Aeschylus · Agamemnon Ἀγαμέμνων

Aeschylus, Agamemnon 583–680: Second episode (cont.): Clytaemestra's message and the loss of Menelaus

The Chorus admit that Clytaemestra has proved them wrong, and she says that she raised a cry of triumph when the beacon came. She sends the Herald to tell her husband that she has been faithful. The Chorus ask about Menelaus, and the Herald tells how a storm sent by the gods wrecked the fleet and that Menelaus has not come back and is not known to be alive.

Lines 583–680 · 916 words · click a number to copy its link
Χορός 583νικώμενος λόγοισιν οὐκ ἀναίνομαι· ἀεὶ γὰρ ἥβη τοῖς γέρουσιν εὖ μαθεῖν. 585δόμοις δὲ ταῦτα καὶ Κλυταιμήστρᾳ μέλειν εἰκὸς μάλιστα, σὺν δὲ πλουτίζειν ἐμέ. Κλυταιμήστρα ἀνωλόλυξα μὲν πάλαι χαρᾶς ὕπο, ὅτʼ ἦλθʼ ὁ πρῶτος νύχιος ἄγγελος πυρός, φράζων ἅλωσιν Ἰλίου τʼ ἀνάστασιν. 590καί τίς μʼ ἐνίπτων εἶπε, φρυκτωρῶν δία πεισθεῖσα Τροίαν νῦν πεπορθῆσθαι δοκεῖς; ἦ κάρτα πρὸς γυναικὸς αἴρεσθαι κέαρ. λόγοις τοιούτοις πλαγκτὸς οὖσʼ ἐφαινόμην. ὅμως δʼ ἔθυον, καὶ γυναικείῳ νόμῳ 595ὀλολυγμὸν ἄλλος ἄλλοθεν κατὰ πτόλιν ἔλασκον εὐφημοῦντες ἐν θεῶν ἕδραις θυηφάγον κοιμῶντες εὐώδη φλόγα. καὶ νῦν τὰ μάσσω μὲν τί δεῖ σέ μοι λέγειν; ἄνακτος αὐτοῦ πάντα πεύσομαι λόγον. 600ὅπως δʼ ἄριστα τὸν ἐμὸν αἰδοῖον πόσιν σπεύσω πάλιν μολόντα δέξασθαι·—τί γὰρ γυναικὶ τούτου φέγγος ἥδιον δρακεῖν, ἀπὸ στρατείας ἀνδρὶ σώσαντος θεοῦ πύλας ἀνοῖξαι;—ταῦτʼ ἀπάγγειλον πόσει· 605ἥκειν ὅπως τάχιστʼ ἐράσμιον πόλει· γυναῖκα πιστὴν δʼ ἐν δόμοις εὕροι μολὼν οἵαν περ οὖν ἔλειπε, δωμάτων κύνα ἐσθλὴν ἐκείνῳ, πολεμίαν τοῖς δύσφροσιν, καὶ τἄλλʼ ὁμοίαν πάντα, σημαντήριον 610οὐδὲν διαφθείρασαν ἐν μήκει χρόνου. οὐδʼ οἶδα τέρψιν οὐδʼ ἐπίψογον φάτιν ἄλλου πρὸς ἀνδρὸς μᾶλλον ἢ χαλκοῦ βαφάς.

Chorus Your words have proved me wrong. I do not deny it; for the old have ever enough youth to learn aright. But these tidings should have most interest for the household and Clytaemestra, and at the same time enrich me.

Clytaemestra I raised a shout of triumph in my joy long before this, when the first flaming messenger arrived by night, telling that Ilium was captured and overthrown. Then there were some who chided me and said: Are you so convinced by beacon-fires as to think that Troy has now been sacked? Truly, it is just like a woman to be elated in heart. By such taunts I was made to seem as if my wits were wandering. Nevertheless I still held on with my sacrifice, and throughout all the quarters of the city, according to their womanly custom, they raised a shout of happy praise while in the shrines of the gods they lulled to rest the fragrant spice-fed flame. So now why should you rehearse to me the account at length? From the king himself I shall hear the whole tale; but I should hasten to welcome my honored husband best on his return. For what joy is sweeter in a woman’s eyes than to unbar the gates for her husband when God has spared him to return from war? Give this message to my husband: let him come with all speed, his country’s fond desire, come to find at home his wife faithful, even as he left her, a watchdog of his house, loyal to him, a foe to those who wish him ill; yes, for the rest, unchanged in every part; in all this length of time never having broken any seal. Of pleasure from any other man or of scandalous repute I know no more than of dyeing bronze.

Κῆρυξ 613τοιόσδʼ ὁ κόμπος τῆς ἀληθείας γέμων οὐκ αἰσχρὸς ὡς γυναικὶ γενναίᾳ λακεῖν. Χορός 615αὕτη μὲν οὕτως εἶπε μανθάνοντί σοι τοροῖσιν ἑρμηνεῦσιν εὐπρεπῶς λόγον. σὺ δʼ εἰπέ, κῆρυξ, Μενέλεων δὲ πεύθομαι. εἰ νόστιμός τε καὶ σεσωσμένος πάλιν ἥκει σὺν ὑμῖν, τῆσδε γῆς φίλον κράτος. Κῆρυξ 620οὐκ ἔσθʼ ὅπως λέξαιμι τὰ ψευδῆ καλὰ ἐς τὸν πολὺν φίλοισι καρποῦσθαι χρόνον. Χορός πῶς δῆτʼ ἂν εἰπὼν κεδνὰ τἀληθῆ τύχοις; σχισθέντα δʼ οὐκ εὔκρυπτα γίγνεται τάδε. Κῆρυξ ἁνὴρ ἄφαντος ἐξ Ἀχαιικοῦ στρατοῦ, 625αὐτός τε καὶ τὸ πλοῖον. οὐ ψευδῆ λέγω. Χορός πότερον ἀναχθεὶς ἐμφανῶς ἐξ Ἰλίου, ἢ χεῖμα, κοινὸν ἄχθος, ἥρπασε στρατοῦ; Κῆρυξ ἔκυρσας ὥστε τοξότης ἄκρος σκοποῦ· μακρὸν δὲ πῆμα συντόμως ἐφημίσω. Χορός 630πότερα γὰρ αὐτοῦ ζῶντος ἢ τεθνηκότος φάτις πρὸς ἄλλων ναυτίλων ἐκλῄζετο; Κῆρυξ οὐκ οἶδεν οὐδεὶς ὥστʼ ἀπαγγεῖλαι τορῶς, πλὴν τοῦ τρέφοντος Ἡλίου χθονὸς φύσιν. Χορός πῶς γὰρ λέγεις χειμῶνα ναυτικῷ στρατῷ 635ἐλθεῖν τελευτῆσαί τε δαιμόνων κότῳ;

Herald A boast like this, loaded full with truth, does not shame the speech of a noble wife.

Chorus Thus has she spoken for your schooling, but speciously for those that can interpret right. But, Herald, say—I want to hear of Menelaus. Has he, our land’s dear lord, travelled safe home and has he returned with you?

Herald It would be impossible to report false news so fair that those I love should take pleasure for long.

Chorus Oh if only you could tell tidings true yet good! It is not easy to conceal when true and good are split apart.

Herald The prince was swept from the sight of the Achaean host, himself, and his ship likewise. I speak no lies.

Chorus Did he put forth in sight of all from Ilium, or did a storm, distressing all in common, snatch him from the fleet?

Herald Like a master bowman you have hit the mark; a long tale of distress have you told in brief.

Chorus Did the general voice of other voyagers bring news of him as alive or dead?

Herald None knows to give clear report of this—except only the Sun that fosters life upon the earth.

Chorus How then do you say rose the storm by the wrath of the gods upon the naval host and passed away?

Herald

636εὔφημον ἦμαρ οὐ πρέπει κακαγγέλῳ γλώσσῃ μιαίνειν· χωρὶς ἡ τιμὴ θεῶν. ὅταν δʼ ἀπευκτὰ πήματʼ ἄγγελος πόλει στυγνῷ προσώπῳ πτωσίμου στρατοῦ φέρῃ, 640πόλει μὲν ἕλκος ἓν τὸ δήμιον τυχεῖν, πολλοὺς δὲ πολλῶν ἐξαγισθέντας δόμων ἄνδρας διπλῇ μάστιγι, τὴν Ἄρης φιλεῖ, δίλογχον ἄτην, φοινίαν ξυνωρίδα· τοιῶνδε μέντοι πημάτων σεσαγμένον 645πρέπει λέγειν παιᾶνα τόνδʼ Ἐρινύων. σωτηρίων δὲ πραγμάτων εὐάγγελον ἥκοντα πρὸς χαίρουσαν εὐεστοῖ πόλιν, πῶς κεδνὰ τοῖς κακοῖσι συμμείξω, λέγων χειμῶνʼ Ἀχαιοῖς οὐκ ἀμήνιτον θεῶν; 650ξυνώμοσαν γάρ, ὄντες ἔχθιστοι τὸ πρίν, πῦρ καὶ θάλασσα, καὶ τὰ πίστʼ ἐδειξάτην φθείροντε τὸν δύστηνον Ἀργείων στρατόν. ἐν νυκτὶ δυσκύμαντα δʼ ὠρώρει κακά. ναῦς γὰρ πρὸς ἀλλήλαισι Θρῄκιαι πνοαὶ 655ἤρεικον· αἱ δὲ κεροτυπούμεναι βίᾳ χειμῶνι τυφῶ σὺν ζάλῃ τʼ ὀμβροκτύπῳ ᾤχοντʼ ἄφαντοι ποιμένος κακοῦ στρόβῳ. ἐπεὶ δʼ ἀνῆλθε λαμπρὸν ἡλίου φάος, ὁρῶμεν ἀνθοῦν πέλαγος Αἰγαῖον νεκροῖς 660ἀνδρῶν Ἀχαιῶν ναυτικοῖς τʼ ἐρειπίοις. ἡμᾶς γε μὲν δὴ ναῦν τʼ ἀκήρατον σκάφος ἤτοι τις ἐξέκλεψεν ἢ ʼξῃτήσατο θεός τις, οὐκ ἄνθρωπος, οἴακος θιγών. τύχη δὲ σωτὴρ ναῦν θέλουσʼ ἐφέζετο, 665ὡς μήτʼ ἐν ὅρμῳ κύματος ζάλην ἔχειν μήτʼ ἐξοκεῖλαι πρὸς κραταίλεων χθόνα. ἔπειτα δʼ Ἅιδην πόντιον πεφευγότες, λευκὸν κατʼ ἦμαρ, οὐ πεποιθότες τύχῃ, ἐβουκολοῦμεν φροντίσιν νέον πάθος, 670στρατοῦ καμόντος καὶ κακῶς σποδουμένου. καὶ νῦν ἐκείνων εἴ τίς ἐστιν ἐμπνέων, λέγουσιν ἡμᾶς ὡς ὀλωλότας, τί μή; ἡμεῖς τʼ ἐκείνους ταὔτʼ ἔχειν δοξάζομεν. γένοιτο δʼ ὡς ἄριστα. Μενέλεων γὰρ οὖν 675πρῶτόν τε καὶ μάλιστα προσδόκα μολεῖν. εἰ γοῦν τις ἀκτὶς ἡλίου νιν ἱστορεῖ καὶ ζῶντα καὶ βλέποντα, μηχαναῖς Διός, οὔπω θέλοντος ἐξαναλῶσαι γένος, ἐλπίς τις αὐτὸν πρὸς δόμους ἥξειν πάλιν. 680τοσαῦτʼ ἀκούσας ἴσθι τἀληθῆ κλύων.

An auspicious day one should not mar with a tale of misfortune—the honor due to the gods keeps them apart. When a messenger with gloomy countenance reports to a people dire disaster of its army’s rout— one common wound inflicted on the State, while from many a home many a victim is devoted to death by the two-handled whip beloved of Ares, destruction double-armed, a gory pair—when, I say, he is packed with woes like this, he should sing the triumph-song of the Avenging Spirits. But when one comes with glad news of deliverance to a city rejoicing in its happiness—how shall I mix fair with foul in telling of the storm, not unprovoked by the gods’ wrath, that broke upon the Achaeans? For fire and sea, beforehand bitterest of foes, swore alliance and as proof destroyed the unhappy Argive army. In the night-time arose the mischief from the cruel swells. Beneath blasts from Thrace ship dashed against ship; and they, gored violently by the furious hurricane and rush of pelting rain, were swept out of sight by the whirling gust of an evil shepherd. But when the radiant light of the sun rose we beheld the Aegean flowering with corpses of Achaean men and wreckage of ships. Ourselves, however, and our ship, its hull unshattered, some power, divine not human, preserved by stealth or intercession, laying hand upon its helm; and Savior Fortune chose to sit aboard our craft so that it should neither take in the swelling surf at anchorage nor drive upon a rock-bound coast. Then, having escaped death upon the deep, in the clear bright day, scarce crediting our fortune, we brooded in anxious thought over our late mischance, our fleet distressed and sorely buffeted. So now, if any of them still draw the breath of life, they speak of us as lost—and why should they not? We think the same of them. But may all turn out for the best! For Menelaus, indeed; first and foremost expect him to return. At least if some beam of the sun finds him alive and well, by the design of Zeus, who has not yet decided utterly to destroy the race, there is some hope that he will come home again. Hearing so much, be assured that you hear the truth.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Herbert Weir Smyth (modernised by Perseus) (1926). Original text: Greek text: Herbert Weir Smyth (ed. and trans.), Aeschylus, Loeb Classical Library, London: William Heinemann, 1926, as digitised by Perseus. English: Herbert Weir Smyth, Aeschylus, Loeb Classical Library, London: William Heinemann, 1926 (Perseus's modernised version of Smyth's prose translation).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.