̔υπέρκειται δὲ τετταράκοντα σταδίοις ἡ Δάφνη, κατοικία μετρία, μέγα δὲ καὶ συνηρεφὲς ἄλσος διαρρεόμενον πηγαίοις ὕδασιν, ἐν μέσῳ δὲ ἄσυλον τέμενος καὶ νεὼς Ἀπόλλωνος καὶ Ἀρτέμιδος. ἐνταῦθα δὲ πανηγυρίζειν ἔθος τοῖς Ἀντιοχεῦσι καὶ τοῖς ἀστυγείτοσι· κύκλος δὲ τοῦ ἄλσους ὀγδοήκοντα στάδιοι.
Daphne, a town of moderate size, is situated above Antioch at the distance of 40 stadia. Here is a large forest, with a thick covert of shade and springs of water flowing through it. In the midst of the forest is a sacred grove, which is a sanctuary, and a temple of Apollo and Diana. It is the custom for the inhabitants of Antioch and the neighbouring people to assemble here to celebrate public festivals. The forest is 80 stadia in circumference.
̔ρεῖ δὲ τῆς πόλεως πλησίον Ὀρόντης ποταμός· οὗτος δʼ ἐκ τῆς κοίλης Συρίας τὰς ἀρχὰς ἔχων εἶθʼ ὑπὸ γῆν ἐνεχθεὶς ἀναδίδωσι πάλιν τὸ ῥεῦμα, καὶ διὰ τῆς Ἀπαμέων εἰς τὴν Ἀντιόχειαν προελθὼν πλησιάσας τῇ πόλει πρὸς τὴν θάλατταν καταφέρεται τὴν κατὰ Σελεύκειαν· τὸ δʼ ὄνομα τοῦ γεφυρώσαντος αὐτὸν Ὀρόντου μετέλαβε, καλούμενος πρότερον Τυφών. μυθεύουσι δʼ ἐνταῦθά που τὰ περὶ τὴν κεραύνωσιν τοῦ Τυφῶνος καὶ τοὺς Ἀρίμους, περὶ ὧν εἴπομεν καὶ πρότερον· φασὶ δὲ τυπτόμενον τοῖς κεραυνοῖς (εἶναι δὲ δράκοντα) φεύγειν κατάδυσιν ζητοῦντα· τοῖς μὲν οὖν ὁλκοῖς ἐντεμεῖν τὴν γῆν καὶ ποιῆσαι τὸ ῥεῖθρον τοῦ ποταμοῦ, καταδύντα δʼ εἰς γῆν ἀναρρῆξαι τὴν πηγήν· ἐκ δὲ τούτου γενέσθαι τοὔνομα τῷ ποταμῷ. πρὸς δύσιν μὲν οὖν θάλαττα ὑπόκειται τῇ Ἀντιοχείᾳ κατὰ Σελεύκειαν, πρὸς ᾗ καὶ τὰς ἐκβολὰς ὁ Ὀρόντης ποιεῖται, διεχούσῃ τῶν μὲν ἐκβολῶν σταδίους τετταράκοντα, τῆς δʼ Ἀντιοχείας ἑκατὸν εἴκοσιν. ἀνάπλους δʼ ἐκ θαλάττης ἐστὶν εἰς τὴν Ἀντιόχειαν αὐθημερόν. πρὸς ἕω δʼ ὁ Εὐφράτης ἐστὶ καὶ ἡ Βαμβύκη καὶ ἡ Βέροια καὶ ἡ Ἡράκλεια τῇ Ἀντιοχείᾳ, πολίχνια τυραννούμενά ποτε ὑπὸ Διονυσίου τοῦ Ἡρακλέωνος. διέχει δʼ ἡ Ἡράκλεια σταδίους εἴκοσι τοῦ τῆς Ἀθηνᾶς ἱεροῦ τῆς Κυρρηστίδος.
The river Orontes flows near the city. Its source is in Coele-Syria. Having taken its course under-ground, it reäppears, traverses the territory of Apameia to Antioch, approaching the latter city, and then descends to the sea at Seleuceia. The name of the river was formerly Typhon, but was changed to Orontes, from the name of the person who constructed the bridge over it.
According to the fable, it was somewhere here that Typhon was struck with lightning, and here also was the scene of the fable of the Arimi, whom we have before mentioned. Typhon was a serpent, it is said, and being struck by lightning, endeavoured to make its escape, and sought refuge in the ground; it deeply furrowed the earth, and (as it moved along) formed the bed of the river; having descended under-ground, it caused a spring to break out, and from Typhon the river had its name.
On the west the sea, into which the Orontes discharges itself, is situated below Antioch in Seleuceia, which is distant from the mouth of the river 40, and from Antioch 120 stadia. The ascent by the river to Antioch is performed in one day.
To the east of Antioch are the Euphrates, Bambyce, Beroea, and Heracleia, small towns formerly under the government of Dionysius, the son of Heracleon. Heracleia is distant 20 stadia from the temple of Diana Cyrrhestis.
εἶτα ἡ Κυρρηστικὴ μέχρι τῆς Ἀντιοχίδος· ἀπὸ δὲ τῶν ἄρκτων ἐστὶ τό τε Ἀμανὸν πλησίον καὶ ἡ Κομμαγηνή· συνάπτει δὲ τούτοις ἡ Κυρρηστικὴ μέχρι δεῦρο παρατείνουσα. ἐνταῦθα δʼ ἐστὶ πόλις Γίνδαρος, ἀκρόπολις τῆς Κυρρηστικῆς καὶ λῃστήριον εὐφυές, καὶ Ἡράκλειόν τι καλούμενον πλησίον ἱερόν· περὶ οὓς τόπους ὑπὸ Ὀυεντιδίου Πάκορος διεφθάρη, ὁ πρεσβύτατος τῶν τοῦ Παρθυαίου παίδων, ἐπιστρατεύσας τῇ Συρίᾳ. τῇ δὲ Γινδάρῳ συνάπτουσιν αἱ Πάγραι τῆς Ἀντιοχίδος, χωρίον ἐρυμνὸν κατὰ τὴν ὑπέρθεσιν τοῦ Ἀμανοῦ τὴν ἐκ τῶν Ἀμανίδων πυλῶν εἰς τὴν Συρίαν κείμενον. ὑποπίπτει μὲν οὖν ταῖς Πάγραις τὸ τῶν Ἀντιοχέων πεδίον, διʼ οὗ ῥεῖ ὁ Ἄρκευθος ποταμὸς καὶ ὁ Ὀρόντης καὶ ὁ Λαβώτας. ἐν δὲ τούτῳ ἐστὶ τῷ πεδίῳ καὶ ὁ Μελεάγρου χάραξ καὶ ὁ Οἰνοπάρας ποταμός, ἐφʼ ᾧ τὸν Βάλαν Ἀλέξανδρον μάχῃ νικήσας ὁ φιλομήτωρ Πτολεμαῖος ἐτελεύτησεν ἐκ τραύματος. ὑπέρκειται δʼ αὐτῶν λόφος Τραπεζὼν ἀπὸ τῆς ὁμοιότητος καλούμενος, ἐφʼ ᾧ Ὀυεντίδιος πρὸς Φρανικάτην τὸν Παρθυαίων στρατηγὸν ἔσχε τὸν ἀγῶνα. πρὸς θαλάττῃ δὲ τούτων ἐστὶν ἡ Σελεύκεια καὶ ἡ Πιερία, ὄρος συνεχὲς τῷ Ἀμανῷ, καὶ ἡ Ῥωσὸς μεταξὺ Ἰσσοῦ καὶ Σελευκείας ἱδρυμένη. ἐκαλεῖτο δʼ ἡ Σελεύκεια πρότερον Ὕδατος ποταμοί· ἔρυμα δέ ἐστιν ἀξιόλογον καὶ κρεῖττον βίας ἡ πόλις. διόπερ καὶ ἐλευθέραν αὐτὴν ἔκρινε Πομπήιος ἀποκλείσας Τιγράνην. πρὸς νότον δʼ ἐστὶ τοῖς μὲν Ἀντιοχεῦσιν Ἀπάμεια ἐν μεσογαίᾳ κειμένη, τοῖς δὲ Σελευκεῦσι τὸ Κάσιον ὄρος καὶ τὸ Ἀντικάσιον· ἔτι δὲ πρότερον μετὰ τὴν Σελεύκειαν αἱ ἐκβολαὶ τοῦ Ὀρόντου· εἶτα τὸ νυμφαῖον, σπήλαιόν τι ἱερόν· εἶτα τὸ Κάσιον· ἐφεξῆς δὲ Ποσείδιον πολίχνη καὶ Ἡράκλεια.
Then follows the district of Cyrrhestica, which extends as far as that of Antioch. On the north near it are Mount Amanus and Commagene. Cyrrhestica extends as far as these places, and touches them. Here is situated a city, Gindarus, the acropolis of Cyrrhestica, and a convenient resort for robbers, and near it a place called Heracleium. It was near these places that Pacorus, the eldest of the sons of the Parthian king, who had invaded Syria, was defeated by Ventidius, and killed.
Pagrae, in the district of Antioch, is close to Gindarus. It is a strong fortress situated on the pass over the Amanus, which leads from the gates of the Amanus into Syria. Below Pagrae lies the plain of Antioch, through which flow the rivers Arceuthus, Orontes, and Labotas. In this plain is also the trench of Meleagrus, and the river Oenoparas, on the banks of which Ptolemy Philometor, after having defeated Alexander Balas, died of his wounds.
Above these places is a hill called Trapezon from its form, and upon it Ventidius engaged Phranicates the Parthian general.
After these places, near the sea, are Seleuceia and Pieria, a mountain continuous with the Amanus and Rhosus, situated between Issus and Seleuceia.
Seleuceia formerly had the name of Hydatopotami (rivers of water). It is a considerable fortress, and may defy all attacks; wherefore Pompey, having excluded from it Tigranes, declared it a free city.
To the south of Antioch is Apameia, situated in the interior, and to the south of Seleuceia, the mountains Casius and Anti-Casius.
Still further on from Seleuceia are the mouths of the Orontes, then the Nymphaeum, a kind of sacred cave, next Casium, then follows Poseidium a small city, and Heracleia.
εἶτα Λαοδίκεια, ἐπὶ τῇ θαλάττῃ κάλλιστα ἐκτισμένη καὶ εὐλίμενος πόλις χώραν τε ἔχουσα πολύοινον πρὸς τῇ ἄλλῃ εὐκαρπίᾳ. τοῖς μὲν οὖν Ἀλεξανδρεῦσιν αὕτη παρέχει τὸ πλεῖστον τοῦ οἴνου, τὸ ὑπερκείμενον τῆς πόλεως ὄρος πᾶν κατάμπελον ἔχουσα μέχρι σχεδόν τι τῶν κορυφῶν· αἱ δὲ κορυφαὶ τῆς μὲν Λαοδικείας πολὺ ἄπωθέν εἰσιν, ἠρέμα ἀπʼ αὐτῆς καὶ κατʼ ὀλίγον ἀνακλινόμεναι, τῆς Ἀπαμείας δʼ ὑπερκύπτουσιν ἐπʼ ὄρθιον ὕψος ἀνατεταμέναι. ἐλύπησε δʼ οὐ μετρίως Δολαβέλλας καταφυγὼν εἰς αὐτὴν καὶ ἐμπολιορκηθεὶς ὑπὸ Κασσίου μέχρι θανάτου, συνδιαφθείρας ἑαυτῷ καὶ τῆς πόλεως πολλὰ μέρη.
Then follows Laodiceia, situated on the sea; it is a very well-built city, with a good harbour; the territory, besides its fertility in other respects, abounds with wine, of which the greatest part is exported to Alexandreia. The whole mountain overhanging the city is planted almost to its summit with vines. The summit of the mountain is at a great distance from Laodiceia, sloping gently and by degrees upwards from the city; but it rises perpendicularly over Apameia.
Laodiceia suffered severely when Dolabella took refuge there. Being besieged by Cassius, he defended it until his death, but he involved in his own ruin the destruction of many parts of the city.
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