Ovid · Metamorphoses Metamorphoses

Ovid, Metamorphoses 13.748–899: Acis and Galatea

Galatea, a sea-nymph, tells how she was loved by the shepherd Acis and wooed by the Cyclops Polyphemus, who sings a rough love-song to her. Polyphemus, discovering the two lovers, throws a huge rock at Acis, who dies, and Galatea changes his blood into a river. She ends the tale on the shore, and the sea-nymphs scatter.

Lines 13.748–899 · 1781 words · click a number to copy its link
748“neve tui causam tege (sic sum fida) doloris!” Nereis his contra resecuta Crataeide natam est: 750“Acis erat Fauno nymphaque Symaethide cretus, magna quidem patrisque sui matrisque voluptas, nostra tamen maior: nam me sibi iunxerat uni. Pulcher et octonis iterum natalibus actis signarat teneras dubia lanugine malas. 755Hunc ego, me Cyclops nulla cum fine petebat. En si quaesieris, odium Cyclopis, amorne Acidis in nobis fuerit praesentior, edam: par utrumque fuit. Pro quanta potentia regni est, Venus alma, tui! Nempe ille inmitis et ipsis 760horrendus silvis et visus ab hospite nullo impune et magni cum dis contemptor Olympi, quid sit amor, sensit validaque cupidine captus uritur, oblitus pecorum antrorumque suorum. Iamque tibi formae, iamque est tibi cura placendi, 765iam rigidos pectis rastris, Polypheme, capillos, iam libet hirsutam tibi falce recidere barbam et spectare feros in aqua et componere vultus.

And the nymph,
daughter of Nereus, thus replied to her:—
“Acis, the son of Faunus and the nymph
Symaethis, was a great delight to his
dear father and his mother, but even more
to me, for he alone had won my love.
Eight birthdays having passed a second time,
his tender cheeks were marked with softest down.
“While I pursued him with a constant love,
the Cyclops followed me as constantly.
And, should you ask me, I could not declare
whether my hatred of him, or my love
of Acis was the stronger.—They were equal.
“O gentle Venus! what power equals yours!
That savage, dreaded by the forest trees,
feared by the stranger who beholds his face
contemner of Olympus and the gods,
now he can feel what love is. He is filled
with passion for me. He burns hot for me,
forgetful of his cattle and his caves.
“Now, Polyphemus, wretched Cyclops, you
are careful of appearance, and you try
the art of pleasing. You have even combed
your stiffened hair with rakes: it pleases you
to trim your shaggy beard with sickles, while
you gaze at your fierce features in a pool
so earnest to compose them. Love of flesh,
ferocity and your keen thirst for blood
have ceased. The ships may safely come and go!

768Caedis amor feritasque sitisque inmensa cruoris cessant, et tutae veniunt abeuntque carinae. 770Telemus interea Siculam delatus ad Aetnen, Telemus Eurymides, quem nulla fefellerat ales, terribilem Polyphemon adit “lumen” que, “quod unum fronte geris media, rapiet tibi” dixit “Ulixes!” Risit et “o vatum stolidissime, falleris,” inquit, 775“altera iam rapuit!” Sic frustra vera monentem spernit et aut gradiens ingenti litora passu degravat aut fessus sub opaca revertitur antra. Prominet in pontum cuneatus acumine longo collis utrumque latus circumfluit aequoris unda; 780huc ferus ascendit Cyclops mediusque resedit, lanigerae pecudes nullo ducente secutae.

“While all this happened, Telemus arrived
at the Sicilian Aetna—Telemus,
the son of Eurymus, who never could
mistake an omen, met the dreadful fierce,
huge Cyclops, Polyphemus, and he said,
‘That single eye now midmost in your brow
Ulysses will take from you.’ In reply,
the Cyclops only laughed at him and said,
‘Most silly of the prophets! you are wrong,
a maiden has already taken it!’
So he made fun of Telemus, who warned
him vainly of the truth—and after that,
he either burdened with his bulk the shore,
by stalking back and forth with lengthy strides,
or came back weary to his shaded cave.
“A wedge-formed hill projects far in the sea
and either side there flow the salty waves.
To this the giant savage climbed and sat
upon the highest point. The wooly flock,
no longer guided by him, followed after.
There, after he had laid his pine tree down,
which served him for a staff, although so tall
it seemed best fitted for a ship's high mast,
he played his shepherd pipes—in them I saw
a hundred reeds.

782Cui postquam pinus, baculi quae praebuit usum, ante pedes posita est, antemnis apta ferendis, sumptaque harundinibus compacta est fistula centum, 785senserunt toti pastoria sibila montes, senserunt undae; latitans ego rupe meique Acidis in gremio residens procul auribus hausi talia dicta meis auditaque verba notavi: “Candidior folio nivei, Galatea, ligustri, 790floridior pratis, longa procerior alno, splendidior vitro, tenero lascivior haedo, levior adsiduo detritis aequore conchis, solibus hibernis, aestiva gratior umbra, nobilior pomis, platano conspectior alta, 795lucidior glacie, matura dulcior uva, mollior et cygni plumis et lacte coacto saevior indomitis eadem Galatea iuvencis, durior annosa quercu, fallacior undis, 800lentior et salicis virgis et vitibus albis, his inmobilior scopulis, violentior amne, laudato pavone superbior, acrior igni, asperior tribulis, feta truculentior ursa, surdior aequoribus, calcato inmitior hydro, 805et, quod praecipue vellem tibi demere possem.

The very mountains felt
the pipings of that shepherd, and the waves
beneath him shook respondent to each note.
All this time I was hidden by a rock,
reclining on the bosom of my own
dear Acis; and, although afar, I heard
such words as these, which I can not forget:—
‘O Galatea, fairer than the flower
of snow-white privet, and more blooming than
the meadows, and more slender than the tall
delightful alder, brighter than smooth glass,
more wanton than the tender skipping kid,
smoother than shells worn by continual floods,
more pleasing than the winter sun, or than
the summer shade, more beautiful than fruit
of apple trees, more pleasing to the sight
than lofty plane tree, clearer than pure ice,
and sweeter than the ripe grape, softer than
soft swan-down and the softest curdled milk;
alas, and if you did not fly from me,
I would declare you are more beautiful
than any watered garden of this world.
‘And yet, O Galatea; I must say,
that you are wilder than all untrained bullocks,
harder than seasoned oak, more treacherous
than tumbled waters, tougher than the twigs
of osier and the white vine, harder to move
than cliffs which front these waves, more violent
than any torrent, you are prouder than
the flattered peacock, fiercer than hot fire,
rougher than thistles, and more cruel than
the pregnant she-bear, deafer than the waves
of stormy seas, more deadly savage than
the trodden water-snake: and, (what I would
endeavor surely to deprive you of)
your speed is fleeter than the deer
pursued by frightful barkings, and more swift
than rapid storm-winds and the flitting air.

806Non tantum cervo claris latratibus acto, verum etiam ventis volucrique fugacior aura! At bene si noris, pigeat fugisse morasque ipsa tuas damnes et me retinere labores. 810Sunt mihi, pars montis, vivo pendentia saxo antra, quibus nec sol medio sentitur in aestu nec sentitur hiems; sunt poma gravantia ramos, sunt auro similes longis in vitibus uvae, sunt et purpureae: tibi et has servamus et illas. 815Ipsa tuis manibus silvestri nata sub umbra mollia fraga leges, ipsa autumnalia corna prunaque, non solum nigro liventia suco, verum etiam generosa novasque imitantia ceras. Nec tibi castaneae me coniuge, nec tibi deerunt 820arbutei fetus: omnis tibi serviet arbor. Hoc pecus omne meum est, multae quoque vallibus errant, multas silva tegit, multae stabulantur in antris. Nec, si forte roges, possim tibi dicere, quot sint: pauperis est numerare pecus! De laudibus harum 825nil mihi credideris: praesens potes ipse videre, ut vix circueant distentum cruribus uber.

‘But Galatea, if you knew me well
you would regret your hasty flight from me,
and you would even blame your own delay,
and strive for my affection. I now hold
the choice part of this mountain for my cave,
roofed over with the native rock. The sun
is not felt in the heat of middle day,
nor is the winter felt there: apples load
the bending boughs and luscious grapes
hang on the lengthened vines, resembling gold,
and purple grapes as rich—I keep for you
those two delicious fruits. With your own hands,
you shall yourself uncover strawberries,
growing so soft beneath the woodland shade;
you shall pluck corners in the autumn ripe,
and plums, not only darkened with black juice
but larger kinds as yellow as new wax.
If I may be your mate, you shall have chestnuts,
fruits of the arbute shall be always near,
and every tree shall yield at your desire.
‘The ewes here all are mine, and many more
are wandering in the valleys; and the woods
conceal a multitude—and many more
are penned within my caves. If you perchance
should ask me, I could never even guess
or count the number; it is for the poor
to count their cattle. Do not trust my word,
but go yourself and see with your own eyes,
how they can hardly stand up on their legs
because of their distended udders' weight.

827Sunt, fetura minor, tepidis in ovilibus agni, sunt quoque, par aetas, aliis in ovilibus haedi. Lac mihi semper adest niveum: pars inde bibenda 830servatur, partem liquefacta coagula durant. Nec tibi deliciae faciles vulgataque tantum munera contingent, dammae leporesque caperque parve columbarum demptusve cacumine nidus: inveni geminos, qui tecum ludere possint, 835inter se similes, vix ut dignoscere possis, villosae catulos in summis montibus ursae, inveni et dixi “dominae servabimus istos!” Iam modo caeruleo nitidum caput exsere ponto, iam, Galatea, veni, nec munera despice nostra. 840Certe ego me novi liquidaeque in imagine vidi nuper aquae, placuitque mihi mea forma videnti. Adspice, sim quantus! Non est hoc corpore maior Iuppiter in caelo: nam vos narrare soletis, nescio quem regnare Iovem. Coma plurima torvos 845prominet in vultus umerosque, ut lucus, obumbrat.

‘I have lambs also, as a future flock,
kept in warm folds, and kids of their same age
in other folds. I always have supplies
of snow-white milk for drinking, and much more
is hardened with good rennet liquefied.
‘The common joys of ordinary things
will not be all you should expect of me—
tame does and hares and she-goats or a pair
of doves, or even a nest from a tall tree—
for I have found upon a mountain top,
the twin cubs of a shaggy wild she-bear,
of such appearance you can hardly know
the one from other. They will play with you.
The very day I found them I declared,
these I will keep for my dear loved one's joy.
‘Do now but raise your shining head above
the azure sea: come Galatea come,
and do not scorn my presents. Certainly,
I know myself, for only recently
I saw my own reflection pictured clear
in limpid water, and my features pleased
and charmed me when I saw it. See how huge
I am. Not even Jove in his high heaven
is larger than my body: this I say
because you tell me how imperial Jove
surpasses.—Who is he? I never knew.
‘My long hair plentifully hangs to hide
unpleasant features; as a grove of trees
overshadowing my shoulders.

846Nec mea quod rigidis horrent densissima saetis corpora, turpe puta turpis sine frondibus arbor, turpis equus, nisi colla iubae flaventia velent; 850barba viros hirtaeque decent in corpore saetae. Unum est in media lumen mihi fronte, sed instar ingentis clipei. Quid? non haec omnia magnus Sol videt e caelo? Soli tamen unicus orbis! Adde, quod in vestro genitor meus aequore regnat: 855hunc tibi do socerum; tantum miserere precesque supplicis exaudi! tibi enim succumbimus uni. Quique Iovem et caelum sperno et penetrabile fulmen, Nerei, te veneror: tua fulmine saevior ira est. — Atque ego contemptus essem patientior huius, 860si fugeres omnes; sed cur Cyclope repulso Acin amas praefersque meis complexibus Acin? Ille tamen placeatque sibi placeatque licebit, quod nollem, Galatea, tibi; modo copia detur, sentiet esse mihi tanto pro corpore vires! 865Viscera viva traham divisaque membra per agros perque tuas spargam (sic se tibi misceat!) undas.

Never think
my body is uncomely, although rough,
thick set with wiry bristles. Every tree
without leaves is unseemly; every horse,
unless a mane hangs on his tawny neck;
feathers must cover birds; and their soft wool
is ornamental on the best formed sheep:
therefore a beard, and rough hair spread upon
the body is becoming to all men.
I have but one eye centered perfectly
within my forehead, so it seems most like
a mighty buckler. Ha! does not the Sun
see everything from heaven? Yet it has
but one eye.—
‘Galatea, you must know,
my father is chief ruler in your sea,
and therefor I now offer him to you
as your own father-in-law—But oh, do take
some pity on a suppliant,— and hear his prayer,
for only unto you my heart is given.
‘I, who despise the power of Jove, his heavens
and piercing lightnings, am afraid of you—
your wrath more fearful than the lightning's flash—
but I should be more patient under slights,
if you avoided all men: why reject
the Cyclops for the love that Acis gives?
And why prefer his smiles to my embraces,
but let him please himself, and let him please
you, Galatea, though against my will.

867Uror enim, laesusque exaestuat acrior ignis, cumque suis videor translatam viribus Aetnam pectore ferre meo: nec tu, Galatea, moveris.” 870Talia nequiquam questus (nam cuncta videbam) surgit et ut taurus vacca furibundus adempta, stare nequit silvaque et notis saltibus errat: cum ferus ignaros nec quicquam tale timentes me videt atque Acin “video” que exclamat “et ista 875ultima sit, faciam, veneris concordia vestrae!” Tantaque vox, quantam Cyclops iratus habere debuit, illa fuit: clamore perhorruit Aetne. Ast ego vicino pavefacta sub aequore mergor, terga fugae dederat conversa Symaethius heros 880et “fer opem, Galatea, precor, mihi! ferte, parentes” dixerat “et vestris periturum admittite regnis!” Insequitur Cyclops partemque e monte revulsam mittit, et extremus quamvis pervenit ad illum, angulus is molis totum tamen obruit Acin. 885At nos, quod fieri solum per fata licebat, fecimus, ut vires adsumeret Acis avitas. Puniceus de mole cruor manabat, et intra temporis exiguum rubor evanescere coepit fitque color primo turbati fluminis imbre 890purgaturque mora; tum moles tacta dehiscit, vivaque per rimas proceraque surgit harundo, osque cavum saxi sonat exsultantibus undis: miraque res, subito media tenus exstitit alvo incinctus iuvenis flexis nova cornua cannis, 895qui, nisi quod maior, quod toto caerulus ore, Acis erat. Sed sic quoque erat tamen Acis, in amnem versus, et antiquum tenuerunt flumina nomen.” Desierat Galatea loqui, coetuque soluto discedunt placidisque natant Nereides undis.

‘If I am given an opportunity
he will be shown that I have every strength
proportioned to a body vast as mine:
I will pull out his palpitating entrails,
and scatter his torn limbs about the fields
and over and throughout your salty waves;
and then let him unite himself to you.—
I burn so, and my slighted passion raves
with greater fury and I seem to hold
and carry Aetna in my breast—transferred
there with its flames—Oh Galatea! can
you listen to my passion thus unmoved!’
“I saw all this; and, after he in vain
had uttered such complaints, he stood up like
a raging bull whose heifer has been lost,
that cannot stand still, but must wander on
through brush and forests, that he knows so well:
when that fierce monster saw me and my Acis—
we neither knew nor guessed our fate—he roared:
‘I see you and you never will again
parade your love before me!’ In such a voice
as matched his giant size. All Aetna shook
and trembled at the noise; and I amazed
with horror, plunged into the adjoining sea.
“My loved one, Acis turned his back and fled
and cried out, ‘Help me Galatea, help!
O, let your parents help me, and admit
me safe within their realm; for I am now
near my destruction!’ But the Cyclops rushed
at him and hurled a fragment, he had torn
out from the mountain, and although the extreme
edge only of the rock could reach him there.
It buried him entirely.
“Then I did
the only thing the Fates permitted me:
I let my Acis take ancestral power
of river deities. The purple blood
flowed from beneath the rock, but soon
the sanguine richness faded and became
at first the color of a stream, disturbed
and muddied by a shower. And presently
it clarified.— The rock that had been thrown
then split in two, and through the cleft a reed,
stately and vigorous, arose to life.
And soon the hollow mouth in the great rock,
resounded with the waters gushing forth.
And wonderful to tell, a youth emerged,
the water flowing clear about his waist,
his new horns circled with entwining reeds,
and the youth certainly was Acis, though
he was of larger stature and his face
and features all were azure. Acis changed
into a stream which ever since that time
has flowed there and retained its former name.
So Galatea, after she had told
her sorrow, ceased; and, when the company
had gone from there, the Nereids swam again
in the calm and quiet waves.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Brookes More (1922). Original text: Hugo Magnus (ed.), Die Metamorphosen des P. Ovidius Naso, Gotha: F. A. Perthes, 1892 (Latin text as digitised by Perseus); English: Brookes More, Ovid's Metamorphoses, Boston: Cornhill Publishing Company, 1922.

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.