Nonnus of Panopolis · Dionysiaca Διονυσιακά

Nonnus of Panopolis, Dionysiaca 7.150–254: Book 7: Semele washes in the Asopos

Semele goes out to sacrifice at the altar of Zeus and is drenched with the blood of the victims. She bathes her robes in the river Asopos while Erinys looks on and laughs. Zeus sees her and takes the shape of an eagle to come nearer, and a naiad of the river wonders aloud whether she is Selene or a goddess.

Lines 7.150–254 · 886 words · click a number to copy its link
150ἡμιτελῆ χατέοντα τελεσσιγόνοιο λοχείης ὤρεγε μὲν Κρονίωνι· πατὴρ δέ μιν ἡδέι κόλπῳ

Now the maiden went forth from the city to kindle the altar of Zeus Lord of lightning. She stood by the victims and sprinkled her bosom with the blood ; her body was drenched with blood, plentiful streams of blood soaked her hair, her clothes were crimsoned with drops from the bull. Then with robes discoloured she made her way along the meadow deep in rushes, beside Asopos the river of her birthplace, and plunged in his waters to wash clean the garments which had been drenched and marked by the showers of blood.

152δέκτο λαβών, μηρῷ δὲ συνέρραφεν· ἀντὶ δὲ καρποῦ ταυροφυὴς κερόεντι τύπῳ μορφούμενος ἀνὴρ αὐτοτελὴς βλάστησεν ὑπὲρ βουβῶνα τοκῆος· 155καὶ Σεμέλη φυτὸν ἦεν, ὑπερφρίσσουσα δὲ κούρη ἐκ λεχέων ἀνέπαλτο καὶ ἐπτοίησε τοκῆα εὐπετάλων ἐνέπουσα σελασφόρον ἀτμὸν ὀνείρων. καὶ Σεμέλης δεδόνητο φυτὸν πυρίκαυτον ἀκούων Κάδμος ἄναξ· καλέσας δὲ θεηγόρον υἷα Χαρικλοῦς 160πρώιος αἰθαλόεντας ἐπέφραδε παιδὸς ὀνείρους. καὶ τότε Τειρεσίαο δεδεγμένος ἔνθεον ὀμφὴν παῖδα πατὴρ προέηκεν ἐς ἠθάδα νηὸν Ἀθήνης Ζηνὶ θυηπολέουσαν ἀκοντιστῆρι κεραυνοῦ ταῦρον ὁμοκραίροιο φυῆς ἴνδαλμα Λυαίου, 165καὶ τράγον ἐσσομένης σταφυλητόμον ἐχθρὸν ὀπώρης. ἔνθεν ἔβη πρὸ πόληος, ὅπως Διὶ βωμὸν ἀνάψῃ,

Erinys the Avenger flying by in the air saw Semele bathing in the waters of Asopos, and laughed as she thought how Zeus was to strike both with his thunderbolt in one common fate. There the maiden cleansed her body, and naked with her attendants moved through the water with her hands ; she kept her head stretched well above the stream unwetted, by the art she knew so well, under water to the hair and no farther, breasting the current and treading the water back with alternate feet.

167ἀστεροπῆς μεδέοντι· παρισταμένη δὲ θυηλαῖς αἵματι κόλπον ἔδευσε, φόνῳ δʼ ἐρραίνετο κούρη· καὶ πλοκάμους ἐδίηναν ἀφειδέες αἵματος ὁλκοί, 170καὶ βοέαις λιβάδεσσιν ἐπορφύροντο χιτῶνες· καὶ δρόμον ἰθύνουσα βαθυσχοίνῳ παρὰ ποίῃ γείτονος Ἀσωποῖο μετέστιχε πάτριον ὕδωρ παρθένος αἰολόπεπλος, ἵνα σμήξειε ῥεέθροις στικτὰ πολυρραθάμιγγι δεδευμένα φάρεα λύθρῳ. 175καὶ φόρον ἄλλον ἔδεκτο, καὶ ὑψόθι γείτονος ὄχθης ἠῴην παρὰ πέζαν ἀλεξικάκου Διονύσου εἰς ῥόον, εἰς ἀνέμους ἀπεσείσατο τάρβος ὀνείρων. οὐκ ἀθεεὶ δὲ ῥέεθρα μετήιεν, ἀλλά ἑ κείνου εἰς προχοὰς ποταμοῖο προμάντιες ἤγαγον Ὧραι

There she received a new dress, and mounting upon the neighbouring riverbank, by the eastern strand which belonged to Dionysos the Guardian Spirit, she shook off into the winds and waters all the terror of her dreams. Not without God she […] into the water, but she was led to that river’s flow by the prophetic Seasons,

180καὶ Σεμέλην ὁρόωσα παρʼ Ἀσωποῖο ῥεέθροις λουομένην ἐγέλασσεν ἐν ἠέρι φοιτὰς Ἐρινὺς μνησαμένη Κρονίωνος, ὅτι ξυνήονι πότμῳ ἀμφοτέρους ἤμελλε βαλεῖν φλογόεντι κεραυνῷ. κεῖθι δέμας φαίδρυνε, σὺν ἀμφιπόλοισι δὲ γυμνὴ 185χεῖρας ἐρετμώσασα διʼ ὕδατος ἔτρεχε κούρη· καὶ κεφαλὴν ἀδίαντον ἐκούφισεν ἴδμονι τέχνῃ ὕψι τιταινομένην ὑπὲρ οἴδματος, ἄχρι κομάων ὑγροβαφής, καὶ στέρνον ἐπιστορέσασα ῥεέθρῳ ποσσὶν ἀμοιβαίοισιν ὀπίστερον ὤθεεν ὕδωρ. 190οὐδὲ Διὸς λάθεν ὄμμα πανόψιον· ἀμφὶ δὲ κούρῃ ὑψιφανὴς ἐλέλιζεν ἀτέρμονα κύκλον ὀπωπῆς. καὶ βιοτῆς ἐπίκουρον ἐν ἠέρι τόξον ἀνέλκων πατρὸς ὀπιπευτῆρος Ἔρως ἀντώπιος ἔστη, τοξευτὴρ ἀκίχητος· ἐπʼ ἀνθοκόμῳ δὲ βελέμνῳ 195νευρὴ μὲν σελάγιζεν, ὀπισθοτόνοιο δὲ τόξου ἑλκομένου ῥοίζησε σοφὸν βέλος Εὔιον ἠχώ. Ζεὺς δὲ πατὴρ σκοπὸς ἦεν ὁ τηλίκος· οὐτιδανῷ δὲ αὐχένα κάμψεν Ἔρωτι· καὶ εἴκελος ἀστέρος ὁλκῷ συριγμῷ γαμίῳ δεδονημένος ἰὸς Ἐρώτων 200εἰς κραδίην Διὸς ἦλθε παράτροπος ἔμφρονι παλμῷ, ἀκροτάταις γλυφίδεσσιν ἐπιγράψας πτύχα μηροῦ, ἐσσομένου τοκετοῖο προάγγελος. ἔνθα Κρονίων ἄστατον ὄμμα φέρων γαμίης ὀχετηγὸν ἀνάγκης παρθενικῆς ἐς ἔρωτα πόθου μαστίζετο κεστῷ· 205καὶ Σεμέλην ὁρόων ἀνεπάλλετο, μὴ σχεδὸν ὄχθης Εὐρώπην ἐνόησε τὸ δεύτερον· ἐν κραδίῃ δὲ κάμνε πάλιν Φοίνικα φέρων πόθον· ἀγλαΐης γὰρ τῆς αὐτῆς τύπον εἶχεν, ἀεὶ δέ οἱ ἀμφὶ προσώπῳ πατροκασιγνήτης ἀμαρύσσετο σύγγονος αἴγλη. 210Ζεὺς δὲ πατὴρ δολόεσσαν ἑὴν ἠλλάξατο μορφήν, καὶ Σεμέλης διʼ ἔρωτα προώριος αἰετὸς ἔπτη ὑψόθεν Ἀσωποῖο, θυγατρογόνου ποταμοῖο,

Nor did the allseeing eye of Zeus fail to see her: from the heights he turned the infinite circle of his vision upon the girl. At this moment Eros stood before the father, who watched her, and the inexorable archer drew in the air that bow which fosters life. The bowstring sparkled over the flower-decked shaft, and as the bow was drawn stretched back the […] missile sounded the Bacchic strain. Zeus was the butt—for all his greatness he bowed his neck to Eros the nobody. And like a shooting star the shaft of love flew spinning into the heart of Zeus, with a bridal whistle, but swerving with a calculated twist it had just scratched his rounded thigh with its grooves—a foretaste of the birth to come. Then Cronion quickly turned the eye which was the channel of desire, and the love-charm fogged him into passion for the girl. At the sight of Semele, he leapt up, in wonder if it were Europa whom he saw on that bank a second time, his heart was troubled as if he felt again his Phoinician passion ; for she had the same radiant shape, and on her face gleamed as born in her the brightness of her father’s sister.

213Αἰγίνης ἅτε μάντις ἐυπτερύγων ὑμεναίων ὀξυφαὲς μίμημα φέρων ὄρνιθος ὀπωπῆς· 215αἰθέρα δὲ προλέλοιπε καὶ ἀγχιπόρου σχεδὸν ὄχθης γυμνὸν ἐυπλοκάμοιο δέμας διεμέτρεε κούρης· οὐ γὰρ ἰδεῖν μενέαινεν ἀπόπροθεν, ἀλλὰ δοκεύειν ἀγχιφανὴς πάνλευκον ὅλον δέμας ἤθελε νύμφης, ὅττι τόσον καὶ τοῖον ἀτέρμονα πάντοθι πέμπων 220ὀφθαλμὸν περίμετρον, ὅλου θηήτορα κόσμου,

Father Zeus now deceitfully changed his form, and in his love, before the due season, he flew above River Asopos, the father of a daughter, as an eagle with eye sharp-shining like the bird, as he were now presaging the winged bridal of Aigina. He left the sky, and approaching the bank of the near flowing river he scanned the naked body of the girl with her lovely hair. For he was not content to see from afar; he wished to come near and examine all the pure white body of the maiden, though he could send that eye so great—such an eye ranging to infinity all round about, surveying all the universe, yet he thought it not enough to look at one unwedded girl.

221ἄρκιον οὐ δοκέεσκεν ἰδεῖν μίαν ἄζυγα κούρην. καὶ ῥοδέοις μελέεσσιν ἐφοινίχθη μέλαν ὕδωρ, καὶ ῥόος ἱμερόεις ποταμήιος ἔπλετο λειμὼν ἀστράπτων Χαρίτεσσιν· ὀπιπεύουσα δὲ νύμφην 225νηιὰς ἀκρήδεμνος ἀνήρυγε θαύματι φωνήν· Μὴ προτέρην μετὰ Κύπριν ἀμερσιγάμῳ Κρόνος ἅρπῃ μήδεα πατρὸς ἔτεμνεν, ἕως πάλιν ἀφρὸς ἐχέφρων εἰς τόκον αὐτοτέλεστον ἄγων μορφούμενον ὕδωρ ὁπλοτέρην ὤδινε θαλασσαίην Ἀφροδίτην; 230μὴ ποταμὸς μετὰ πόντον ὁμοζήλοισι λοχείαις κύματος αὐτογόνοιο λεχώιον ὁλκὸν ἑλίσσων ἄλλην Κύπριν ἔτικτε, καὶ οὐχ ὑπόειξε θαλάσσῃ; μὴ μία Μουσάων τις ἐμὸν πατρώιον ὕδωρ γείτονος ἐξ Ἑλικῶνος ἐδύσατο, καί τινι πηγῆς 235Πηγασίδος προλέλοιπε μελισταγὲς ἵππιον ὕδωρ ἢ ῥόον Ὀλμειοῖο; τιταινομένην δὲ ῥεέθροις παρθένον ἀργυρόπεζαν ἔσω ποταμοῖο δοκεύω· πείθομαι, ὡς ἐθέλουσα μολεῖν ἐπὶ Λάτμιον εὐνὴν εἰς λέχος Ἐνδυμίωνος, ἀκοιμήτοιο νομῆος, 240λούεται Ἀονίῃσιν ἐνὶ προχοῇσι Σελήνη· εἰ δὲ δέμας φαίδρυνε χάριν γλυκεροῖο νομῆος, τί χρέος Ἀσωποῖο μετὰ ῥόον Ὠκεανοῖο; εἰ δὲ καὶ αἰθερίην μεθέπει χιονώδεα μορφήν, μήνης ποῖον ἔχει σημήιον; ἀστομίων γὰρ 245οὐρήων ζυγόδεσμα καὶ ἀργυρόκυκλος ἀπήνη αἰγιαλῷ παρέασιν, ὑποζεῦξαι δὲ λεπάδνῳ ἡμιόνους οὐκ οἶδε βοῶν ἐλάτειρα Σελήνη. εἰ δέ τις οὐρανίη θεὸς ἤλυθε—παρθενικῆς γὰρ γλαυκὰ γαληναίων βλεφάρων ἀμαρύγματα λεύσσω—, 250καὶ τάχα Τειρεσίαο παλαιοτέρην μετὰ νείκην λούσατο δέρμα βαλοῦσα πάλιν γλαυκῶπις Ἀθήνη. κούρη μὲν ῥοδόπηχυς ἔχει θεοειδέα μορφήν· εἰ δέ μιν ἀγλαόφορτος ἐπιχθονίη τέκε γαστήρ, αἰθερίων Κρονίωνος ἐπάξιος ἔπλετο λέκτρων.

Her rosy limbs made the dark water glow red ; the stream became a lovely meadow gleaming with such graces. An unveiled naiad espying the nymph in wonder, cried out these words : Can it be that Cronos, after the first Cypris again cut his father’s loins with unmanning sickle, until the foam got a mind and made the water shape itself into a self-perfected birth, delivered of a younger Aphrodite from the sea? Can it be that the river has rivalled the deep with a childbirth, and rolled a torrent of self-pregnant waves to bring forth another Cypris, not to be outdone by the sea? Can it be that one of the Muses has dived from neighbouring Helicon into my native water, and left another to take the honeydripping water of Pegasos the horse, or the stream of Olmeios ? I spy a silver-footed maiden stretched under the streams of my river ! I believe Selene bathes in the Aonian waves on her way to Endymion’s bed on Latmos, the bed of a shepherd ; but if she has prinked herself out for her sweet shepherd, what’s the […] of Asopos after the Ocean stream ? And if she has a body white as the snows of heaven, what mark of the Moon has she ? A team of mules unbridled and a mule-cart with silver wheels are there on the beach, but Selene knows not how to put mules to her yokestraps ; she drives a team of bulls! Or if it is a goddess come down from heaven—I see a maiden’s bright eyes sparkling under the quiet eyelids, and it must be Athena Brighteyes bathing, when she threw the skin back at him after the old victory over Teiresias. This girl looks like a divine being with her rosy arms; but if she was the glorious burden of a mortal womb, she is worthy of the heavenly bed of Cronion.”

People and places in this passage

English translation by W. H. D. Rouse (1940). Original text: W. H. D. Rouse (ed.), Nonnos, Dionysiaca, Loeb Classical Library 344, 354, 356, London: Heinemann; Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1940-1942 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library, Greek text); translation public domain (Rouse, Loeb 1940-42: US copyright not renewed; Rouse died 1950; OCR from the Internet Archive scans). Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.