Homer · Iliad Ἰλιάς

Homer, Iliad 23.534–650: Funeral games: the chariot race prizes

Achilles, pitying Eumelus, proposes to give him the second prize, and Antilochus protests that this is unfair. Menelaus accuses Antilochus of cheating and challenges him to swear an oath, and Antilochus gives way and yields the mare. Menelaus is satisfied, and gives it back to him, and Achilles gives Nestor, who did not compete, a prize of his own.

Lines 23.534–650 · 1347 words · click a number to copy its link
534τὸν δὲ ἰδὼν ᾤκτειρε ποδάρκης δῖος Ἀχιλλεύς, 535στὰς δʼ ἄρʼ ἐν Ἀργείοις ἔπεα πτερόεντʼ ἀγόρευε· λοῖσθος ἀνὴρ ὤριστος ἐλαύνει μώνυχας ἵππους· ἀλλʼ ἄγε δή οἱ δῶμεν ἀέθλιον ὡς ἐπιεικὲς δεύτερʼ· ἀτὰρ τὰ πρῶτα φερέσθω Τυδέος υἱός. ὣς ἔφαθʼ, οἳ δʼ ἄρα πάντες ἐπῄνεον ὡς ἐκέλευε. 540καί νύ κέ οἱ πόρεν ἵππον, ἐπῄνησαν γὰρ Ἀχαιοί, εἰ μὴ ἄρʼ Ἀντίλοχος μεγαθύμου Νέστορος υἱὸς Πηλεΐδην Ἀχιλῆα δίκῃ ἠμείψατʼ ἀναστάς· ὦ Ἀχιλεῦ μάλα τοι κεχολώσομαι αἴ κε τελέσσῃς τοῦτο ἔπος· μέλλεις γὰρ ἀφαιρήσεσθαι ἄεθλον 545τὰ φρονέων ὅτι οἱ βλάβεν ἅρματα καὶ ταχέʼ ἵππω αὐτός τʼ ἐσθλὸς ἐών· ἀλλʼ ὤφελεν ἀθανάτοισιν εὔχεσθαι· τό κεν οὔ τι πανύστατος ἦλθε διώκων. εἰ δέ μιν οἰκτίρεις καί τοι φίλος ἔπλετο θυμῷ ἔστί τοι ἐν κλισίῃ χρυσὸς πολύς, ἔστι δὲ χαλκὸς 550καὶ πρόβατʼ, εἰσὶ δέ τοι δμῳαὶ καὶ μώνυχες ἵπποι· τῶν οἱ ἔπειτʼ ἀνελὼν δόμεναι καὶ μεῖζον ἄεθλον ἠὲ καὶ αὐτίκα νῦν, ἵνα σʼ αἰνήσωσιν Ἀχαιοί.

And at sight of him swift-footed, goodly Achilles had pity and he stood up amid the Argives, and spake winged words: Lo, in the last place driveth his single-hooved horses the man that is far the best. But come, let us give him a prize, as is meet, a prize for the second place; but the first let the son of Tydeus bear away. So spake he, and they all assented even as he bade. And now would he have given him the mare —for the Achaeans assented thereto —but that Antilochus, son of great-souled Nestor, uprose and answered Achilles, son of Peleus, to claim his due: Achilles, sore wroth shall I be with thee if thou fulfill this word, for thou art minded to rob me of my prize, bethinking thee of this, how his chariot and his swift honses came to harm, and himself withal, good man though he be. Nay, he should have made prayer to the immortals, then had he nowise come in last of all in the race. But if so be thou pitiest him, and he be dear to thy heart, lo, in thy hut is great store of gold, and bronze is there and sheep, aye, and handmaids too, and single-hooved horses. Thereof do thou hereafter take and give him even a goodlier prize, or even now forthwith, that the Achaeans may applaud thee.

553τὴν δʼ ἐγὼ οὐ δώσω· περὶ δʼ αὐτῆς πειρηθήτω ἀνδρῶν ὅς κʼ ἐθέλῃσιν ἐμοὶ χείρεσσι μάχεσθαι. 555ὣς φάτο, μείδησεν δὲ ποδάρκης δῖος Ἀχιλλεὺς χαίρων Ἀντιλόχῳ, ὅτι οἱ φίλος ἦεν ἑταῖρος· καί μιν ἀμειβόμενος ἔπεα πτερόεντα προσηύδα· Ἀντίλοχʼ, εἰ μὲν δή με κελεύεις οἴκοθεν ἄλλο Εὐμήλῳ ἐπιδοῦναι, ἐγὼ δέ κε καὶ τὸ τελέσσω. 560δώσω οἱ θώρηκα, τὸν Ἀστεροπαῖον ἀπηύρων χάλκεον, ᾧ πέρι χεῦμα φαεινοῦ κασσιτέροιο ἀμφιδεδίνηται· πολέος δέ οἱ ἄξιος ἔσται. ἦ ῥα, καὶ Αὐτομέδοντι φίλῳ ἐκέλευσεν ἑταίρῳ οἰσέμεναι κλισίηθεν· ὃ δʼ ᾤχετο καί οἱ ἔνεικεν, 565Εὐμήλῳ δʼ ἐν χερσὶ τίθει· ὃ δὲ δέξατο χαίρων. τοῖσι δὲ καὶ Μενέλαος ἀνίστατο θυμὸν ἀχεύων Ἀντιλόχῳ ἄμοτον κεχολωμένος· ἐν δʼ ἄρα κῆρυξ χειρὶ σκῆπτρον ἔθηκε, σιωπῆσαί τε κέλευσεν Ἀργείους· ὃ δʼ ἔπειτα μετηύδα ἰσόθεος φώς· 570Ἀντίλοχε πρόσθεν πεπνυμένε ποῖον ἔρεξας. ᾔσχυνας μὲν ἐμὴν ἀρετήν, βλάψας δέ μοι ἵππους τοὺς σοὺς πρόσθε βαλών, οἵ τοι πολὺ χείρονες ἦσαν.

But the mare will I not yield; for her let any man that will, essay to do battle with me by might of hand. So spake he , and swift-footed, goodly Achilles smiled, having joy in Antilochus, for that he was his dear comrade; and he made answer, and spake to him winged words: Antilochus, if thou wilt have men give to Eumelus some other thing from out my house as a further prize, even this will I do. I will give him the corselet that I took from Asteropaeus; of bronze is it, and thereon is set in circles a casting of bright tin, and it shall be to him a thing of great worth. He spake, and bade his dear comrade Automedon bring it from the hut and he went and brought it, and placed it in Eumelus' hands and he received it gladly. Then among them uprose also Menelaus, sore vexed at heart, furiously wroth at Antilochus; and a herald gave the staff into his hand, and proclaimed silence among the Argives; and thereafter spake among them the godlike man: Antilochus, thou that aforetime wast wise, what a thing hast thou wrought! Thou hast put my skill to shame and hast thwarted my horses, thrusting to the front thine own that were worser far.

573ἀλλʼ ἄγετʼ Ἀργείων ἡγήτορες ἠδὲ μέδοντες ἐς μέσον ἀμφοτέροισι δικάσσατε, μὴ δʼ ἐπʼ ἀρωγῇ, 575μή ποτέ τις εἴπῃσιν Ἀχαιῶν χαλκοχιτώνων· Ἀντίλοχον ψεύδεσσι βιησάμενος Μενέλαος οἴχεται ἵππον ἄγων, ὅτι οἱ πολὺ χείρονες ἦσαν ἵπποι, αὐτὸς δὲ κρείσσων ἀρετῇ τε βίῃ τε. εἰ δʼ ἄγʼ ἐγὼν αὐτὸς δικάσω, καί μʼ οὔ τινά φημι 580ἄλλον ἐπιπλήξειν Δαναῶν· ἰθεῖα γὰρ ἔσται. Ἀντίλοχʼ εἰ δʼ ἄγε δεῦρο διοτρεφές, ἣ θέμις ἐστί, στὰς ἵππων προπάροιθε καὶ ἅρματος, αὐτὰρ ἱμάσθλην χερσὶν ἔχε ῥαδινήν, ᾗ περ τὸ πρόσθεν ἔλαυνες, ἵππων ἁψάμενος γαιήοχον ἐννοσίγαιον 585ὄμνυθι μὴ μὲν ἑκὼν τὸ ἐμὸν δόλῳ ἅρμα πεδῆσαι. τὸν δʼ αὖτʼ Ἀντίλοχος πεπνυμένος ἀντίον ηὔδα· ἄνσχεο νῦν· πολλὸν γὰρ ἔγωγε νεώτερός εἰμι σεῖο ἄναξ Μενέλαε, σὺ δὲ πρότερος καὶ ἀρείων. οἶσθʼ οἷαι νέου ἀνδρὸς ὑπερβασίαι τελέθουσι· 590κραιπνότερος μὲν γάρ τε νόος, λεπτὴ δέ τε μῆτις.

Come now, ye leaders and rulers of the Argives, judge ye aright betwixt us twain, neither have regard unto either, lest in aftertime some one of the brazen-coated Achaeans shall say: ‘Over Antilochus did Menelaus prevail by lies, and depart with the mare, for that his horses were worser far, but himself the mightier in worth and in power.’ Nay, but I will myself declare the right, and I deem that none other of the Danaans shall reproach me, for my judgement shall be just. Antilochus, fostered of Zeus, up, come thou hither and, as is the appointed way, stand thou before thy horses and chariot, and take in hand the slender lash with which aforetimethou wast wont to drive, and laying thy hand on thy horses swear by him that holdeth and shaketh the earth that not of thine own will didst thou hinder my chariot by guile. Then in turn wise Antilochus answered him: Bear with me, now, for far younger am I than thou, king Menelaus, and thou art the elder and the better man. Thou knowest of what sort are the transgressions of a man that he is young, for hasty is he of purpose and but slender is his wit.

591τώ τοι ἐπιτλήτω κραδίη· ἵππον δέ τοι αὐτὸς δώσω, τὴν ἀρόμην. εἰ καί νύ κεν οἴκοθεν ἄλλο μεῖζον ἐπαιτήσειας, ἄφαρ κέ τοι αὐτίκα δοῦναι βουλοίμην ἢ σοί γε διοτρεφὲς ἤματα πάντα 595ἐκ θυμοῦ πεσέειν καὶ δαίμοσιν εἶναι ἀλιτρός. ἦ ῥα καὶ ἵππον ἄγων μεγαθύμου Νέστορος υἱὸς ἐν χείρεσσι τίθει Μενελάου· τοῖο δὲ θυμὸς ἰάνθη ὡς εἴ τε περὶ σταχύεσσιν ἐέρση ληΐου ἀλδήσκοντος, ὅτε φρίσσουσιν ἄρουραι· 600ὣς ἄρα σοὶ Μενέλαε μετὰ φρεσὶ θυμὸς ἰάνθη. καί μιν φωνήσας ἔπεα πτερόεντα προσηύδα· Ἀντίλοχε νῦν μέν τοι ἐγὼν ὑποείξομαι αὐτὸς χωόμενος, ἐπεὶ οὔ τι παρήορος οὐδʼ ἀεσίφρων ἦσθα πάρος· νῦν αὖτε νόον νίκησε νεοίη. 605δεύτερον αὖτʼ ἀλέασθαι ἀμείνονας ἠπεροπεύειν. οὐ γάρ κέν με τάχʼ ἄλλος ἀνὴρ παρέπεισεν Ἀχαιῶν. ἀλλὰ σὺ γὰρ δὴ πολλὰ πάθες καὶ πολλὰ μόγησας σός τε πατὴρ ἀγαθὸς καὶ ἀδελφεὸς εἵνεκʼ ἐμεῖο· τώ τοι λισσομένῳ ἐπιπείσομαι, ἠδὲ καὶ ἵππον 610δώσω ἐμήν περ ἐοῦσαν, ἵνα γνώωσι καὶ οἵδε ὡς ἐμὸς οὔ ποτε θυμὸς ὑπερφίαλος καὶ ἀπηνής.

Wherefore let thy heart be patient; the mare that I have won will I give thee of my self. Aye, and if thou shouldst ask some other goodlier thing from out my house, forthwith were I fain to give it thee out of hand, rather than all my days be cast out of thy heart, thou nurtured of Zeus, and be a sinner in the eyes of the gods. So spake the son of great-souled Nestor, and led up the mare, and gave her into the hands of Menelaus. And his heart was gladdened even as the corn when with the dew upon the ears it waxeth ripe, what time the fields are bristling. In such wise, Menelaus, was thy heart gladdened in thy breast. Then he spake winged words unto Antilochos, saying: Antilochus, lo now, I of myself cease from mine anger against thee, since nowise flighty or light of wit wast thou of old, albeit now hath thy youth got the better of thy reason. Another time seek not to outwit thy betters. Verily not soon should another of the Achaeans have persuaded me, but thou hast suffered greatly and toiled greatly, thou and thy brave father and thy brother, for my sake; wherefore I will hearken to thy prayer, aye, and will give unto thee the mare, for all she is mine own, to the end that these too may know that my heart is never over-haughty neither unbending.

612ἦ ῥα, καὶ Ἀντιλόχοιο Νοήμονι δῶκεν ἑταίρῳ ἵππον ἄγειν· ὃ δʼ ἔπειτα λέβηθʼ ἕλε παμφανόωντα. Μηριόνης δʼ ἀνάειρε δύω χρυσοῖο τάλαντα 615τέτρατος, ὡς ἔλασεν. πέμπτον δʼ ὑπελείπετʼ ἄεθλον, ἀμφίθετος φιάλη· τὴν Νέστορι δῶκεν Ἀχιλλεὺς Ἀργείων ἀνʼ ἀγῶνα φέρων, καὶ ἔειπε παραστάς· τῆ νῦν, καὶ σοὶ τοῦτο γέρον κειμήλιον ἔστω Πατρόκλοιο τάφου μνῆμʼ ἔμμεναι· οὐ γὰρ ἔτʼ αὐτὸν 620ὄψῃ ἐν Ἀργείοισι· δίδωμι δέ τοι τόδʼ ἄεθλον αὔτως· οὐ γὰρ πύξ γε μαχήσεαι, οὐδὲ παλαίσεις, οὐδʼ ἔτʼ ἀκοντιστὺν ἐσδύσεαι, οὐδὲ πόδεσσι θεύσεαι· ἤδη γὰρ χαλεπὸν κατὰ γῆρας ἐπείγει. ὣς εἰπὼν ἐν χερσὶ τίθει· ὃ δʼ ἐδέξατο χαίρων, 625καί μιν φωνήσας ἔπεα πτερόεντα προσηύδα· ναὶ δὴ ταῦτά γε πάντα τέκος κατὰ μοῖραν ἔειπες· οὐ γὰρ ἔτʼ ἔμπεδα γυῖα φίλος πόδες, οὐδέ τι χεῖρες ὤμων ἀμφοτέρωθεν ἐπαΐσσονται ἐλαφραί. εἴθʼ ὣς ἡβώοιμι βίη τέ μοι ἔμπεδος εἴη 630ὡς ὁπότε κρείοντʼ Ἀμαρυγκέα θάπτον Ἐπειοὶ Βουπρασίῳ, παῖδες δʼ ἔθεσαν βασιλῆος ἄεθλα· ἔνθʼ οὔ τίς μοι ὁμοῖος ἀνὴρ γένετʼ, οὔτʼ ἄρʼ Ἐπειῶν οὔτʼ αὐτῶν Πυλίων οὔτʼ Αἰτωλῶν μεγαθύμων.

He spake, and gave the mare unto Nosmon, the comrade of Antilochus, to lead away, and himself thereafter took the shining cauldron. And Meriones took up the two talents of gold in the fourth place, even as he drave; but the fifth prize was left unclaimed, even the two-handled urn. Unto Nestor Achilles gave this, bearing it through the gathering of the Argives; and he came to his side, and said Take this now, old sire, and let it be treasure for thee, a memorial of Patroclus' burying; for nevermore shalt thou behold him among the Argives. Lo, I give thee this prize unwon; for not in boxing shalt thou contend, neither in wrestling, nor shalt thou enter the lists for the casting of javelins, neither run upon thy feet; for now grievous old age weigheth heavy upon thee. So saying he placed the urn in his arms, and Nestor received it gladly, and spake, and addressed him with winged words : Aye, verily, my son, all this hast thou spoken aright, for my limbs, even my feet, are no more firm, O my friend, as of old, nor do my arms as of old dart out lightly from my shoulders on either side. Would that I were young, and my strength were firm as on the day when the Epeians were burying lord Amarynceus at Buprasium, and his sons appointed prizes in honour of the king. Then was there no man that proved himself my peer, neither of the Epeians nor of Pylians themselves nor of the great-souled Aetolians.

634πὺξ μὲν ἐνίκησα Κλυτομήδεα Ἤνοπος υἱόν, 635Ἀγκαῖον δὲ πάλῃ Πλευρώνιον, ὅς μοι ἀνέστη· Ἴφικλον δὲ πόδεσσι παρέδραμον ἐσθλὸν ἐόντα, δουρὶ δʼ ὑπειρέβαλον Φυλῆά τε καὶ Πολύδωρον. οἴοισίν μʼ ἵπποισι παρήλασαν Ἀκτορίωνε πλήθει πρόσθε βαλόντες ἀγασσάμενοι περὶ νίκης, 640οὕνεκα δὴ τὰ μέγιστα παρʼ αὐτόθι λείπετʼ ἄεθλα. οἳ δʼ ἄρʼ ἔσαν δίδυμοι· ὃ μὲν ἔμπεδον ἡνιόχευεν, ἔμπεδον ἡνιόχευʼ, ὃ δʼ ἄρα μάστιγι κέλευεν. ὥς ποτʼ ἔον· νῦν αὖτε νεώτεροι ἀντιοώντων ἔργων τοιούτων· ἐμὲ δὲ χρὴ γήραϊ λυγρῷ 645πείθεσθαι, τότε δʼ αὖτε μετέπρεπον ἡρώεσσιν. ἀλλʼ ἴθι καὶ σὸν ἑταῖρον ἀέθλοισι κτερέϊζε. τοῦτο δʼ ἐγὼ πρόφρων δέχομαι, χαίρει δέ μοι ἦτορ, ὥς μευ ἀεὶ μέμνησαι ἐνηέος, οὐδέ σε λήθω, τιμῆς ἧς τέ μʼ ἔοικε τετιμῆσθαι μετʼ Ἀχαιοῖς. 650σοὶ δὲ θεοὶ τῶνδʼ ἀντὶ χάριν μενοεικέα δοῖεν.

In boxing I overcame Clytomedes, son of Enops, and in wrestling Ancaeus of Pleuron, who stood up against me; Iphiclus I outran in the foot-race, good man though he was; and in casting the spear I outthrew Phyleus and Polydorus. In the chariot race alone the twain sons of Actor outstripped me by force of numbers crowding their horses to the front, being exceeding jealous for victory, for that the goodliest prize abode yet there in the lists. Twin brethren were they— the one drave with sure hand, drave with sure hand, while the other plied the goad. Thus was I on a time, but now let men that be younger face such-like tasks; me it behoveth to yield to grievous old age, but then was I pre-eminent among warriors. But come, for thy comrade too hold thou funeral rites with contests. For this gift, I receive it with gladness, and my heart rejoiceth that thou rememberest me, thy friend, neither am I forgotten of thee, and the honour wherewith it beseemeth that I be honoured among the Achaeans. And to thee may the gods in requital thereof grant grace to satisfy thy heart.

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English translation by Augustus Taber Murray (1924). Original text: David B. Monro and Thomas W. Allen (eds.), Homeri Opera, Oxford Classical Texts, 3rd ed., vols. 1-2, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1908-1920 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus); English: Augustus Taber Murray, Homer, The Iliad, Loeb Classical Library, London: Heinemann; New York: Putnam, 1924-1925.

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.