Aeschylus · Agamemnon Ἀγαμέμνων

Aeschylus, Agamemnon 1178–1255: Fourth episode (cont.): Cassandra's visions of the house of Atreus

Cassandra says that she will no longer speak in riddles, and tells how the Furies haunt the house for the old crime of Atreus, the banquet in which Thyestes was served the flesh of his own sons. She tells how Apollo loved her and cursed her never to be believed, and says that a lion lies in wait for her master, betrayed by the woman who is like a hound that licks his hand. The Chorus recognise the story of Thyestes, and Cassandra says that they will see Agamemnon dead.

Lines 1178–1255 · 773 words · click a number to copy its link
Κασάνδρα 1178καὶ μὴν ὁ χρησμὸς οὐκέτʼ ἐκ καλυμμάτων ἔσται δεδορκὼς νεογάμου νύμφης δίκην· 1180λαμπρὸς δʼ ἔοικεν ἡλίου πρὸς ἀντολὰς πνέων ἐσᾴξειν, ὥστε κύματος δίκην κλύζειν πρὸς αὐγὰς τοῦδε πήματος πολὺ μεῖζον· φρενώσω δʼ οὐκέτʼ ἐξ αἰνιγμάτων. καὶ μαρτυρεῖτε συνδρόμως ἴχνος κακῶν 1185ῥινηλατούσῃ τῶν πάλαι πεπραγμένων. τὴν γὰρ στέγην τήνδʼ οὔποτʼ ἐκλείπει χορὸς ξύμφθογγος οὐκ εὔφωνος· οὐ γὰρ εὖ λέγει. καὶ μὴν πεπωκώς γʼ, ὡς θρασύνεσθαι πλέον, βρότειον αἷμα κῶμος ἐν δόμοις μένει, 1190δύσπεμπτος ἔξω, συγγόνων Ἐρινύων. ὑμνοῦσι δʼ ὕμνον δώμασιν προσήμεναι πρώταρχον ἄτην· ἐν μέρει δʼ ἀπέπτυσαν εὐνὰς ἀδελφοῦ τῷ πατοῦντι δυσμενεῖς. ἥμαρτον, ἢ θηρῶ τι τοξότης τις ὥς; 1195ἢ ψευδόμαντίς εἰμι θυροκόπος φλέδων; ἐκμαρτύρησον προυμόσας τό μʼ εἰδέναι λόγῳ παλαιὰς τῶνδʼ ἁμαρτίας δόμων. Χορός καὶ πῶς ἂν ὅρκος, πῆγμα γενναίως παγέν, παιώνιον γένοιτο; θαυμάζω δέ σου, 1200πόντου πέραν τραφεῖσαν ἀλλόθρουν πόλιν κυρεῖν λέγουσαν, ὥσπερ εἰ παρεστάτεις.

Cassandra And now, no more shall my prophecy peer forth from behind a veil like a new-wedded bride; but it will rush upon me clear as a fresh wind blowing against the sun’s uprising so as to dash against its rays, like a wave, a woe far mightier than mine. No more by riddles will I instruct you. And bear me witness, as, running close behind, I scent the track of crimes done long ago. For from this roof never departs a choir chanting in unison, but singing no harmonious tune; for it tells not of good. And so, gorged on human blood, so as to be the more emboldened, a revel-rout of kindred Furies haunts the house, hard to be drive away. Lodged within its halls they chant their chant, the primal sin; and, each in turn, they spurn with loathing a brother’s bed, for they bitterly spurn the one who defiled it. Have I missed the mark, or, like a true archer, do I strike my quarry? Or am I prophet of lies, a door-to-door babbler? Bear witness upon your oath that I know the deeds of sin, ancient in story, of this house.

Chorus How could an oath, a pledge although given in honor, effect any cure? Yet I marvel at you that, though bred beyond the sea, you speak truth of a foreign city, even as if you had been present there.

Κασάνδρα 1202μάντις μʼ Ἀπόλλων τῷδʼ ἐπέστησεν τέλει. Χορός μῶν καὶ θεός περ ἱμέρῳ πεπληγμένος; Κασάνδρα προτοῦ μὲν αἰδὼς ἦν ἐμοὶ λέγειν τάδε. Χορός 1205ἁβρύνεται γὰρ πᾶς τις εὖ πράσσων πλέον. Κασάνδρα ἀλλʼ ἦν παλαιστὴς κάρτʼ ἐμοὶ πνέων χάριν. Χορός ἦ καὶ τέκνων εἰς ἔργον ἤλθετον νόμῳ; Κασάνδρα ξυναινέσασα Λοξίαν ἐψευσάμην. Χορός ἤδη τέχναισιν ἐνθέοις ᾑρημένη; Κασάνδρα 1210ἤδη πολίταις πάντʼ ἐθέσπιζον πάθη. Χορός πῶς δῆτʼ ἄνατος ἦσθα Λοξίου κότῳ; Κασάνδρα ἔπειθον οὐδένʼ οὐδέν, ὡς τάδʼ ἤμπλακον. Χορός ἡμῖν γε μὲν δὴ πιστὰ θεσπίζειν δοκεῖς. Κασάνδρα ἰοὺ ἰού, ὢ ὢ κακά. 1215ὑπʼ αὖ με δεινὸς ὀρθομαντείας πόνος στροβεῖ ταράσσων φροιμίοις δυσφροιμίοις. ὁρᾶτε τούσδε τοὺς δόμοις ἐφημένους νέους, ὀνείρων προσφερεῖς μορφώμασιν; παῖδες θανόντες ὡσπερεὶ πρὸς τῶν φίλων, 1220χεῖρας κρεῶν πλήθοντες οἰκείας βορᾶς, σὺν ἐντέροις τε σπλάγχνʼ, ἐποίκτιστον γέμος, πρέπουσʼ ἔχοντες, ὧν πατὴρ ἐγεύσατο. ἐκ τῶνδε ποινὰς φημὶ βουλεύειν τινὰ λέοντʼ ἄναλκιν ἐν λέχει στρωφώμενον 1225οἰκουρόν, οἴμοι, τῷ μολόντι δεσπότῃ ἐμῷ· φέρειν γὰρ χρὴ τὸ δούλιον ζυγόν· νεῶν τʼ ἄπαρχος Ἰλίου τʼ ἀναστάτης οὐκ οἶδεν οἷα γλῶσσα μισητῆς κυνὸς λείξασα κἀκτείνασα φαιδρὸν οὖς, δίκην 1230Ἄτης λαθραίου, τεύξεται κακῇ τύχῃ. τοιάδε τόλμα· θῆλυς ἄρσενος φονεὺς ἔστιν. τί νιν καλοῦσα δυσφιλὲς δάκος τύχοιμʼ ἄν; ἀμφίσβαιναν, ἢ Σκύλλαν τινὰ οἰκοῦσαν ἐν πέτραισι, ναυτίλων βλάβην, 1235θύουσαν Ἅιδου μητέρʼ ἄσπονδόν τʼ Ἄρη φίλοις πνέουσαν; ὡς δʼ ἐπωλολύξατο ἡ παντότολμος, ὥσπερ ἐν μάχης τροπῇ, δοκεῖ δὲ χαίρειν νοστίμῳ σωτηρίᾳ. καὶ τῶνδʼ ὅμοιον εἴ τι μὴ πείθω· τί γάρ; 1240τὸ μέλλον ἥξει. καὶ σύ μʼ ἐν τάχει παρὼν ἄγαν γʼ ἀληθόμαντιν οἰκτίρας ἐρεῖς.

Cassandra The seer Apollo appointed me to this office.

Chorus Can it be that he, a god, was smitten with desire?

Cassandra Before now I was ashamed to speak of this.

Chorus In prosperity all take on airs.

Cassandra Oh, but he struggled to win me, breathing ardent love for me.

Chorus Did you in due course come to the rite of marriage?

Cassandra I consented to Loxias but broke my word.

Chorus Were you already possessed by the art inspired of the god?

Cassandra Already I prophesied to my countrymen all their disasters.

Chorus How came it then that you were unharmed by Loxias’ wrath?

Cassandra Ever since that fault I could persuade no one of anything.

Chorus And yet to us at least the prophecies you utter seem true enough.

Cassandra Ah, ah! Oh, oh, the agony! Once more the dreadful throes of true prophecy whirl and distract me with their ill-boding onset. Do you see them there—sitting before the house—young creatures like phantoms of dreams? Children, they seem, slaughtered by their own kindred, their hands full of the meat of their own flesh; they are clear to my sight, holding their vitals and their inward parts (piteous burden!), which their father tasted. For this cause I tell you that a strengthless lion, wallowing in his bed, plots vengeance, a watchman waiting (ah me!) for my master’s coming home—yes, my master, for I must bear the yoke of slavery. The commander of the fleet and the overthrower of Ilium little knows what deeds shall be brought to evil accomplishment by the hateful hound, whose tongue licked his hand, who stretched forth her ears in gladness, like treacherous Ate. Such boldness has she, a woman to slay a man. What odious monster shall I fitly call her? An Amphisbaena? Or a Scylla, tenanting the rocks, a pest to mariners, a raging, devil’s mother, breathing relentless war against her husband? And how the all-daring woman raised a shout of triumph, as when the battle turns, the while she feigned to joy at his safe return! And yet, it is all one, whether or not I am believed. What does it matter? What is to come, will come. And soon you, yourself present here, shall with great pity pronounce me all too true a prophetess.

Χορός 1242τὴν μὲν Θυέστου δαῖτα παιδείων κρεῶν ξυνῆκα καὶ πέφρικα, καὶ φόβος μʼ ἔχει κλύοντʼ ἀληθῶς οὐδὲν ἐξῃκασμένα. 1245τὰ δʼ ἄλλʼ ἀκούσας ἐκ δρόμου πεσὼν τρέχω. Κασάνδρα Ἀγαμέμνονός σέ φημʼ ἐπόψεσθαι μόρον. Χορός εὔφημον, ὦ τάλαινα, κοίμησον στόμα. Κασάνδρα ἀλλʼ οὔτι παιὼν τῷδʼ ἐπιστατεῖ λόγῳ. Χορός οὔκ, εἴπερ ἔσται γʼ· ἀλλὰ μὴ γένοιτό πως. Κασάνδρα 1250σὺ μὲν κατεύχῃ, τοῖς δʼ ἀποκτείνειν μέλει. Χορός τίνος πρὸς ἀνδρὸς τοῦτʼ ἄγος πορσύνεται; Κασάνδρα ἦ κάρτα τἄρʼ ἂν παρεκόπης χρησμῶν ἐμῶν Χορός τοῦ γὰρ τελοῦντος οὐ ξυνῆκα μηχανήν. Κασάνδρα καὶ μὴν ἄγαν γʼ Ἕλληνʼ ἐπίσταμαι φάτιν. Χορός 1255καὶ γὰρ τὰ πυθόκραντα· δυσμαθῆ δʼ ὅμως.

Chorus Thyestes’ banquet on his children’s flesh I understood, and I tremble. Terror possesses me as I hear the truth, nothing fashioned out of falsehood to resemble truth. But as for the rest I heard I am thrown off the track.

Cassandra I say you shall look upon Agamemnon dead.

Chorus To words propitious, miserable girl, lull your speech.

Cassandra Over what I tell no healing god presides.

Chorus No, if it is to be; but may it not be so!

Cassandra You do but pray; their business is to slay.

Chorus What man is he that contrived this wickedness?

Cassandra Surely you must have missed the meaning of my prophecies.

Chorus I do not understand the scheme of him who is to do the deed.

Cassandra And yet all too well I understand the Greek language.

Chorus So too do the Pythian oracles; yet they are hard to understand.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Herbert Weir Smyth (modernised by Perseus) (1926). Original text: Greek text: Herbert Weir Smyth (ed. and trans.), Aeschylus, Loeb Classical Library, London: William Heinemann, 1926, as digitised by Perseus. English: Herbert Weir Smyth, Aeschylus, Loeb Classical Library, London: William Heinemann, 1926 (Perseus's modernised version of Smyth's prose translation).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.