Nonnus of Panopolis · Dionysiaca Διονυσιακά

Nonnus of Panopolis, Dionysiaca 7.67–149: Book 7: Zeus promises mankind wine and a second Dionysos

Zeus considers in silence and then tells Time not to be angry, since he will give men wine to heal their sorrows. He will bear a son in his own thigh who will plant the vine and be received among the gods. Eros takes out his quiver of twelve arrows, each engraved with the name of a mortal woman, and tips the fifth with ivy. Meanwhile Semele dreams of a tree whose fruit is carried off to Zeus, and her father Cadmos sends her to sacrifice.

Lines 7.67–149 · 835 words · click a number to copy its link
67ὣς φαμένοιο γέροντος ἐπὶ χρόνον ἔμφρονι σιγῇ μῆτιν ἑὴν ἐλέλιζεν ἀτέρμονα μητίετα Ζεύς· καὶ φρενὸς ἡνία λῦσεν· ἐπασσυτέρῃσι δὲ βουλαῖς 70ἐγκεφάλου γονόεντος ἐδινεύοντο μενοιναί. καὶ Κρονίδης Αἰῶνι θεηγόρον ἴαχε φωνὴν ἄξονος ὀμφήεντος ὑπέρτερα θέσφατα φαίνων·

When the ancient had ended, Zeus Allwise for a time turned over his infinite wisdom in thoughtful silence, and gave rein to his mind ; one after another the meditations of that creative brain revolved before him ; and at last Cronides addressed his divine voice to Time, and revealed oracles higher than the prophetic centre :

73Ὦ πάτερ, ἀενάων ἐτέων αὐτόσπορε ποιμήν, μὴ νεμέσα· βροτέη γὰρ ἀώριος οὔ ποτε λήγει 75πληθομένη μινύθουσα φύσις, μίμημα σελήνης. νέκταρ ἔα μακάρεσσι, καὶ ἀνδράσιν ἄλκαρ ἀνίης αὐτοχύτῳ γλυκὺν οἶνον ἐοικότα νέκταρι δώσω· ἄλλο ποτὸν μερόπεσσιν ἐφάρμενον· ἀρχέγονος δὲ ἄχνυται εἰσέτι κόσμος, ἕως ἕνα παῖδα λοχεύσω. 80τίκτω ἐγὼ γενέτης, καὶ τλήσομαι ἄρσενι μηρῷ θηλυτέρας ὠδῖνας, ὅπως ὠδῖνα σαώσω. χθιζὰ μὲν εὐρυάλωος ἐμῆς ὑπὸ νεύματι Δηοῦς γαῖα χαρασσομένη σταχύων μνηστῆρι σιδήρῳ ξηρὸν ἀμαλλοτόκοιο λοχεύσατο καρπὸν ἀρούρης. 85ἤδη δʼ ἀγλαόδωρος ἐμὸς πάις ἐν χθονὶ πήξει ὑγρὸν ἀκεσσιπόνοιο θυώδεα καρπὸν ὀπώρης, νηπενθὴς Διόνυσος, ἀπενθέα βότρυν ἀέξων, ἀντίπαλος Δήμητρι· καὶ αἰνήσεις με δοκεύων ἄμπελον οἰνοτόκοισιν ἐρευθιόωσαν ἐέρσαις 90εὐφροσύνης κήρυκα, καὶ ἀγρονόμους παρὰ ληνῷ ποσσὶ βαρυνομένοισιν ἐπιθλίβοντας ὀπώρην, Βασσαρίδων τε φάλαγγα φιλεύιον ὑψόθεν ὤμων ἄπλοκον αἰθύσσουσαν ἐς ἠέρα λυσσάδα χαίτην· καὶ φρένα βακχεύσαντες ἀμοιβαίοισι κυπέλλοις 95πάντες ἀνευάξουσιν ἐπʼ εὐκελάδοιο τραπέζης ἀνδρομέης Διόνυσον ἀλεξητῆρα γενέθλης· τοῦτον ἀεθλεύσαντα μετὰ χθόνα σύνδρομον ἄστρων, γηγενέων μετὰ δῆριν, ὁμοῦ μετὰ φύλοπιν Ἰνδῶν Ζηνὶ συναστράπτοντα δεδέξεται αἰόλος αἰθήρ. 100καὶ θεὸς ἡμερίδων ἐπικείμενον οἴνοπι κισσῷ ὡς στέφος ἑρπηστῆρα περὶ πλοκάμοισιν ἑλίξας . . . σῆμα νέης θεότητος ἔχων ὀφιώδεα μίτρην· καὶ μακάρων ὁμότιμος ἐπώνυμος ἀνδράσιν ἔσται ἀμπελόεις Διόνυσος, ἅτε χρυσόρραπις Ἑρμῆς, 105χάλκεος ὥς περ Ἄρης, ἑκατηβόλος ὥς περ Ἀπόλλων. εἶπε πατήρ· Μοῖραι δὲ συνῄνεον· ἀμφὶ δὲ μύθῳ ἐσσομένων κήρυκες ἐπέπταρον εὔποδες Ὧραι. καὶ τὰ μὲν ὣς εἰπόντε διέτμαγεν, ὃς μὲν ἱκάνων

“Father self-begotten, of the ever-flowing years, be not angry ; the human race waxes and wanes like the moon, and never fails or forgets its season. Leave nectar to the Blessed and I will give mankind to heal their sorrows delicious wine, another drink like nectar self-distilled, and one suited to mortals. The world will sorrow still, until he is delivered of one child. I am father and mother both ; I shall suffer the woman’s pangs in my man’s thigh, that I may save the fruit of my […]. Yesterday at the nod of my Deo, lady of wide threshing-floors, the earth dug by the iron wooer ; of corn was delivered of the dry fruit of the sheaf-bearing soil. Now also my son, bringer of a glorious gift, shall plant in the earth the moist fragrant fruit of vintage, the Allheal—my son Dionysos Alljoy will cherish the nosorrow grape, and rival Demeter. Then you will commend me when you watch the vine reddening with wine-teeming dew, herald of the merry heart and the countrymen at the winepress treading the fruit with heavy feet ; and the revelling company of Bassarids shaking their mad hair unkempt into the wind over their shoulders. Then all in jubilation will cry Euoi over the echoing table with mutual toasts, in honour of Dionysos the protector of the human race. This my son after struggles on earth, after the battle with the giants, after the Indian War, will be received by the bright upper air to shine beside Zeus and to share the courses of the stars. So the god shall wind a tendril of garden vines laid upon the bright ivy round his locks for his garland, having a serpent-coronet as a sign of new godhead. He shall have equal honour with the gods, and among men he shall be named Dionysos of the Vine, as Hermes called Goldenrod, Ares Brazen, Apollo Farshooter.

109οἶκον ἐς Ἁρμονίης, ὁ δὲ ποικίλον εἰς δόμον Ἥρης. 110καὶ σοφὸς αὐτοδίδακτος Ἔρως αἰῶνα νομεύων πρωτογόνου Χάεος ζοφεροὺς πυλεῶνας ἀράξας ἰοδόκην ἐκόμισσε θεήλατον, ᾗ ἔνι μούνῃ εἰς πόθον ἀλλοπρόσαλλον ἐπιχθονίων ὑμεναίων Ζηνὶ πυριτρεφέες πεφυλαγμένοι ἦσαν ὀιστοὶ

The Father spoke, the Portioners applauded ; at his words the light-foot Seasons shouted as a […] of things to come. Their parley done they separated, Time to Harmonia’s house, the other to the fine-wrought chamber of Hera.

115δώδεκα, καὶ χρύσειον ἔπος μετρηδὸν ἑκάστῳ ἔγραφεν εἰς μέσα νῶτα ποθοβλήτοιο φαρέτρης· πρῶτος ἄγει Κρονίωνα βοώπιδος εἰς λέχος Ἰοῦς· δεύτερος Εὐρώπην μνηστεύεται ἅρπαγι ταύρῳ· Πλουτοῦς εἰς ὑμέναιον ἄγει τρίτος ἀρχὸν Ὀλύμπου· 120τέτρατος εἰς Δανάην καλέει χρύσειον ἀκοίτην· πέμπτος ἐπεντύνει Σεμέλῃ φλογεροὺς ὑμεναίους· αἰετὸν Αἰγίνῃ πρόμον αἰθέρος ἕκτος ὀπάζει· ἕβδομος Ἀντιόπην Σατύρῳ δολόεντι συνάπτει· ὄγδοος ἔμφρονα κύκνον ἄγει γυμνόχροϊ Λήδῃ· 125εἴνατος ἵππια λέκτρα φέρει Περραιβίδι Δίῃ· θέλγεται Ἀλκμήνης δεκάτῳ τρισέληνος ἀκοίτης· ἑνδέκατος μεθέπει νυμφεύματα Λαοδαμείης· δωδέκατος τρισέλικτον Ὀλυμπιάδος πόσιν ἕλκει. ἀλλʼ ὅτε πάντας ὄπωπεν Ἔρως στοιχηδὸν ἀφάσσων,

Now Eros the wise, the self-taught, the manager of the ages, knocked at the gloomy gates of primeval Chaos. He took out the divine quiver, in which were kept apart twelve firefed arrows for Zeus, when his desire turned towards one or another of mortal women for a bride. Right on the back of his quiver of love-bolts he had engraved with letters of gold a sentence in verse for each : The ninth a noble stallion gives unto Perrhaibid Dia.” The tenth three full-moon nights of bliss gives to Alcmena’s bedmate. The eleventh goes to carry out Laodameia’s bridal.” The twelfth draws to Olympias her thrice-encircling husband,”

130ἄλλους μὲν μεθέηκε πυριγλώχινας ὀιστούς, χειρὶ δὲ πέμπτον ἄειρε καὶ ἥρμοσεν αἴθοπι νευρῇ κισσὸν ἐπὶ γλωχῖνι βαλὼν πτερόεντος ὀιστοῦ, δαίμονος ἀμπελόεντος ἵνα στέφος ἅρμενον εἴη, νεκταρέου κρητῆρος ὅλον βέλος ἰκμάδι βάψας, 135νεκταρέην ἵνα Βάκχος ἀεξήσειεν ὀπώρην. ὄφρα μὲν εἰς Διὸς οἶκον Ἔρως κουφίζετο παλμῷ, τόφρα δὲ καὶ Σεμέλη ῥοδοειδέι σύνδρομος ὄρθρῳ

When Eros had seen and handled each in turn, he put back the other fire-barbed shafts, and taking the fifth he fitted it to the shining bowstring but first he put a sprig of ivy on the barb of the winged arrow, to be a fitting chaplet for the god of the vine, and dipt the whole shaft in a bowl of nectar, that Bacchos might grow a nectareal vintage,

138ἀργυρέης ἐτίταινε διʼ ἄστεος ἦχον ἱμάσθλης ἡμιόνους ἐλάουσα, καὶ ὄρθιος ἄκρα κονίης 140λεπτὸς ἐυκνήμιδος ἐπέγραφεν ὁλκὸς ἀπήνης· ὄμμασι γὰρ Ληθαῖον ἀμεργομένη πτερὸν Ὕπνου ἀντιτύπῳ πόμπευεν ἀλήμονα θυμὸν ὀνείρῳ θέσφατα ποικίλλοντι, καὶ ἀρτιγόνοισι κορύμβοις ἔλπετο καλλιπέτηλον ἰδεῖν φυτὸν ἔνδοθι κήπου 145ἔγχλοον, οἰδαλέῳ βεβαρημένον ὄμφακι καρπῷ, νιφόμενον Κρονίωνος ἀεξιφύτοισιν ἐέρσαις· ἐξαπίνης δὲ πεσοῦσα διʼ αἰθέρος οὐρανίη φλὸξ δένδρον ὅλον πρήνιξεν, ἑοῦ δʼ οὐχ ἥπτετο καρποῦ· ἀλλά μιν ἁρπάξας τανυσίπτερος ὄρνις ἀλήτης

While Eros was fluttering along to the house of Zeus, Semele also was out with the rosy morning, shaking the cracks of her silver whip while she drove her mules through the city ; and the light straight track of her cartwheels only scratched the very top of the dust. She had brushed away from her eyes the oblivious wing of sleep, and sent her mind wandering after the image of a dream with riddling oracles. She thought she saw in a garden a tree with fair air from heaven, and laid the whole tree flat, but did not touch its fruit ; then a bird flying with outspread wings caught up the fruit half-grown, and carried it yet lacking maturity to Cronion. The Father received it in his kindly bosom, and sewed it up in his thigh ; then instead of the fruit, a bull-horned figure of a man came forth complete over his loins. Semele was the tree. The girl leapt from her couch trembling, and told her father the terrifying tale of leafy dreams and fiery blast. King Cadmos was shaken when he heard of Semele’s fire-burnt tree, and that same morn he summoned the divine seer Teiresias son of Chariclo, and told him his daughter’s fiery dreams. As soon as he heard the seer’s inspired interpretation, the father sent his daughter to their familiar temple of Athena, and bade her sacrifice to thunder-hurling Zeus a bull, the image of like-horned Lysios, and a boar, vine-ravaging enemy of the vintage to […] […] […] […] […] […] […] […] […] […] […] […]

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English translation by W. H. D. Rouse (1940). Original text: W. H. D. Rouse (ed.), Nonnos, Dionysiaca, Loeb Classical Library 344, 354, 356, London: Heinemann; Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1940-1942 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library, Greek text); translation public domain (Rouse, Loeb 1940-42: US copyright not renewed; Rouse died 1950; OCR from the Internet Archive scans). Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.