Nonnus of Panopolis · Dionysiaca Διονυσιακά

Nonnus of Panopolis, Dionysiaca 4.382–463: Book 4: Athena aids Cadmos; the sown men destroy one another

Athena appears and tells Cadmos to kill the serpent and sow its teeth. Cadmos kills the dragon with a stone and a knife and sows the teeth, and armed men spring up out of the furrow. At Athena's counsel he throws a stone among them, and they destroy one another.

Lines 4.382–463 · 722 words · click a number to copy its link
382εἶχε δακών, καὶ χλωρὸν ἀνήρυγεν ἀφρὸν ὀδόντων εἰς δέμας ἠιθέοιο, πελιδναίῳ δὲ σιδήρῳ ἰσοφυὴς χλοάοντι διεψύχθη δέμας ἰῷ· 385ἄλλου φυσιόωντος ὑπὸ πληγῇσι γενείων ἀσταθέες μήνιγγες ἐκυμαίνοντο καρήνου

But when Cadmos was nearly exhausted, Athena came near, shaking the aegis-cape with the Gorgon’s head and snaky hair, the forecast of coming victory : and the nation-mustering deity cried aloud to the dumbfounded man—

387δήγματι φαρμακόεντι, διʼ ἐγκεφάλου δὲ χυθέντος μυδαλέῳ μυκτῆρι κατάσσυτος ἔρρεεν ἰχώρ. ἀλλʼ ὅτε Κάδμος ἔκαμνε, τότε σχεδὸν ἦλθεν Ἀθήνη 390ἐσσομένης δονέουσα προάγγελον αἰγίδα νίκης Γοργείῳ κομόωσαν ἐχιδνήεντι καρήνῳ, καί οἱ ἀτυζομένῳ λαοσσόος ἴαχε δαίμων· Κάδμε, Γιγαντοφόνοιο Διὸς συνάεθλε κυδοιμοῦ, δειμαίνεις ἕνα μοῦνον ἰδὼν ὄφιν; ἐν δὲ κυδοιμοῖς 395σοὶ πίσυνος Τυφῶνα κατεπρήνιξε Κρονίων τοσσατίοις κομόωντα δρακοντείοισι καρήνοις. παύεο θηρείων τρομέων συριγμὸν ὀδόντων· Παλλὰς ἐποτρύνει σε, καὶ οὐ φονίῃ παρὰ Δίρκῃ ῥύσεται ἑρπηστῆρα φυλάκτορα χάλκεος Ἄρης. 400ἀλλά, καταφθιμένοιο λαβὼν δασπλῆτας ὀδόντας θηρός, ἐχιδνήεντι περισπείρας χθόνα καρπῷ κεῖρε Γιγαντείης ὀφιώδεα λήια χάρμης, γηγενέων δὲ φάλαγγας ἑνὶ ξύνωσον ὀλέθρῳ

Cadmos, helpmate and ally of Zeus Giant-slayer in the battle! Are you afraid when you see only one snake ? In those battles Cronion trusted in you, and brought low Typhon with all that shock of heads, and every one a snake! Tremble no more at the hiss from the creature’s teeth. Pallas bids you on! Brazen Ares shall not save his reptile guardian beside murderous Dirce. But when he is killed, take the creature’s horrible teeth, sow the ground all about with the snaky corn, reap the harvest of warrior giants, join the battalions of the Earthborn in one common destruction, and leave only five living : let the crop of the Sown sprout up to glorious fruitage for Thebes that I shall be.”

404πέντε λιπὼν ζώοντας· ἐπεσσομένῃσι δὲ Θήβαις 405σπαρτῶν ἀγλαόκαρπος ἀνασταχύοιτο γενέθλη. ὣς φαμένη θάρσυνε τεθηπότα Κάδμον Ἀθήνη, καὶ βαθὺν ἠνεμόεντι κατέγραφεν ἠέρα ταρσῷ, δυσαμένη Διὸς οἶκον. ὁ δὲ τραφερῇ παρὰ βώλῳ μάρμαρον εὐρυάλωος ἐύτροχον οὖρον ἀρούρης 410ἵστατο κουφίζων κραναὸν βέλος, ἰθυπόρῳ δὲ ἄκρα δρακοντείοιο καρήατος ἔθλασε πέτρῳ· θηγαλέην δὲ μάχαιραν ἐρυσσάμενος παρὰ μηροῦ αὐχένα θηρὸς ἔτεμνεν· ἀπαμηθεῖσα δὲ κόρση σώματος ἐκτὸς ἔμιμνε, κυλινδομένη δὲ κονίῃ 415ἠθάδα κύκλον ἕλισσε παλίλλυτον ἄστατος οὐρή, καὶ δαπέδῳ τετάνυστο δράκων νέκυς. ἀμφὶ δὲ νεκρῷ θοῦρος Ἄρης βαρύμηνις ἀνέκραγε· χωομένου δὲ Κάδμος ἀμειβομένων μελέων ἑλικώδεϊ μορφῇ ἀλλοφυὴς ἤμελλε παρʼ Ἰλλυρίδος σφυρὰ γαίης 420ξεῖνον ἔχειν ἴνδαλμα δρακοντείοιο προσώπου. ἀλλὰ τὰ μὲν πέπρωτο μετὰ χρόνον. αὐτὰρ ὁ μέσσῃ χαλκείῃ κυνέῃ συνελέξατο καρπὸν ὀλέθρου, θηρείων γενύων βλοσυρὸν θέρος· ἐνδαπίης δὲ Παλλάδος ὑβὸν ἄροτρον ἀπʼ ὀργάδος εἰς χθόνα σύρων 425καὶ χαροπῆς ἀρόσας πολεμητόκον αὔλακα γαίης ἰοβόλων ἔσπειρε πολύστιχον ὄγμον ὀδόντων. καὶ στάχυς αὐτολόχευτος ἀνηέξητο Γιγάντων, ὧν ὁ μὲν ὑψικάρηνος ἀνέδραμεν ἄκρα τιταίνων στήθεος εὐθώρηκος, ὁ δὲ προθορόντι καρήνῳ 430φρικτὸν ἀνοιγομένης ὑπερέσχεθεν ὦμον ἀρούρης· ἄλλος ἄνω προύκυψεν ἐς ὀμφαλόν, ὃς δʼ ἐπὶ γαίῃ ἡμιτελὴς ἀνέτελλε πεδοτρεφὲς ὅπλον ἀείρων· ἄλλος ὑπερκύπτοντα λόφον προβλῆτα τιταίνων οὔ πω στέρνον ἔφαινε, καὶ εἰσέτι μητρὸς ἀνέρπων 435ἐκ λαγόνων κατὰ βαιὸν ἀταρβέι μάρνατο Κάδμῳ τεύχεσιν αὐτοφύτοις κεκορυθμένος· ἆ μέγα θαῦμα, ὥπλισεν Εἰλείθυια, τὸν οὐ μαιώσατο μήτηρ· καί τις ἀνηκόντιζεν ὁμόγνιον ἔγχος ἀφάσσων ἡμιφανής, ὁ δὲ κοῦφος ὅλον δέμας εἰς φάος ἕλκων 440ἄκρα ποδῶν ἀτέλεστα πεπηγότα λεῖπεν ἀρούρῃ. οὐ μὲν ἐφημοσύνης ἐπελήσατο Κάδμος Ἀθήνης,

With these words Athena encouraged the discomfited Cadmos, and then she cleft the airy deeps with windswift foot, until she entered the house of Zeus. But Cadmos where he stood on the dry earth lifted a well-rounded boundary-stone of the broad farm-land, a rocky missile and with a straight cast of the stone smashed the top of the dragon’s head ; then drawing a whetted knife from his thigh he cut through the monster’s neck. The hood severed from the body lay apart, but the tail still moved, rolling in the dust until it had uncoiled again its familiar rings. There lay the dragon stretched on the ground, dead, and over the corpse furious Ares shouted in heavy anger. By his wrath Cadmos was destined to change his limbs for a curling shape, and to have a strange aspect of dragon’s countenance at the ends of the illyrian country. But that was ordained for long after. Now he gathered the fruit of death inside a helmet of bronze, the grim harvest of the creature’s jaws. Then he drew upon the land the humped plow of Pallas from her holy place in those parts, and plowed a battle- breeding furrow in the bright earth, and sowed long lines of the poison-casting teeth. There grew out the self-delivered crop of giants: one shot up with head high, shaking the top of a mail-coated breast; one with jutting head stretched a horrid shoulder over the opening earth; another bent forward above as far as the midnipple, one again rose on the ground half-finished and lifted a soil-grown shield ; another shook a nodding plume before him and showed not yet his chest; while still creeping up slowly from his mother’s flanks he showed fight against fearless Cadmos, clad in the armour he was born in. O what a great miracle! Eileithyia armed him whom the mother had not yet spawned! And there was one who cast his brother-spear, fumbling and half visible: one who lightly drew the whole body into the light, but left his toes unfinished sticking in the ground.

442ἀλλὰ παλιμφυέων καλάμην ἤμησε Γιγάντων· τὸν μὲν ὑπὲρ μαζοῖο βαλὼν ἀνεμώδεϊ λόγχῃ, τὸν δὲ κατὰ κληῖδα παρὰ πλατὺν αὐχένα τύψας 445ὀστέα λαχνήεντος ἀνέσχισεν ἀνθερεῶνος· ἄλλον ἀκοντιστῆρι βαλὼν ἐχαράξατο πέτρῳ γαστέρος ἄχρι φανέντα· καὶ αἵματος αἰνογιγάντων ἐκχυμένου ποταμηδὸν Ἄρης ὠλίσθανε λύθρῳ φοινίξας ἑὰ γυῖα, παρισταμένης δὲ κυδοιμῷ 450πορφυρέῃ ῥαθάμιγγι χιτὼν ἐρυθαίνετο Νίκης. ἄλλου μαρναμένοιο παρʼ ἰσχίον ἄορι τύψας συμφυέος διέκερσε σὺν ἰξύι νῶτα βοείης. καὶ φόνος ἄσπετος ἔσκε· δαϊζομένων δὲ Γιγάντων λοίγιος αἱμαλέης ἀνεκήκιεν αὐλὸς ἐέρσης 455ἄορι θεινομένων. ὁ δὲ Παλλάδος ἔμφρονι βουλῇ

Cadmos for all that did not neglect Athena’s injunction. He reaped the stubble of giants springing up ever anew. One he struck with windswift spear over the breast, hit one on the broad neck by the collarbone shearing the bones of the hairy throat: another he tore with hurtling stone while he showed as far as the belly. The blood of the dreadful giants flowed in rivers ; Ares slipt in the gore staining his limbs with crimson, and Victory’s robe was reddened with purple drops while she stood beside the battle. Another showed fight, and Cadmos ran his sword through his cognate shield of oxhide, into the hip-joint and out at the small of his back. The slaughter stayed not : as the giants were cut and smitten with the sword, a deadly spout of bloody dew bubbled up.

456γηγενέων τινὰ πέτρον ἐπῃώρησε καρήνων· οἱ δὲ δαφοινήεντι πόθῳ μεθύοντες Ἐνυοῦς Ἄρεϊ βακχεύθησαν, ὁμογνήτῳ δὲ σιδήρῳ ἀλλήλων ὀλετῆρες ἐτυμβεύοντο κονίῃ. 460ἄλλῳ δʼ ἄλλος ἔριζεν· ἐρευθιόωντι δὲ λύθρῳ στικτὰ διαινομένης ἐμελαίνετο νῶτα βοείης γηγενέος κταμένοιο· κατουδαίης δὲ μαχαίρης γνωτοφόνῳ γλωχῖνι δαΐζετο καρπὸς ἀρούρης.

Then by the wise counsel of Pallas he lifted a stone high above the giants’ heads; and they drunken with gory lust for Enyo, went wild with warlike fury and destroyed each other with the steel their cousin and found burial in the dust. One fought with another : with ruddy gore the surface of the shield was drenched and spotted and darkened, as a giant died ; the crop of that field was shorn by the brother-murdering blade of an earthgrown knife.

People and places in this passage

English translation by W. H. D. Rouse (1940). Original text: W. H. D. Rouse (ed.), Nonnos, Dionysiaca, Loeb Classical Library 344, 354, 356, London: Heinemann; Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1940-1942 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library, Greek text); translation public domain (Rouse, Loeb 1940-42: US copyright not renewed; Rouse died 1950; OCR from the Internet Archive scans). Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.