had suffered punishment, and all the shepherd folk were subject to the twins. The twins agreed to draw the swains together and found a city; the doubt was which of the two should found it. Romulus said,” There needs no contest. Great faith is put in birds; let’s try the birds.” The proposal was accepted. One of the two betook him to the rocks of the wooded Palatine; the other hied at morn to the top of the Aventine. Remus saw six birds; Romulus saw twice six, one after the other: they stood by their compact, and Romulus was accorded the government of the city. A suitable day was chosen on which he should mark out the line of the walls with the plough. The festival of Pales was at hand; on that day the work began. A trench was dug down to the solid rock; fruits of the earth were thrown into the bottom of it, and with them earth fetched from the neighbouring soil. The trench was filled up with mould, and on the top was set an altar, and a fire was duly lit on a new hearth. Then pressing on the plough-handle he drew a furrow to mark out the line of the walls: the yoke was borne by a white cow and snow-white steer. The king spoke thus: “O Jupiter, and Father Mavors, and Mother Vesta, stand by me as I found the city! O take heed, all ye gods whom piety bids summon! Under your auspices may this my fabric rise! May this imperial country long endure and its dominion! May East and West be subject unto it!” So he prayed. Jupiter vouchsafed omens by thunder on the left and lightnings flashing in the leftward sky.

835augurio laeti iaciunt fundamina cives, et novus exiguo tempore murus erat. hoc Celer urget opus, quem Romulus ipse vocarat, sint, que Celer, curae dixerat ‘ista tuae, neve quis aut muros aut factam vomere fossam 840transeat: audentem talia dede neci.’ quod Remus ignorans humiles contemnere muros coepit et his populus dicere tutus erit? nec mora, transiluit. rutro Celer occupat ausum; ille premit duram sanguinulentus humum. 845haec ubi rex didicit, lacrimas introrsus obortas devorat et clausum pectore volnus habet, flere palam non volt exemplaque fortia servat, sic que meos muros transeat hostis ait. dat tamen exequias nec iam suspendere fletum 850sustinet, et pietas dissimulata patet; osculaque adplicuit posito suprema feretro atque ait invito frater adempte, vale! arsurosque artus unxit, fecere, quod ille, Faustulus et maestas Acca soluta comas. 855tum iuvenem nondum facti flevere Quirites; ultima plorato subdita flamma rogo est. urbs oritur (quis tunc hoc ulli credere posset?) victorem terris impositura pedem, cuncta regas et sis magno sub Caesare semper, 860saepe etiam pluris nominis huius habe; et quotiens steteris domito sublimis in orbe, omnia sint numeris inferiora tuis.

Glad at the augury, the citizens laid the foundations, and in a short time the new wall stood. The work was urged on by Celer, whom Romulus himself had named and said, “Celer, be this thy care; let no man cross the walls nor the trench which the share hath made: who dares to do so, put him to death.” Ignorant of this, Remus began to mock the lowly walls and say, “Shall these protect the people?” And straightway he leaped across them. Instantly Celer struck the rash man with a shovel. Covered with blood, Remus sank on the stony ground. When the king heard of this, he smothered the springing tears and kept his grief locked up within his breast. He would not weep in public; he set an example of fortitude, and “So fare,” quoth he, “the foe who shall cross my walls.” Yet he granted funeral honours, and could no longer bear to check his tears, and the affection which he had dissembled was plain to see. When they set down the bier, he gave it a last kiss, and said, “Snatched from thy brother, loath to part, brother, farewell!” With that he anointed the body before committing it to the flames. Faustulus and Acca. her mournful hair unbound, did the same. Then the Quirites, though not yet known by that name, wept for the youth, and last of all a light was put to the pyre, wet with their tears. A city arose destined to set its victorious foot upon the neck of the whole earth; who at that time could have believed in such a prophecy? Rule the universe, O Rome, and may est thou ever be subject to great Caesar, and mayest thou often have several of that name, and whensoe’er thou standest sublime in a conquered world, may all else reach not up to thy shoulders!

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English translation by Sir James George Frazer (1931). Original text: Sir James George Frazer (ed. and tr.), Ovid's Fasti, Loeb Classical Library, London: Heinemann; Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1931 (Latin text as digitised by Perseus).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library, Latin text); translation public domain (OCR from the Internet Archive scan). Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.