παροικοῦσι δὲ τούτοις οἱ ῥιζοφάγοι καὶ ἕλειοι προσαγορευόμενοι διὰ τὸ ἐκ τοῦ παρακειμένου ῥιζοτομοῦντας ἕλους κόπτειν λίθοις καὶ ἀναπλάττειν μάζας, ἡλιάσαντας δὲ σιτεῖσθαι· λεοντοβότα δʼ ἐστὶ τὰ χωρία· ταῖς δʼ ὑπὸ κυνὸς ἐπιτολὴν ἡμέραις ὑπὸ κωνώπων μεγάλων ἐξελαύνεται τὰ θηρία ἐκ τῶν τόπων· εἰσὶ δὲ καὶ σπερμοφάγοι πλησίον, οἳ τῶν σπερμάτων ἐπιλιπόντων ὑπὸ τῶν ἀκροδρύων τρέφονται, σκευάζοντες παραπλησίως ὥσπερ τὰς ῥίζας οἱ ῥιζοφάγοι. μετὰ δὲ τὴν Ἐλαίαν αἱ Δημητρίου σκοπιαὶ καὶ βωμοὶ Κόνωνος· ἐν δὲ τῇ μεσογαίᾳ καλάμων Ἰνδικῶν φύεται πλῆθος· καλεῖται δὲ ἡ χώρα Κορακίου· ἦν δέ τις ἐν βάθει Ἐνδέρα γυμνητῶν ἀνθρώπων κατοικία, τόξοις χρωμένων καλαμίνοις καὶ πεπυρακτωμένοις οἰστοῖς· ἀπὸ δένδρων δὲ τοξεύουσι τὰ θηρία τὸ πλέον, ἔστι δʼ ὅτε καὶ ἀπὸ γῆς· πολὺ δʼ ἐστὶ παρʼ αὐτοῖς πλῆθος τῶν ἀγρίων βοῶν· ἀπὸ δὲ τῆς τούτων καὶ τῶν ἄλλων θηρίων κρεοφαγίας ζῶσιν, ἐπὰν δὲ μηδὲν θηρεύσωσι, τὰ ξηρὰ δέρματα ἐπʼ ἀνθρακιᾶς ὀπτῶντες ἀρκοῦνται τῇ τοιαύτῃ τροφῇ. ἔθος δʼ ἐστὶν αὐτοῖς ἀγῶνα τοξείας προτιθέναι τοῖς ἀνήβοις παισί. μετὰ δὲ τοὺς Κόνωνος βωμοὺς ὁ Μήλινος λιμήν· ὑπέρκειται δʼ αὐτοῦ φρούριον Κοράου καλούμενον καὶ κυνήγιον τοῦ Κοράου καὶ ἄλλο φρούριον καὶ κυνήγια πλείω· εἶτα ὁ Ἀντιφίλου λιμὴν καὶ οἱ ὑπὲρ τούτου κρεοφάγοι, κολοβοὶ τὰς βαλάνους καὶ αἱ γυναῖκες ἰουδαϊκῶς ἐκτετμημέναι.
On the banks of these rivers live the Rhizophagi (or root-eaters) and Heleii (or marsh-men). They have their name from digging roots in the adjacent marsh, bruising them with stones, and forming them into cakes, which they dry in the sun for food. These countries are the haunts of lions. The wild beasts are driven out of these places, at the time of the rising of the dog-star, by large gnats.
Near these people live the Spermophagi (or seed-eaters), who, when seeds of plants fail, subsist upon seeds of trees, which they prepare in the same manner as the Rhizophagi prepare their roots.
Next to Elaea are the watch-towers of Demetrius, and the altars of Conon. In the interior Indian reeds grow in abundance. The country there is called the country of Coracius.
Far in the interior was a place called Endera, inhabited by a naked tribe, who use bows and reed arrows, the points of which are hardened in the fire. They generally shoot the animals from trees, sometimes from the ground. They have numerous herds of wild cattle among them, on the flesh of which they subsist, and on that of other wild animals. When they have taken nothing in the chase, they dress dried skins upon hot coals, and are satisfied with food of this kind. It is their custom to propose trials of skill in archery for those who have not attained manhood.
Next to the altars of Conon is the port of Melinus, and above it is a fortress called that of Coraus and the chase of Coraus, also another fortress and more hunting-grounds. Then follows the harbour of Antiphilus, and above this a tribe, the Creophagi, deprived of the prepuce, and the women are excised after the Jewish custom.
ἔτι δʼ ὑπὲρ τούτων ὡς πρὸς μεσημβρίαν οἱ κυναμολγοί, ὑπὸ δὲ τῶν ἐντοπίων ἄγριοι καλούμενοι, κατάκομοι, καταπώγωνες, κύνας ἐκτρέφοντες εὐμεγέθεις, οἷς θηρεύουσι τοὺς ἐπερχομένους ἐκ τῆς πλησιοχώρου βόας Ἰνδικούς, εἴθʼ ὑπὸ θηρίων ἐξελαυνομένους εἴτε σπάνει νομῆς· ἡ δʼ ἔφοδος αὐτῶν ἀπὸ θερινῶν τροπῶν μέχρι μέσου χειμῶνος. τῷ δʼ Ἀντιφίλου λιμένι ἑξῆς ἔστι λιμὴν καλούμενος κολοβῶν ἄλσος καὶ Βερενίκη πόλις ἡ κατὰ Σαβὰς καὶ Σαβαί, πόλις εὐμεγέθης, εἶτα τὸ τοῦ Εὐμένους ἄλσος. ὑπέρκειται δὲ πόλις Δάραδα καὶ κυνήγιον ἐλεφάντων τὸ πρὸς τῷ φρέατι καλούμενον· κατοικοῦσι δʼ ἐλεφαντοφάγοι, τὴν θήραν ποιούμενοι τοιαύτην· ἀπὸ τῶν δένδρων ἰδόντες ἀγέλην διὰ τοῦ δρυμοῦ φερομένην τῇ μὲν οὐκ ἐπιτίθενται, τοὺς δʼ ἀποπλανηθέντας ἐκ τῶν ὄπισθεν λάθρᾳ προσιόντες νευροκοποῦσι· τινὲς δὲ καὶ τοξεύμασιν ἀναιροῦσιν αὐτοὺς χολῇ βεβαμμένοις ὄφεων· ἡ δὲ τοξεία διὰ τριῶν ἀνδρῶν συντελεῖται, τῶν μὲν κατεχόντων τὸ τόξον καὶ προβεβηκότων τοῖς ποσί, τοῦ δʼ ἕλκοντος τὴν νευράν· ἄλλοι δὲ σημειωσάμενοι τὰ δένδρα οἷς εἰώθασι προσαναπαύεσθαι, προσιόντες ἐκ θατέρου μέρους τὸ στέλεχος ὑποκόπτουσιν· ἐπὰν οὖν προσιὸν τὸ θηρίον ἀποκλίνῃ πρὸς αὐτό, πεσόντος τοῦ δένδρου πίπτει καὶ αὐτό, ἀναστῆναι δὲ μὴ δυναμένου διὰ τὸ τὰ σκέλη διηνεκὲς ὀστοῦν ἔχειν καὶ ἀκαμπές, καταπηδήσαντες ἀπὸ τῶν δένδρων ἀνατέμνουσιν αὐτό· τοὺς δὲ κυνηγοὺς οἱ νομάδες ἀκαθάρτους καλοῦσιν.
Further still towards the south are the Cynamolgi, called by the natives Agrii, with long hair and long beards, who keep a breed of very large dogs for hunting the Indian cattle which come into their country from the neighbouring district, driven thither either by wild beasts or by scarcity of pasturage. The time of their incursion is from the summer solstice to the middle of winter.
Next to the harbour of Antiphilus is a port called the Grove of the Colobi (or the Mutilated), the city Berenice of Sabae, and Sabae a considerable city; then he grove of Eumenes.
Above is the city Darada, and a hunting-ground for elephants, called At the Well. The district is inhabited by the Elephantophagi (or Elephant-eaters), who are occupied in hunting them. When they descry from the trees a herd of elephants directing their course through the forest, they do not [then] attack, but they approach by stealth and hamstring the hindmost stragglers from the herd. Some kill them with bows and arrows, the latter being dipped in the gall of serpents. The shooting with the bow is performed by three men, two, advancing in front, hold the bow, and one draws the string. Others remark the trees against which the elephant is accustomed to rest, and, approaching on the opposite side, cut the trunk of the tree low down. When the animal comes and leans against it, the tree and the elephant fall down together. The elephant is unable to rise, because its legs are formed of one piece of bone which is inflexible; the hunters leap down from the trees, kill it, and cut it in pieces. The Nomades call the hunters Acatharti, or impure.
̔υπέρκειται δὲ τούτων ἔθνος οὐ μέγα στρουθοφάγων, παρʼ οἷς ὄρνεις εἰσὶ μέγεθος ἐλάφων ἔχοντες, πέτασθαι μὲν οὐ δυνάμενοι, θέοντες δὲ ὀξέως καθάπερ οἱ στρουθοκάμηλοι· θηρεύουσι δʼ αὐτοὺς οἱ μὲν τόξοις, οἱ δὲ ταῖς δοραῖς τῶν στρουθῶν σκεπασθέντες τὴν μὲν δεξιὰν καλύπτουσι τῷ τραχηλιμαίῳ μέρει καὶ κινοῦσιν οὕτως ὥσπερ τὰ ζῷα κινεῖται τοῖς τραχήλοις, τῇ δὲ ἀριστερᾷ σπέρμα προχέουσιν ἀπὸ πήρας παρηρτημένης, καὶ τούτῳ δελεάσαντες τὰ ζῷα εἰς φάραγγας συνωθοῦσιν· ἐνταῦθα δʼ ἐφεστῶτες ξυλοκόποι κατακόπτουσι· καὶ ἀμπέχονται δὲ καὶ ὑποστόρνυνται τὰ δέρματα ταῦτα· πολεμοῦσι δὲ τούτοις οἱ σιμοὶ καλούμενοι Αἰθίοπες, κέρασιν ὀρύγων ὅπλοις χρώμενοι.
Above this nation is situated a small tribe the Struthophagi (or Bird-eaters), in whose country are birds of the size of deer, which are unable to fly, but run with the swiftness of the ostrich. Some hunt them with bows and arrows, others covered with the skins of birds. They hide the right hand in the neck of the skin, and move it as the birds move their necks. With the left hand they scatter grain from a bag suspended to the side; they thus entice the birds, till they drive them into pits, where the hunters despatch them with cudgels. The skins are used both as clothes and as coverings for beds. The Ethiopians called Simi are at war with these people, and use as weapons the horns of antelopes.
πλησιόχωροι δὲ τούτοις εἰσὶ μελανώτεροί τε τῶν ἄλλων καὶ βραχύτεροι καὶ βραχυβιώτατοι ἀκριδοφάγοι· τὰ γὰρ τετταράκοντα ἔτη σπανίως ὑπερτιθέασιν, ἀποθηριουμένης αὐτῶν τῆς σαρκός· ζῶσι δʼ ἀπὸ ἀκρίδων, ἃς οἱ ἐαρινοὶ λίβες καὶ ζέφυροι πνέοντες μεγάλοι συνελαύνουσιν εἰς τοὺς τόπους τούτους· ἐν ταῖς χαράδραις δὲ ἐμβαλόντες ὕλην καπνώδη καὶ ὑφάψαντες μικρὸν […] ὑπερπετάμεναι γὰρ τὸν καπνὸν σκοτοῦνται καὶ πίπτουσι· συγκόψαντες δʼ αὐτὰς μεθʼ ἁλμυρίδος μάζας ποιοῦνται καὶ χρῶνται. τούτων δʼ ἔρημος ὑπέρκειται μεγάλη, νομὰς δαψιλεῖς ἔχουσα, ἐκλειφθεῖσα δʼ ὑπὸ πλήθους σκορπίων καὶ φαλαγγίων τῶν τετραγνάθων καλουμένων, ἐπιπολάσαντός ποτε καὶ ἀπεργασαμένου τοῖς ἀνθρώποις φυγὴν παντελῆ.
Bordering on this people is a nation blacker in complexion than the others, shorter in stature, and very short-lived. They rarely live beyond forty years; for the flesh of their bodies is eaten up with worms. Their food consists of locusts, which the south-west and west winds, when they blow violently in the spring-time, drive in bodies into the country. The inhabitants catch them by throwing into the ravines materials which cause a great deal of smoke, and light them gently. The locusts, as they fly across the smoke, are blinded and fall down. They are pounded with salt, made into cakes, and eaten as food.
Above these people is situated a desert tract with extensive pastures. It was abandoned in consequence of the multitudes of scorpions and tarantulas, called tetragnathi (or fourjawed), which formerly abounded to so great a degree as to occasion a complete desertion of the place long since by its inhabitants.
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