Aeschylus · Agamemnon Ἀγαμέμνων

Aeschylus, Agamemnon 1577–1673: Exodos: Aegisthus and the Chorus

Aegisthus enters and says that he rejoices to see Agamemnon in the net of justice, and tells the story of Atreus and the banquet he served to his brother Thyestes. The Chorus mock Aegisthus as a man who left the killing to a woman, and say that Orestes may still come back to take vengeance, and the two sides almost come to blows. Clytaemestra stops them and tells Aegisthus that they will be masters of the house.

Lines 1577–1673 · 1038 words · click a number to copy its link
Αἴγισθος 1577ὦ φέγγος εὖφρον ἡμέρας δικηφόρου. φαίην ἂν ἤδη νῦν βροτῶν τιμαόρους θεοὺς ἄνωθεν γῆς ἐποπτεύειν ἄχη, 1580ἰδὼν ὑφαντοῖς ἐν πέπλοις, Ἐρινύων τὸν ἄνδρα τόνδε κείμενον φίλως ἐμοί, χερὸς πατρῴας ἐκτίνοντα μηχανάς. Ἀτρεὺς γὰρ ἄρχων τῆσδε γῆς, τούτου πατήρ, πατέρα Θυέστην τὸν ἐμόν, ὡς τορῶς φράσαι, 1585αὑτοῦ δʼ ἀδελφόν, ἀμφίλεκτος ὢν κράτει, ἠνδρηλάτησεν ἐκ πόλεώς τε καὶ δόμων. καὶ προστρόπαιος ἑστίας μολὼν πάλιν τλήμων Θυέστης μοῖραν ηὕρετʼ ἀσφαλῆ, τὸ μὴ θανὼν πατρῷον αἱμάξαι πέδον, 1590αὐτός· ξένια δὲ τοῦδε δύσθεος πατὴρ Ἀτρεύς, προθύμως μᾶλλον ἢ φίλως, πατρὶ τὠμῷ, κρεουργὸν ἦμαρ εὐθύμως ἄγειν δοκῶν, παρέσχε δαῖτα παιδείων κρεῶν. τὰ μὲν ποδήρη καὶ χερῶν ἄκρους κτένας 1595ἔθρυπτʼ, ἄνωθεν […] […] […] ἀνδρακὰς καθήμενος. ἄσημα δʼ αὐτῶν αὐτίκʼ ἀγνοίᾳ λαβὼν ἔσθει βορὰν ἄσωτον, ὡς ὁρᾷς, γένει. κἄπειτʼ ἐπιγνοὺς ἔργον οὐ καταίσιον ᾤμωξεν, ἀμπίπτει δʼ ἀπὸ σφαγὴν ἐρῶν, 1600μόρον δʼ ἄφερτον Πελοπίδαις ἐπεύχεται, λάκτισμα δείπνου ξυνδίκως τιθεὶς ἀρᾷ, οὕτως ὀλέσθαι πᾶν τὸ Πλεισθένους γένος. ἐκ τῶνδέ σοι πεσόντα τόνδʼ ἰδεῖν πάρα. κἀγὼ δίκαιος τοῦδε τοῦ φόνου ῥαφεύς. 1605τρίτον γὰρ ὄντα μʼ ἐπὶ δυσαθλίῳ πατρὶ συνεξελαύνει τυτθὸν ὄντʼ ἐν σπαργάνοις· τραφέντα δʼ αὖθις ἡ δίκη κατήγαγεν. καὶ τοῦδε τἀνδρὸς ἡψάμην θυραῖος ὤν, πᾶσαν συνάψας μηχανὴν δυσβουλίας. 1610οὕτω καλὸν δὴ καὶ τὸ κατθανεῖν ἐμοί, ἰδόντα τοῦτον τῆς δίκης ἐν ἕρκεσιν. Χορός Αἴγισθʼ, ὑβρίζειν ἐν κακοῖσιν οὐ σέβω. σὺ δʼ ἄνδρα τόνδε φὴς ἑκὼν κατακτανεῖν, μόνος δʼ ἔποικτον τόνδε βουλεῦσαι φόνον· 1615οὔ φημʼ ἀλύξειν ἐν δίκῃ τὸ σὸν κάρα δημορριφεῖς, σάφʼ ἴσθι, λευσίμους ἀράς.

Aegisthus Hail gracious light of the day of retribution! At last the hour has come when I can say that the gods who avenge mortal men look down from on high upon the crimes of earth. Now that, to my joy, I behold this man lying here in a robe spun by the Avenging Spirits and making full payment for the deeds contrived in craft by his father’s hand. For Atreus, lord of this land, this man’s father, challenged in his sovereignty, drove forth, from city and from home, Thyestes, who (to speak it clearly) was my father and his own brother. And when he had come back as a suppliant to his hearth, unhappy Thyestes secured such safety for his lot as not himself to suffer death and stain with his blood his native soil. But Atreus, the godless father of this slain man, with welcome more hearty than kind, on the pretence that he was cheerfully celebrating a happy day by serving meat, served up to my father as entertainment a banquet of his own children’s flesh. The toes and fingers he broke off […] sitting apart. And when all unwittingly my father had quickly taken servings that he did not recognize, he ate a meal which, as you see, has proved fatal to his race. Now, discovering his unhallowed deed, he uttered a great cry, reeled back, vomiting forth the slaughtered flesh, and invoked an unbearable curse upon the line of Pelops, kicking the banquet table to aid his curse, thus perish all the race of Pleisthenes! This is the reason that you see this man fallen here. I am he who planned this murder and with justice. For together with my hapless father he drove me out, me his third child, as yet a baby in swaddling-clothes. But grown to manhood, justice has brought me back again. Exile though I was, I laid my hand upon my enemy, compassing every device of cunning to his ruin. So even death would be sweet to me now that I behold him in justice’s net.

Chorus Aegisthus, excessive triumph amid distress I do not honor. You say that of your own intent you slew this man and did alone plot this pitiful murder. I tell you in the hour of justice that you yourself, be sure of that, will not escape the people’s curses and death by stoning at their hand.

Αἴγισθος 1617σὺ ταῦτα φωνεῖς νερτέρᾳ προσήμενος κώπῃ, κρατούντων τῶν ἐπὶ ζυγῷ δορός; γνώσῃ γέρων ὢν ὡς διδάσκεσθαι βαρὺ 1620τῷ τηλικούτῳ, σωφρονεῖν εἰρημένον. δεσμὸς δὲ καὶ τὸ γῆρας αἵ τε νήστιδες δύαι διδάσκειν ἐξοχώταται φρενῶν ἰατρομάντεις. οὐχ ὁρᾷς ὁρῶν τάδε; πρὸς κέντρα μὴ λάκτιζε, μὴ παίσας μογῇς. Χορός 1625γύναι, σὺ τοὺς ἥκοντας ἐκ μάχης μένων οἰκουρὸς εὐνὴν ἀνδρὸς αἰσχύνων ἅμα ἀνδρὶ στρατηγῷ τόνδʼ ἐβούλευσας μόρον; Αἴγισθος καὶ ταῦτα τἄπη κλαυμάτων ἀρχηγενῆ. Ὀρφεῖ δὲ γλῶσσαν τὴν ἐναντίαν ἔχεις. 1630ὁ μὲν γὰρ ἦγε πάντʼ ἀπὸ φθογγῆς χαρᾷ, σὺ δʼ ἐξορίνας νηπίοις ὑλάγμασιν ἄξῃ· κρατηθεὶς δʼ ἡμερώτερος φανῇ. Χορός ὡς δὴ σύ μοι τύραννος Ἀργείων ἔσῃ, ὃς οὐκ, ἐπειδὴ τῷδʼ ἐβούλευσας μόρον, 1635δρᾶσαι τόδʼ ἔργον οὐκ ἔτλης αὐτοκτόνως. Αἴγισθος τὸ γὰρ δολῶσαι πρὸς γυναικὸς ἦν σαφῶς· ἐγὼ δʼ ὕποπτος ἐχθρὸς ἦ παλαιγενής. ἐκ τῶν δὲ τοῦδε χρημάτων πειράσομαι ἄρχειν πολιτῶν· τὸν δὲ μὴ πειθάνορα 1640ζεύξω βαρείαις οὔτι μοι σειραφόρον κριθῶντα πῶλον· ἀλλʼ ὁ δυσφιλὴς σκότῳ λιμὸς ξύνοικος μαλθακόν σφʼ ἐπόψεται. Χορός τί δὴ τὸν ἄνδρα τόνδʼ ἀπὸ ψυχῆς κακῆς οὐκ αὐτὸς ἠνάριζες, ἀλλά νιν γυνὴ 1645χώρας μίασμα καὶ θεῶν ἐγχωρίων ἔκτεινʼ;Ὀρέστης ἆρά που βλέπει φάος, ὅπως κατελθὼν δεῦρο πρευμενεῖ τύχῃ ἀμφοῖν γένηται τοῖνδε παγκρατὴς φονεύς;

Aegisthus You speak like that, you who sit at the lower oar when those upon the higher bench control the ship? Old as you are, you shall learn how bitter it is at your age to be schooled when prudence is the lesson set before you. Bonds and the pangs of hunger are far the best doctors of the spirit when it comes to instructing the old. Do you have eyes and lack understanding? Do not kick against the goads lest you strike to your own hurt.

Chorus Woman that you are! Skulking at home and awaiting the return of the men from war, all the while defiling a hero’s bed, did you contrive this death against a warrior chief?

Aegisthus These words of yours likewise shall prove a source of tears. The tongue of Orpheus is quite the opposite of yours. He led all things by the rapture of his voice; but you, who have stirred our wrath by your silly yelping, shall be led off yourself. You will appear tamer when put down by force.

Chorus As if you would ever truly be my master here in Argos, you who did contrive our king’s death, and then had not the courage to do this deed of murder with your own hand!

Aegisthus Because to ensnare him was clearly the woman’s part; I was suspect as his enemy of old. However, with his gold I shall endeavor to control the people; and whoever is unruly, him I’ll yoke with a heavy collar, and in truth he shall be no well-fed trace-horse! No! Loathsome hunger that houses with darkness shall see him gentle.

Chorus Why then, in the baseness of your soul, did you not kill him yourself, but leave his slaying to a woman, a plague to her country and her country’s gods? Oh, does Orestes perhaps still behold the light, that, with favoring fortune, he may come home and be the slayer of this pair with victory complete?

Αἴγισθος 1649ἀλλʼ ἐπεὶ δοκεῖς τάδʼ ἔρδειν καὶ λέγειν, γνώσῃ τάχα 1650εἶα δή, φίλοι λοχῖται, τοὔργον οὐχ ἑκὰς τόδε. Χορός εἶα δή, ξίφος πρόκωπον πᾶς τις εὐτρεπιζέτω. Αἴγισθος ἀλλὰ κἀγὼ μὴν πρόκωπος οὐκ ἀναίνομαι θανεῖν. Χορός δεχομένοις λέγεις θανεῖν σε· τὴν τύχην δʼ αἱρούμεθα. Κλυταιμήστρα μηδαμῶς, ὦ φίλτατʼ ἀνδρῶν, ἄλλα δράσωμεν κακά. 1655ἀλλὰ καὶ τάδʼ ἐξαμῆσαι πολλά, δύστηνον θέρος. πημονῆς δʼ ἅλις γʼ ὑπάρχει· μηδὲν αἱματώμεθα. στείχετʼ αἰδοῖοι γέροντες πρὸς δόμους, πεπρωμένοις πρὶν παθεῖν εἴξαντες ὥρᾳ· χρῆν τάδʼ ὡς ἐπράξαμεν. εἰ δέ τοι μόχθων γένοιτο τῶνδʼ ἅλις, δεχοίμεθʼ ἄν, 1660δαίμονος χηλῇ βαρείᾳ δυστυχῶς πεπληγμένοι. ὧδʼ ἔχει λόγος γυναικός, εἴ τις ἀξιοῖ μαθεῖν. Αἴγισθος ἀλλὰ τούσδʼ ἐμοὶ ματαίαν γλῶσσαν ὧδʼ ἀπανθίσαι κἀκβαλεῖν ἔπη τοιαῦτα δαίμονος πειρωμένους, σώφρονος γνώμης θʼ ἁμαρτεῖν τὸν κρατοῦντά θʼ ὑβρίσαι. Χορός 1665οὐκ ἂν Ἀργείων τόδʼ εἴη, φῶτα προσσαίνειν κακόν. Αἴγισθος ἀλλʼ ἐγώ σʼ ἐν ὑστέραισιν ἡμέραις μέτειμʼ ἔτι. Χορός οὔκ, ἐὰν δαίμων, Ὀρέστην δεῦρʼ ἀπευθύνῃ μολεῖν. Αἴγισθος οἶδʼ ἐγὼ φεύγοντας ἄνδρας ἐλπίδας σιτουμένους. Χορός πρᾶσσε, πιαίνου, μιαίνων τὴν δίκην, ἐπεὶ πάρα. Αἴγισθος 1670ἴσθι μοι δώσων ἄποινα τῆσδε μωρίας χάριν. Χορός κόμπασον θαρσῶν, ἀλέκτωρ ὥστε θηλείας πέλας. Κλυταιμήστρα μὴ προτιμήσῃς ματαίων τῶνδʼ ὑλαγμάτων· ἐγὼ καὶ σὺ θήσομεν κρατοῦντε τῶνδε δωμάτων καλῶς.

Aegisthus Oh well, since you plan to act and speak like that, you shall be taught a lesson soon. On guard, my trusty guardsmen, your work lies close to hand.

Chorus On guard then! Let every one make ready his sword with hand on hilt.

Aegisthus My hand too is laid on my sword hilt, and I do not shrink from death.

Chorus Death for yourself, you say. We hail the omen. We welcome fortune’s test.

Clytaemestra No, my dearest, let us work no further ills. Even these are many to reap, a wretched harvest. Of woe we have enough; let us have no bloodshed. Venerable elders, go back to your homes, and yield in time to destiny before you come to harm. What we did had to be done. But should this trouble prove enough, we will accept it, sorely battered as we are by the heavy hand of fate. Such is a woman’s counsel, if any care to learn from it.

Aegisthus But to think that these men should let their wanton tongues thus blossom into speech against me and cast about such insults, putting their fortune to the test! To reject wise counsel and insult their master!

Chorus It would not be like men of Argos to cringe before a man as low as you.

Aegisthus Ha! I will visit you with vengeance yet in days to come.

Chorus Not if fate shall guide Orestes to return home.

Aegisthus From my own experience I know that exiles feed on hope.

Chorus Keep on, grow fat, polluting justice, since you can.

Aegisthus Know that you shall atone to me for your insolent folly.

Chorus Brag in your bravery like a cock beside his hen.

Clytaemestra Do no care for their idle yelpings. I and you will be masters of this house and order it aright.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Herbert Weir Smyth (modernised by Perseus) (1926). Original text: Greek text: Herbert Weir Smyth (ed. and trans.), Aeschylus, Loeb Classical Library, London: William Heinemann, 1926, as digitised by Perseus. English: Herbert Weir Smyth, Aeschylus, Loeb Classical Library, London: William Heinemann, 1926 (Perseus's modernised version of Smyth's prose translation).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.