φησὶ δʼ Ἀρτεμίδωρος τὸ ἀντικείμενον ἐκ τῆς Ἀραβίας ἀκρωτήριον τῇ Δειρῇ καλεῖσθαι * Ἀκίλαν· τοὺς δὲ περὶ τὴν Δειρὴν κολοβοὺς εἶναι τὰς βαλάνους. ἀπὸ δὲ Ἡρώων πόλεως πλέουσι κατὰ τὴν Τρωγλοδυτικὴν πόλιν εἶναι Φιλωτέραν ἀπὸ τῆς ἀδελφῆς τοῦ δευτέρου Πτολεμαίου προσαγορευθεῖσαν, Σατύρου κτίσμα τοῦ πεμφθέντος ἐπὶ τὴν διερεύνησιν τῆς τῶν ἐλεφάντων θήρας καὶ τῆς Τρωγλοδυτικῆς· εἶτα ἄλλην πόλιν Ἀρσινόην· εἶτα θερμῶν ὑδάτων ἐκβολὰς πικρῶν καὶ ἁλμυρῶν, κατὰ πέτρας τινὸς ὑψηλῆς ἐκδιδόντων εἰς τὴν θάλατταν, καὶ πλησίον ὄρος ἐστὶν ἐν πεδίῳ μιλτῶδες· εἶτα Μυὸς ὅρμον ὃν καὶ Ἀφροδίτης ὅρμον καλεῖσθαι, λιμένα μέγαν, τὸν εἴσπλουν ἔχοντα σκολιόν· προκεῖσθαι δὲ νήσους τρεῖς, δύο μὲν ἐλαίαις κατασκίους, μίαν δʼ ἧττον κατάσκιον, μελεαγρίδων μεστήν· εἶθʼ ἑξῆς τὸν Ἀκάθαρτον κόλπον καὶ αὐτὸν κατὰ τὴν Θηβαΐδα κείμενον, καθάπερ τὸν Μυὸς ὅρμον, ὄντως δὲ ἀκάθαρτον· καὶ γὰρ ὑφάλοις χοιράσι καὶ ῥαχίαις ἐκτετράχυνται καὶ πνοιαῖς καταιγιζούσαις τὸ πλέον. ἐνταῦθα δὲ ἱδρῦσθαι Βερενίκην πόλιν ἐν βάθει τοῦ κόλπου.
Artemidorus says, that the promontory of Arabia, opposite to Deire, is called Acila, and that the persons who live near Deire deprive themselves of the prepuce.
In sailing from Heroopolis along Troglodytica, a city is met with called Philotera, after the sister of the second Ptolemy; it was founded by Satyrus, who was sent to explore the hunting-ground for the elephants, and Troglodytica itself. Next to this is another city, Arsinoë; and next to this, springs of hot water, which are salt and bitter; they are precipitated from a high rock, and discharge themselves into the sea. There is in a plain near (these springs) a mountain, which is of a red colour like minium. Next is Myus Hormus, which is also called Aphrodites Hormus; it is a large harbour with an oblique entrance. In front are three islands; two are covered with olive trees, and one (the third) is less shaded with trees, and abounds with guinea-fowls. Then follows Acathartus (or Foul Bay), which, like Myus Hormus, is in the latitude of the Thebais. The bay is really foul, for it is very dangerous from rocks (some of which are covered by the sea, others rise to the surface), as also from almost constant and furious tempests. At the bottom of the bay is situated the city Berenice.
μετὰ δὲ τὸν κόλπον ἡ Ὀφιώδης καλουμένη νῆσος ἀπὸ τοῦ συμβεβηκότος, ἣν ἠλευθέρωσε τῶν ἑρπετῶν ὁ βασιλεύς, ἅμα καὶ διὰ τὰς φθορὰς τῶν προσορμιζομένων ἀνθρώπων τὰς ἐκ τῶν θηρίων καὶ διὰ τὰ τοπάζια. λίθος δέ ἐστι διαφανὴς χρυσοειδὲς ἀποστίλβων φέγγος, ὅσον μεθʼ ἡμέραν μὲν οὐ ῥᾴδιον ἰδεῖν ἔστι (ὑπεραυγεῖται γάρ), νύκτωρ δʼ ὁρῶσιν οἱ συλλέγοντες· περικαθάψαντες δὲ ἀγγεῖον σημείου χάριν μεθʼ ἡμέραν ἀνορύττουσι· καὶ ἦν σύστημα ἀνθρώπων ἀποδεδειγμένων εἰς τὴν φυλακὴν τῆς λιθείας ταύτης καὶ τὴν συναγωγήν, σιταρχούμενον ὑπὸ τῶν τῆς Αἰγύπτου βασιλέων.
After the bay is the island Ophiodes, so called from the accidental circumstance [of its having once been infested with serpents]. It was cleared of the serpents by the king, on account of the destruction occasioned by those noxious animals to the persons who frequented the island, and on account of the topazes found there. The topaz is a transparent stone, sparkling with a golden lustre, which however is not easy to be distinguished in the day-time, on account of the brightness of the surrounding light, but at night the stones are visible to those who collect them. The collectors place a vessel over the spot [where the topazes are seen] as a mark, and dig them up in the day. A body of men was appointed and maintained by the kings of Egypt to guard the place where these stones were found, and to superintend the collection of them.
μετὰ δὲ τὴν νῆσον ταύτην πολλά ἐστιν ἰχθυοφάγων γένη καὶ νομάδων· εἶθʼ ὁ τῆς Σωτείρας λιμήν, ὃν ἐκ κινδύνων μεγάλων τινὲς σωθέντες τῶν ἡγεμόνων ἀπὸ τοῦ συμβεβηκότος οὕτως ἐκάλεσαν. μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα ἐξάλλαξις πολλὴ τῆς παραλίας καὶ τοῦ κόλπου· τὸν γὰρ παράπλουν οὐκέτι συμβαίνει τραχὺν εἶναι, συνάπτειν τέ πως τῇ Ἀραβίᾳ καὶ τὸ πέλαγος ταπεινὸν εἶναι σχεδόν τι καὶ ἐπὶ δύο ὀργυιάς, ποάζειν τε τὴν ἐπιφάνειαν διαφαινομένου τοῦ μνίου καὶ τοῦ φύκους ὅπερ πλεονάζει κατὰ τὸν πόρον, ὅπου γε καὶ δένδρα φύεται καθʼ ὕδατος παρὰ τοῖς ἐνταῦθα· ἔχει δὲ καὶ κυνῶν πλῆθος τῶν θαλαττίων ὁ πόρος· εἶθʼ οἱ Ταῦροι, δύο ὄρη τύπον τινὰ πόρρωθεν δεικνύντα τοῖς ζῴοις ὅμοιον· εἶτʼ ἄλλο ὄρος ἱερὸν ἔχον τῆς Ἴσιδος, Σεσώστριος ἀφίδρυμα· εἶτα νῆσος ἐλαίᾳ κατάφυτος ἐπικλυζομένη, μεθʼ ἣν ἡ Πτολεμαῒς πρὸς τῇ θήρᾳ τῶν ἐλεφάντων, κτίσμα Εὐμήδους τοῦ πεμφθέντος ἐπὶ τὴν θήραν ὑπὸ Φιλαδέλφου, λάθρᾳ περιβαλομένου χερρονήσῳ τινὶ τάφρον καὶ περίβολον, εἶτʼ ἐκθεραπεύσαντος τοὺς κωλύοντας καὶ κατεσκευασμένου φίλους ἀντὶ δυσμενῶν.
Next after this island follow many tribes of Ichthyophagi and of Nomades; then succeeds the harbour of the goddess Soteira (the Preserver), which had its name from the circumstance of the escape and preservation of some masters [of vessels] from great dangers by sea.
After this the coast and the gulf seem to undergo a great change: for the voyage along the coast is no longer among rocks, and approaches almost close to Arabia; the sea is so shallow as to be scarcely of the depth of two orguiae, and has the appearance of a meadow, in consequence of the sea-weeds, which abound in the passage, being visible through and under the water. Even trees here grow from under the water, and the sea abounds with sea-dogs.
Next are two mountains, the Tauri (or the Bulls), presenting at a distance a resemblance to these animals. Then follows another mountain, on which is a temple of Isis, built by Sesostris; then an island planted with olive trees, and at times overflowed. This is followed by the city Ptolemaïs, near the hunting-grounds of the elephants, founded by Eumedes, who was sent by Philadelphus to the hunting-ground. He enclosed, without the knowledge of the inhabitants, a kind of peninsula with a ditch and wall, and by his courteous address gained over those who were inclined to obstruct the work, and instead of enemies made them his friends.
Ἐν δὲ τῷ μεταξὺ ἐκδίδωσιν ἀπόσπασμα τοῦ Ἀσταβόρα καλουμένου ποταμοῦ, ὃς ἐκ λίμνης τὴν ἀρχὴν ἔχων μέρος μέν τι ἐκδίδωσι, τὸ δὲ πλέον συμβάλλει τῷ Νείλῳ· εἶτα νῆσοι ἓξ Λατομίαι καλούμεναι· καὶ μετὰ ταῦτα τὸ Σαβαϊτικὸν στόμα λεγόμενον καὶ ἐν τῇ μεσογαίᾳ φρούριον, Τοσούχου ἵδρυμα· εἶτα λιμὴν καλούμενος Ἐλαία καὶ ἡ Στράτωνος νῆσος· εἶτα λιμὴν Σαβὰ καὶ κυνήγιον ἐλεφάντων ὁμώνυμον αὐτῷ· ἡ δʼ ἐν βάθει τούτων χώρα Τηνεσσὶς λέγεται· ἔχουσι δʼ αὐτὴν οἱ παρὰ Ψαμμιτίχου φυγάδες Αἰγυπτίων· ἐπονομάζονται δὲ Σεμβρῖται, ὡς ἂν ἐπήλυδες· βασιλεύονται δʼ ὑπὸ γυναικός, ὑφʼ ἥν ἐστι καὶ ἡ Μερόη, πλησίον τῶν τόπων οὖσα τούτων ἐν τῷ Νείλῳ νῆσος, ὑπὲρ ἧς ἄλλη ἐστὶ νῆσος οὐ πολὺ ἄπωθεν ἐν τῷ ποταμῷ, κατοικία τῶν αὐτῶν τούτων φυγάδων. ἀπὸ δὲ Μερόης ἐπὶ τήνδε τὴν θάλατταν εὐζώνῳ ὁδὸς ἡμερῶν πεντεκαίδεκα. περὶ δὲ τὴν Μερόην καὶ ἡ συμβολὴ τοῦ τε Ἀσταβόρα καὶ τοῦ Ἀστάπου καὶ ἔτι τοῦ Ἀστασόβα πρὸς τὸν Νεῖλον.
In the intervening space, a branch of the river Astaboras discharges itself. It has its source in a lake, and empties part of its waters [into the bay], but the larger portion it contributes to the Nile. Then follow six islands, called Latomiae, after these the Sabaïtic mouth, as it is called, and in the inland parts a fortress built by Suchus. Then a lake called Elaea, and the island of Strato; next Saba a port, and a hunting-ground for elephants of the same name. The country deep in the interior is called Tenessis. It is occupied by those Egyptians who took refuge from the government of Psammitichus. They are surnamed Sembritae, as being strangers. They are governed by a queen, to whom also Meroë, an island in the Nile near these places, is subject. Above this, at no great distance, is another island in the river, a settlement occupied by the same fugitives. From Meroë to this sea is a journey of fifteen days for an active person.
Near Meroë is the confluence of the Astaboras, the Astapus, and of the Astasobas with the Nile.
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