Homer · Iliad Ἰλιάς

Homer, Iliad 23.740–797: Funeral games: the foot race

Ajax son of Oileus, Odysseus and Antilochus run the foot race. Odysseus prays to Athena, who makes Ajax slip in the dung of the sacrificed oxen, and Odysseus wins, with Antilochus third. Antilochus praises Achilles and is given an extra half-talent of gold.

Lines 23.740–797 · 664 words · click a number to copy its link
740Πηλεΐδης δʼ αἶψʼ ἄλλα τίθει ταχυτῆτος ἄεθλα ἀργύρεον κρητῆρα τετυγμένον· ἓξ δʼ ἄρα μέτρα χάνδανεν, αὐτὰρ κάλλει ἐνίκα πᾶσαν ἐπʼ αἶαν πολλόν, ἐπεὶ Σιδόνες πολυδαίδαλοι εὖ ἤσκησαν, Φοίνικες δʼ ἄγον ἄνδρες ἐπʼ ἠεροειδέα πόντον, 745στῆσαν δʼ ἐν λιμένεσσι, Θόαντι δὲ δῶρον ἔδωκαν· υἷος δὲ Πριάμοιο Λυκάονος ὦνον ἔδωκε Πατρόκλῳ ἥρωϊ Ἰησονίδης Εὔνηος. καὶ τὸν Ἀχιλλεὺς θῆκεν ἄεθλον οὗ ἑτάροιο, ὅς τις ἐλαφρότατος ποσσὶ κραιπνοῖσι πέλοιτο· 750δευτέρῳ αὖ βοῦν θῆκε μέγαν καὶ πίονα δημῷ, ἡμιτάλαντον δὲ χρυσοῦ λοισθήϊʼ ἔθηκε. στῆ δʼ ὀρθὸς καὶ μῦθον ἐν Ἀργείοισιν ἔειπεν· ὄρνυσθʼ οἳ καὶ τούτου ἀέθλου πειρήσεσθε. ὣς ἔφατʼ, ὄρνυτο δʼ αὐτίκʼ Ὀϊλῆος ταχὺς Αἴας, 755ἂν δʼ Ὀδυσεὺς πολύμητις, ἔπειτα δὲ Νέστορος υἱὸς Ἀντίλοχος· ὃ γὰρ αὖτε νέους ποσὶ πάντας ἐνίκα. στὰν δὲ μεταστοιχί· σήμηνε δὲ τέρματʼ Ἀχιλλεύς.

Then the son of Peleus straightway set forth other prizes for fleetness of foot: a mixing-bowl of silver, richly wrought; six measures it held, and in beauty it was far the goodliest in all the earth, seeing that Sidonians, well skilled in deft handiwork, had wrought it cunningly, and men of the Phoenicians brought it over the murky deep, and landed it in harbour, and gave it as a gift to Thoas; and as a ransom for Lycaon, son of Priam, Jason's son Euneos gave it to the warrior Patroclus. This bowl did Achilles set forth as a prize in honour of his comrade, even for him whoso should prove fleetest in speed of foot. For the second again he set an ox great and rich with fat; and a half-talent in gold he appointed for the last. And he stood up, and spake among the Argives saying: Up now, ye that will make essay likewise in this contest. So spake he, and forthwith uprose swift Aias, son of Oïleus, and Odysseus of many wiles, and after them Antilochus, Nestor's son, for he surpassed all the youths in swiftness of foot. Then took they their places in a row, and Achilles showed them the goal, and a course was marked out for them from the turning-point.

758τοῖσι δʼ ἀπὸ νύσσης τέτατο δρόμος· ὦκα δʼ ἔπειτα ἔκφερʼ Ὀϊλιάδης· ἐπὶ δʼ ὄρνυτο δῖος Ὀδυσσεὺς 760ἄγχι μάλʼ, ὡς ὅτε τίς τε γυναικὸς ἐϋζώνοιο στήθεός ἐστι κανών, ὅν τʼ εὖ μάλα χερσὶ τανύσσῃ πηνίον ἐξέλκουσα παρὲκ μίτον, ἀγχόθι δʼ ἴσχει στήθεος· ὣς Ὀδυσεὺς θέεν ἐγγύθεν, αὐτὰρ ὄπισθεν ἴχνια τύπτε πόδεσσι πάρος κόνιν ἀμφιχυθῆναι· 765κὰδ δʼ ἄρα οἱ κεφαλῆς χέʼ ἀϋτμένα δῖος Ὀδυσσεὺς αἰεὶ ῥίμφα θέων· ἴαχον δʼ ἐπὶ πάντες Ἀχαιοὶ νίκης ἱεμένῳ, μάλα δὲ σπεύδοντι κέλευον. ἀλλʼ ὅτε δὴ πύματον τέλεον δρόμον, αὐτίκʼ Ὀδυσσεὺς εὔχετʼ Ἀθηναίῃ γλαυκώπιδι ὃν κατὰ θυμόν· 770κλῦθι θεά, ἀγαθή μοι ἐπίρροθος ἐλθὲ ποδοῖιν. ὣς ἔφατʼ εὐχόμενος· τοῦ δʼ ἔκλυε Παλλὰς Ἀθήνη, γυῖα δʼ ἔθηκεν ἐλαφρά, πόδας καὶ χεῖρας ὕπερθεν. ἀλλʼ ὅτε δὴ τάχʼ ἔμελλον ἐπαΐξασθαι ἄεθλον, ἔνθʼ Αἴας μὲν ὄλισθε θέων, βλάψεν γὰρ Ἀθήνη, 775τῇ ῥα βοῶν κέχυτʼ ὄνθος ἀποκταμένων ἐριμύκων, οὓς ἐπὶ Πατρόκλῳ πέφνεν πόδας ὠκὺς Ἀχιλλεύς· ἐν δʼ ὄνθου βοέου πλῆτο στόμα τε ῥῖνάς τε· κρητῆρʼ αὖτʼ ἀνάειρε πολύτλας δῖος Ὀδυσσεύς, ὡς ἦλθε φθάμενος· ὃ δὲ βοῦν ἕλε φαίδιμος Αἴας.

Then speedily the son of Oïleus forged to the front, and close after him sped goodly Odysseus; close as is the weaving-rod to the breast of a fair-girdled woman, when she deftly draweth it in her hands, pulling the spool past the warp, and holdeth the rod nigh to her breast; even so close behind ran Odysseus, and his feet trod in the footsteps of Aias or ever the dust had settled therein, and down upon his head beat the breath of goodly Odysseus, as he ran ever swiftly on; and all the Achaeans shouted to further him as he struggled for victory, and called to him as he strained to the utmost. But when now they were running the last part of the course, straightway Odysseus made prayer in his heart to flashing-eyed Athene: Hear me, goddess, and come a goodly helper to my feet. So spake he in prayer, and Pallas Athene heard him, and made his limbs light, his feet and his hands above. But when they were now about to dart forth to win the prize, then Aias slipped as he ran—for Athene hampered him— where was strewn the filth from the slaying of the loud bellowing bulls that swift-footed Achilles had slain in honour of Patroclus; and with the filth of the bulls were his mouth and nostrils filled. So then much-enduring, goodly Odysseus took up the bowl, seeing he came in the first, and glorious Aias took the ox.

780στῆ δὲ κέρας μετὰ χερσὶν ἔχων βοὸς ἀγραύλοιο ὄνθον ἀποπτύων, μετὰ δʼ Ἀργείοισιν ἔειπεν· ὢ πόποι ἦ μʼ ἔβλαψε θεὰ πόδας, ἣ τὸ πάρος περ μήτηρ ὣς Ὀδυσῆϊ παρίσταται ἠδʼ ἐπαρήγει. ὣς ἔφαθʼ, οἳ δʼ ἄρα πάντες ἐπʼ αὐτῷ ἡδὺ γέλασσαν. 785Ἀντίλοχος δʼ ἄρα δὴ λοισθήϊον ἔκφερʼ ἄεθλον μειδιόων, καὶ μῦθον ἐν Ἀργείοισιν ἔειπεν· εἰδόσιν ὔμμʼ ἐρέω πᾶσιν φίλοι, ὡς ἔτι καὶ νῦν ἀθάνατοι τιμῶσι παλαιοτέρους ἀνθρώπους. Αἴας μὲν γὰρ ἐμεῖʼ ὀλίγον προγενέστερός ἐστιν, 790οὗτος δὲ προτέρης γενεῆς προτέρων τʼ ἀνθρώπων· ὠμογέροντα δέ μίν φασʼ ἔμμεναι· ἀργαλέον δὲ ποσσὶν ἐριδήσασθαι Ἀχαιοῖς, εἰ μὴ Ἀχιλλεῖ. ὣς φάτο, κύδηνεν δὲ ποδώκεα Πηλεΐωνα. τὸν δʼ Ἀχιλεὺς μύθοισιν ἀμειβόμενος προσέειπεν· 795Ἀντίλοχʼ οὐ μέν τοι μέλεος εἰρήσεται αἶνος, ἀλλά τοι ἡμιτάλαντον ἐγὼ χρυσοῦ ἐπιθήσω. ὣς εἰπὼν ἐν χερσὶ τίθει, ὃ δʼ ἐδέξατο χαίρων.

And he stood holding in his hands the horn of the ox of the field, spewing forth the filth; and he spake among the Argives: Out upon it, lo, the goddess hampered me in my running, she that standeth ever by Odysseus' side like a mother, and helpeth him. So spake he, but they all laughed merrily at him. Then Antilochus bare away the last prize, smiling the while, and spake among the Argives, saying: Among you all that know it well, will I declare, my friends, that even to this day the immortals shew honour to older men. For Aias is but a little older than I, whereas Odysseus is of an earlier generation and of earlier men—a green old age is his, men say—yet hard were he for any other Achaean to contend with in running, save only for Achilles. So spake he, and gave glory to the son of Peleus, swift of foot. And Achilles made answer, and spake to him, saying: Antilochus, not in vain shall thy word of praise be spoken; nay, I will add to thy prize a half-talent of gold. So saying, he set it in his hands, and Antilochus received it gladly.

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English translation by Augustus Taber Murray (1924). Original text: David B. Monro and Thomas W. Allen (eds.), Homeri Opera, Oxford Classical Texts, 3rd ed., vols. 1-2, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1908-1920 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus); English: Augustus Taber Murray, Homer, The Iliad, Loeb Classical Library, London: Heinemann; New York: Putnam, 1924-1925.

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.