Aeschylus · Agamemnon Ἀγαμέμνων

Aeschylus, Agamemnon 264–354: First episode: Clytaemestra announces the fall of Troy

Clytaemestra comes from the palace and tells the Chorus that the Argives have taken Priam's city. When the elders cannot believe it, she describes the chain of beacon fires that carried the message from Mount Ida by way of Lemnos and Athos to the roof of the palace. She then describes the capture of the city as she imagines it, and the Chorus accept her proof and turn to thanksgiving.

Lines 264–354 · 861 words · click a number to copy its link
Κλυταιμήστρα 264εὐάγγελος μέν, ὥσπερ ἡ παροιμία, 265ἕως γένοιτο μητρὸς εὐφρόνης πάρα. πεύσῃ δὲ χάρμα μεῖζον ἐλπίδος κλύειν· Πριάμου γὰρ ᾑρήκασιν Ἀργεῖοι πόλιν. Χορός πῶς φής; πέφευγε τοὔπος ἐξ ἀπιστίας. Κλυταιμήστρα Τροίαν Ἀχαιῶν οὖσαν· ἦ τορῶς λέγω; Χορός 270χαρά μʼ ὑφέρπει δάκρυον ἐκκαλουμένη. Κλυταιμήστρα εὖ γὰρ φρονοῦντος ὄμμα σοῦ κατηγορεῖ. Χορός τί γὰρ τὸ πιστόν; ἔστι τῶνδέ σοι τέκμαρ; Κλυταιμήστρα ἔστιν· τί δʼ οὐχί; μὴ δολώσαντος θεοῦ. Χορός πότερα δʼ ὀνείρων φάσματʼ εὐπιθῆ σέβεις; Κλυταιμήστρα 275οὐ δόξαν ἂν λάβοιμι βριζούσης φρενός. Χορός ἀλλʼ ἦ σʼ ἐπίανέν τις ἄπτερος φάτις; Κλυταιμήστρα παιδὸς νέας ὣς κάρτʼ ἐμωμήσω φρένας. Χορός ποίου χρόνου δὲ καὶ πεπόρθηται πόλις; Κλυταιμήστρα τῆς νῦν τεκούσης φῶς τόδʼ εὐφρόνης λέγω. Χορός 280καὶ τίς τόδʼ ἐξίκοιτʼ ἂν ἀγγέλων τάχος;

Clytaemestra As herald of gladness, with the proverb, may Dawn be born from her mother Night! You shall hear joyful news surpassing all your hopes—the Argives have taken Priam’s town!

Chorus What have you said? The meaning of your words has escaped me, so incredible they seemed.

Clytaemestra I said that Troy is in the hands of the Achaeans. Is my meaning clear?

Chorus Joy steals over me, and it challenges my tears.

Clytaemestra Sure enough, for your eye betrays your loyal heart.

Chorus What then is the proof? Have you evidence of this?

Clytaemestra I have, indeed; unless some god has played me false.

Chorus Do you believe the persuasive visions of dreams?

Clytaemestra I would not heed the fancies of a slumbering brain.

Chorus But can it be some pleasing rumor that has fed your hopes?

Clytaemestra Truly you scorn my understanding as if it were a child’s.

Chorus But at what time was the city destroyed?

Clytaemestra In the night, I say, that has but now given birth to this day here.

Chorus And what messenger could reach here with such speed?

Κλυταιμήστρα 281Ἥφαιστος Ἴδης λαμπρὸν ἐκπέμπων σέλας. φρυκτὸς δὲ φρυκτὸν δεῦρʼ ἀπʼ ἀγγάρου πυρὸς ἔπεμπεν· Ἴδη μὲν πρὸς Ἑρμαῖον λέπας Λήμνου· μέγαν δὲ πανὸν ἐκ νήσου τρίτον 285Ἀθῷον αἶπος Ζηνὸς ἐξεδέξατο, ὑπερτελής τε, πόντον ὥστε νωτίσαι, ἰσχὺς πορευτοῦ λαμπάδος πρὸς ἡδονὴν […] πεύκη τὸ χρυσοφεγγές, ὥς τις ἥλιος, σέλας παραγγείλασα Μακίστου σκοπαῖς· 290ὁ δʼ οὔτι μέλλων οὐδʼ ἀφρασμόνως ὕπνῳ νικώμενος παρῆκεν ἀγγέλου μέρος· ἑκὰς δὲ φρυκτοῦ φῶς ἐπʼ Εὐρίπου ῥοὰς Μεσσαπίου φύλαξι σημαίνει μολόν. οἱ δʼ ἀντέλαμψαν καὶ παρήγγειλαν πρόσω 295γραίας ἐρείκης θωμὸν ἅψαντες πυρί. σθένουσα λαμπὰς δʼ οὐδέπω μαυρουμένη, ὑπερθοροῦσα πεδίον Ἀσωποῦ, δίκην φαιδρᾶς σελήνης, πρὸς Κιθαιρῶνος λέπας ἤγειρεν ἄλλην ἐκδοχὴν πομποῦ πυρός. 300φάος δὲ τηλέπομπον οὐκ ἠναίνετο φρουρὰ πλέον καίουσα τῶν εἰρημένων· λίμνην δʼ ὑπὲρ Γοργῶπιν ἔσκηψεν φάος· ὄρος τʼ ἐπʼ Αἰγίπλαγκτον ἐξικνούμενον ὤτρυνε θεσμὸν μὴ χρονίζεσθαι πυρός. 305πέμπουσι δʼ ἀνδαίοντες ἀφθόνῳ μένει φλογὸς μέγαν πώγωνα, καὶ Σαρωνικοῦ πορθμοῦ κάτοπτον πρῶνʼ ὑπερβάλλειν πρόσω φλέγουσαν· ἔστʼ ἔσκηψεν εὖτʼ ἀφίκετο Ἀραχναῖον αἶπος, ἀστυγείτονας σκοπάς· 310κἄπειτʼ Ἀτρειδῶν ἐς τόδε σκήπτει στέγος φάος τόδʼ οὐκ ἄπαππον Ἰδαίου πυρός. τοιοίδε τοί μοι λαμπαδηφόρων νόμοι, ἄλλος παρʼ ἄλλου διαδοχαῖς πληρούμενοι· νικᾷ δʼ ὁ πρῶτος καὶ τελευταῖος δραμών. 315τέκμαρ τοιοῦτον σύμβολόν τέ σοι λέγω ἀνδρὸς παραγγείλαντος ἐκ Τροίας ἐμοί. Χορός θεοῖς μὲν αὖθις, ὦ γύναι, προσεύξομαι. λόγους δʼ ἀκοῦσαι τούσδε κἀποθαυμάσαι διηνεκῶς θέλοιμʼ ἂν ὡς λέγοις πάλιν.

Clytaemestra Hephaestus, from Ida speeding forth his brilliant blaze. Beacon passed beacon on to us by courier-flame: Ida, to the Hermaean crag in Lemnos; to the mighty blaze upon the island succeeded, third, the summit of Athos sacred to Zeus; and, soaring high aloft so as to leap across the sea, the flame, travelling joyously onward in its strength […] the pinewood torch, its golden-beamed light, as another sun, passing the message on to the watchtowers of Macistus. He, delaying not nor carelessly overcome by sleep, did not neglect his part as messenger. Far over Euripus’ stream came the beacon-light and signalled to the watchmen on Messapion. They, kindling a heap of withered heather, lit up their answering blaze and sped the message on. The flame, now gathering strength and in no way dimmed, like a radiant moon overleaped the plain of Asopus to Cithaeron’s ridges, and roused another relay of missive fire. Nor did the warders there disdain the far-flung light, but made a blaze higher than their commands. Across Gorgopus’ water shot the light, reached the mount of Aegiplanctus, and urged the ordinance of fire to make no delay. Kindling high with unstinted force a mighty beard of flame, they sped it forward so that, as it blazed, it passed even the headland that looks upon the Saronic gulf; until it swooped down when it reached the lookout, near to our city, upon the peak of Arachnaeus; and next upon this roof of the Atreidae it leapt, this very fire not undescended from the Idaean flame. Such are the torch-bearers I have arranged, completing the course in succession one to the other; and the victor is he who ran both first and last. This is the kind of proof and token I give you, the message of my husband from Troy to me.

Chorus Lady, my prayers of thanksgiving to the gods I will offer soon. But as I would like to hear and satisfy my wonder at your tale straight through to the end, so may you tell it yet again.

Κλυταιμήστρα 320Τροίαν Ἀχαιοὶ τῇδʼ ἔχουσʼ ἐν ἡμέρᾳ. οἶμαι βοὴν ἄμεικτον ἐν πόλει πρέπειν. ὄξος τʼ ἄλειφά τʼ ἐγχέας ταὐτῷ κύτει διχοστατοῦντʼ ἄν, οὐ φίλω, προσεννέποις. καὶ τῶν ἁλόντων καὶ κρατησάντων δίχα 325φθογγὰς ἀκούειν ἔστι συμφορᾶς διπλῆς. οἱ μὲν γὰρ ἀμφὶ σώμασιν πεπτωκότες ἀνδρῶν κασιγνήτων τε καὶ φυταλμίων παῖδες γερόντων οὐκέτʼ ἐξ ἐλευθέρου δέρης ἀποιμώζουσι φιλτάτων μόρον· 330τοὺς δʼ αὖτε νυκτίπλαγκτος ἐκ μάχης πόνος νήστεις πρὸς ἀρίστοισιν ὧν ἔχει πόλις τάσσει, πρὸς οὐδὲν ἐν μέρει τεκμήριον, ἀλλʼ ὡς ἕκαστος ἔσπασεν τύχης πάλον. ἐν δʼ αἰχμαλώτοις Τρωικοῖς οἰκήμασιν 335ναίουσιν ἤδη, τῶν ὑπαιθρίων πάγων δρόσων τʼ ἀπαλλαγέντες, ὡς δʼ εὐδαίμονες ἀφύλακτον εὑδήσουσι πᾶσαν εὐφρόνην. εἰ δʼ εὖ σέβουσι τοὺς πολισσούχους θεοὺς τοὺς τῆς ἁλούσης γῆς θεῶν θʼ ἱδρύματα, 340οὔ τἂν ἑλόντες αὖθις ἀνθαλοῖεν ἄν. ἔρως δὲ μή τις πρότερον ἐμπίπτῃ στρατῷ πορθεῖν ἃ μὴ χρή, κέρδεσιν νικωμένους. δεῖ γὰρ πρὸς οἴκους νοστίμου σωτηρίας κάμψαι διαύλου θάτερον κῶλον πάλιν· 345θεοῖς δʼ ἀναμπλάκητος εἰ μόλοι στρατός, ἐγρηγορὸς τὸ πῆμα τῶν ὀλωλότων γένοιτʼ ἄν, εἰ πρόσπαια μὴ τύχοι κακά. τοιαῦτά τοι γυναικὸς ἐξ ἐμοῦ κλύεις· τὸ δʼ εὖ κρατοίη μὴ διχορρόπως ἰδεῖν. 350πολλῶν γὰρ ἐσθλῶν τήνδʼ ὄνησιν εἱλόμην. Χορός γύναι, κατʼ ἄνδρα σώφρονʼ εὐφρόνως λέγεις. ἐγὼ δʼ ἀκούσας πιστά σου τεκμήρια θεοὺς προσειπεῖν εὖ παρασκευάζομαι. χάρις γὰρ οὐκ ἄτιμος εἴργασται πόνων.

Clytaemestra This day the Achaeans hold Troy. Within the town there sounds loud, I believe, a clamor of voices which will not blend. Pour vinegar and oil into the same vessel and you will say that, as foes, they keep apart; so the cries of vanquished and victors greet the ear, distinct as their fortunes are diverse. Those, flung upon the corpses of their husbands and their brothers, children upon the bodies of their aged fathers who gave them life, bewail from lips no longer free the death of their dearest ones, while these— a night of restless toil after battle sets them down famished to break their fast on such fare as the town affords; not faring according to rank, but as each man has drawn his lot by chance. And even now they are quartered in the captured Trojan homes, delivered from the frosts and dew of the naked sky, and like happy men will sleep all the night without a guard. Now if they keep clear of guilt towards the gods of the town—those of the conquered land—and towards their shrines, the captors shall not be made captives in their turn. Only may no mad impulse first assail the army, overmastered by greed, to pillage what they should not! For to win safe passage home they need to travel back the other length of their double course. But even if, without having offended the gods, our troops should reach home, the grievous suffering of the dead might still remain awake—if no fresh disaster transpires. These are my woman’s words; but may the good prevail clearly for all to see! For, choosing thus, I have chosen the enjoyment of many a blessing.

Chorus Lady, you speak as wisely as a prudent man. And, for my part, now that I have listened to your certain proofs, I prepare to address due prayers of thanksgiving to the gods; for a success has been achieved that well repays the toil.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Herbert Weir Smyth (modernised by Perseus) (1926). Original text: Greek text: Herbert Weir Smyth (ed. and trans.), Aeschylus, Loeb Classical Library, London: William Heinemann, 1926, as digitised by Perseus. English: Herbert Weir Smyth, Aeschylus, Loeb Classical Library, London: William Heinemann, 1926 (Perseus's modernised version of Smyth's prose translation).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.

Agamemnon 264–354: Clytaemestra announces the fall of Troy