Nonnus of Panopolis · Dionysiaca Διονυσιακά

Nonnus of Panopolis, Dionysiaca 2.109–240: Book 2: The nymph's lament; Victory rouses Zeus

A nymph runs through every means of escape for her maidenhood, as bird, tree, spring or stone, and finds none safe. Night falls and the stars keep watch over Olympos while Zeus sits alone. Victory comes in the shape of Leto to reproach him, listing the gods who have fled and urging him to fight.

Lines 2.109–240 · 1296 words · click a number to copy its link
109ὣς φαμένη πετάλοισι νόθην ποιήσατο μίτρην, 110καὶ χλοερῷ ζωστῆρι κατέσκεπεν ἄντυγα μαζοῦ αἰδομένη, καὶ μηρὸν ἐπεσφηκώσατο μηρῷ· ἡ δέ μιν εἰσορόωσα κατηφέα ῥήξατο φωνήν·

With these words, she contrived a makeshift kirtle with the leaves, and modestly covered the circle of her breast with this green girdle, pressing thigh upon thigh. The other seeing her so downcast, answered thus:

113Παρθενίης ἔμφυλον ἔχω φόβον, ὅττι καὶ αὐτὴ ἐκ Δάφνης γεγαυῖα διώκομαι, οἷά τε Δάφνη. 115πῇ δὲ φύγω; σκοπέλους ὑποδύσομαι; ἀλλὰ κολώνας ῥιπτομένας ἐς Ὄλυμπον ἐτεφρώσαντο κεραυνοί, καὶ τρομέω σέο Πᾶνα δυσίμερον, ὅς με χαλέψει, ὡς Πίτυν, ὡς Σύριγγα· διωκομένη δὲ καὶ αὐτὴ ἄλλη δευτερόφωνος ὀρίδρομος ἔσσομαι Ἠχώ. 120οὐκέτι ταῦτα κόρυμβα μετέρχομαι, ἡμιφανῆ δὲ οὔρεα ναιετάω μετὰ δένδρεον, ἧχι καὶ αὐτὴ Ἄρτεμις ἀγρώσσει φιλοπάρθενος· ἀλλὰ Κρονίων Καλλιστοῦς λάχε λέκτρον ἐς Ἄρτεμιν εἶδος ἀμείψας. ἵξομαι εἰς ἁλὸς οἶδμα· τί μοι γάμος; ἀλλʼ ἐνὶ πόντῳ 125Ἀστερίην ἐδίωκε γυναιμανέων Ἐνοσίχθων. αἴθε λάχον πτερὰ κοῦφα· διʼ ὑψιπόρου δὲ κελεύθου ἠερίοις ἀνέμοισι συνέμπορον οἶμον ὁδεύσω· ἀλλὰ τάχα πτερύγων κενεὸς δρόμος, ὅττι Τυφωεὺς ἠλιβάτοις παλάμῃσιν ἐπιψαύει νεφελάων. 130εἰ δὲ γάμοις ἀδίκοις με βιήσεται, εἶδος ἀμείψω, μίξομαι ὀρνίθεσσι, καὶ ἱπταμένη φιλομήλη καὶ ῥόδον ἀγγέλλουσα καὶ ἀνθεμόεσσαν ἐέρσην ἔσσομαι εἰαρινοῖο φίλη Ζεφύροιο χελιδών, φθεγγομένη λάλος ὄρνις ὑπωροφίης μέλος ἠχοῦς, 135ὀρχηθμῷ πτερόεντι περισκαίρουσα καλιήν. Πρόκνη, πικρὰ παθοῦσα, σὺ μὲν σέο πενθάδι μολπῇ υἱέα δακρύσειας, ἐγὼ δʼ ἐμὰ λέκτρα γοήσω. Ζεῦ ἄνα, μὴ τελέσῃς με χελιδόνα, μή με διώξῃ καὶ Τηρεὺς πτερόεις κεχολωμένος, οἷα Τυφωεύς. 140ἀήρ, οὔρεα, πόντος ἀνέμβατος· ἔνδοθι γαίης κρύπτομαι· ἀλλὰ Γίγαντος ἐχιδναίων ἀπὸ ταρσῶν ἰοβόλοι δύνουσιν ὑπὸ χθόνα φωλάδες ὕδραι. εἴην ὑγρὸν ὕδωρ ἐπιδήμιον, οἷα Κομαιθὼ πατρῴῳ κεράσασα νεόρρυτα χεύματα Κύδνῳ· 145οὐκ ἐθέλω παρὰ μῦθον, ὅτι προχοῇσι συνάψω παρθενικῆς δυσέρωτος ἐμὸν φιλοπάρθενον ὕδωρ. πῇ δὲ φύγω; Τυφῶνι μιγήσομαι; ἀλλὰ λοχεύσω ἀλλοφυῆ πολύμορφον ὁμοίιον υἷα τοκῆι. εἴην δένδρεον ἄλλο, καὶ ἐκ δρυὸς εἰς δρύας ἔλθω 150οὔνομα παιδὸς ἔχουσα σαόφρονος· ἀντὶ δὲ Δάφνης μὴ Μύρρης ἀθέμιστον ἐπώνυμον ἔρνος ἀκούσω. ναί, λίτομαι, παρὰ χεῦμα γοήμονος Ἠριδανοῖο εἴην Ἡλιάδων καὶ ἐγὼ μία· πυκνὰ δὲ πέμψω ἐκ βλεφάρων ἤλεκτρα, φιλοθρήνοις δὲ κορύμβοις 155γείτονος αἰγείροιο περίπλοκα φύλλα πετάσσω δάκρυσιν ἀφνειοῖσιν ἐμὴν στενάχουσα κορείην· οὐ γὰρ ἐγὼ Φαέθοντα κινύρομαι. ἵλαθι, δάφνη, αἰδέομαι φυτὸν ἄλλο μετὰ προτέρης φυτὸν ὕλης. ἔσσομαι,ὡς Νιόβη, καὶ ἐγὼ λίθος, ὄφρα καὶ αὐτὴν 160λαϊνέην στενάχουσαν ἐποικτείρωσιν ὁδῖται· ἀλλὰ κακογλώσσοιο τί μοι τύπος; ἵλαθι, Λητώ· ἐρρέτω αἰνοτόκοιο θεημάχον οὔνομα Νύμφης. ἡ μὲν ἔφη· Φαέθων δὲ πόλον δινωτὸν ἐάσας εἰς δύσιν ἔτραπε δίφρον· ἀναθρῴσκουσα δὲ γαίης 165ὑψιτενὴς ἅτε κῶνος ἐς ἠέρα σιγαλέη Νὺξ οὐρανὸν ἀστερόεντι διεχλαίνωσε χιτῶνι, αἰθέρα δαιδάλλουσα· καὶ ἀννεφέλῳ παρὰ Νείλῳ ἀθάνατοι πλάζοντο, παρʼ ὀφρυόεντι δὲ Ταύρῳ Ζεὺς Κρονίδης ἀνέμιμνεν ἐγερσιμόθου φάος Ἠοῦς.

I feel the fear inborn in a maiden, because I was born of a laurel, and I am pursued like Daphne, But where I shall flee? Shall I hide under a rock ? No, thunderbolts have burnt to ashes the mountains hurled at Olympos ; and I tremble at your lustful Pan, who will persecute me like Pitys, like Syrinx— I shall be chased myself until become another Echo to scour the hills and second another’s speech. will haunt these clusters no longer: I will leave my tree and live in the mountains which are still half to be seen’ where Artemis also hunts, and she loves a maiden. —Yet Cronion won the bed of Callisto by taking the form of Artemis ! I will plunge into the briny deep—what Is marriage to me ’—Yet in the sea, Earthshaker chased Asterie in the madness of his passion. O that I had wings to fly! I will traverse the heights, and take the road which the winds of the air do travel But perhaps racing wings are also useless Typhoeus reaches the with high-clambering hands But if he will force me by violence, I will change my shape, I will mingle with the birds; flitting as Philomela, I will be the swallow dear to Zephyros in spring-time, harbinger of roses and flowery dew, prattling bird that sings a sweet song under the tiles, dashing about her nest with dancing wings. And, you, Procne, after your bitter sufferings, you may weep for your son with mourning notes, and I will groan for my bridal.— Lord Zeus I make me no swallow, or angry Tereus on the wing may chase me, like Typhoeus Air, mountain, sea, I may tread none of them : I will hide me deep I in the earth. No the water-snakes of the monsters viperish feet crawl into the caverns underground, spitting potion I May be a fountain of water in the country, like Comaitho, mingling her newly flowing water with her father Cydnos— no, not to suit the story, because I shall then have to join my virgin water with the out-gushings of a lovesick maid. I But where I shall flee Shall mingle with Typhon Then shall bear a son like the father—an alien, multiform ! Let me be another tree, and pass from tree to tree keeping the name of a virtuous maid ; may I never, instead of laurel, be called that unhallowed plant which gave its name to Myrrha Yes, I beseech thee let me be one of the Heliades beside the stream of mourning Eridanos : often will drop amber from my eyelids ; I will spread my leaves to entwine with the dirgedoving clusters of my neighbouring poplar, bewailing my maidenhood with abundant tears—for Phaethon will not be my lament, Forgive me, my laurel ; I shrink from being another tree after the tree of my former wood. I also will A be a stone, like Niobe, that way farces may pity me : too, a groaning stone.— But why be the shape of one with that ill-omened tongue? Be gracious, Leto! Perish the god-defiant name of a nymph unhappy to be a mother of While she spoke, Phaethon had left the rounded sky, and turned his car towards setting : silent Night leapt up from earth into the air like a high-stretching cone, and wrapped heaven about in a starry robe spangling the welkin, The immortals moved about the cloudless Nile, but Zeus Cronides on the brows of Tauros awaited the light of toil-awakening Dawn,

170νὺξ μὲν ἔην· φρουραὶ δὲ περὶ στίχες ἦσαν Ὀλύμπου ἑπτὰ περὶ ζώνῃσι, καὶ οἷά περ ὑψόθι πύργων ἔννυχον ἦν ἀλάλαγμα, βοὴ δʼ ἑτερόθροος ἄστρων ἀμφιλαφὴς πεφόρητο, καὶ ἀξονίης κτύπον ἠχοῦς ἐκ Κρονίης βαλβῖδος ἐδέχνυτο νύσσα Σελήνης· 175καὶ νεφέων στεφανηδὸν ἐπασσυτέρῃσι καλύπτραις οὐρανὸν ἐφράξαντο φυλάκτορες αἰθέρος Ὧραι ἀμφίπολοι Φαέθοντος· ἀσυλήτων δὲ πυλάων ἀστέρες Ἀτλάντειον ἐπεκλήισσαν ὀχῆα, μὴ λόχος εἰσέλθῃσι πόλον μακάρων ἀπεόντων· 180ἀντὶ δὲ συρίγγων ἐνοπῆς καὶ ἐθήμονος αὐλοῦ ἐννυχίαις πτερύγεσσι μέλος σύριζον ἀῆται. αἰθερίῳ δὲ Δράκοντι συνέμπορος Ἀρκάδος Ἄρκτου ἐννυχίην Τυφῶνος ἐπήλυσιν ὑψόθι λεύσσων ὄμμασιν ἀγρύπνοισι γέρων ἐφύλασσε Βοώτης, 185ἀντολίην ἐδόκευεν Ἑωσφόρος, Ἕσπερος ἀστὴρ ἑσπερίην, Νοτίας δὲ λιπὼν ἰθύντορι τόξων ὀμβρηρὰς Βορέαο πύλας περιδέδρομε Κηφεύς. καὶ πυρὰ πάντοθεν ἦεν, ἐπεὶ φλόγες αἴθοπες ἄστρων

It was night. Sentinels stood in line around Olympos and the seven zones, and as it were from the summit of towers came their nightly alarms ; the calls of the stars in many tongues were carried ; all abroad, and the moon’s turning-mark received the creaking echo from Saturn’s starting-point. Now the Seasons, guardians of the upper air, handmaids of Phaethon, had fortified the sky with a long string ; of covering clouds like a coronal The stars had: closed the Atlantean bar of the inviolable gates, lest some stealthy troop should enter the heavens while the Blessed ones were away : instead of the noise of pipes and the familiar flute,’ the breezes whistled a tune with their wings through the night Old Oxherd was on guard with unsleeping eyes, in company with the heavenly Serpent of the Arcadian Bear, looking out from on high for some nightly assault of Typhon: the Morning Star watched the east, the Evening Star the west, and Cepheus, leaving the southern gates to the Archer, himself patrolled the rainy gates of the north,

189καὶ νύχιοι λαμπτῆρες ἀκοιμήτοιο Σελήνης 190ὡς δαΐδες σελάγιζον, ἀελλήεντι δὲ ῥόμβῳ πυκνὰ διαθρῴσκοντες ἀπʼ αἰθέρος ἄκρον Ὀλύμπου ἀστέρες ἀικτῆρες ἐπέγραφον ἠέρα πυρσῷ δεξιτεροὶ Κρονίωνι, κυβιστητῆρι δὲ παλμῷ πυκνὰ διαΐσσουσα χαρασσομένων νεφελάων 195ἀστεροπὴ σκίρτησεν, ἀμοιβαίῃσι δὲ ῥιπαῖς κρύπτετο καὶ σελάγιζε παλίνδρομος ἄστατος αἴγλη, καὶ πλοκάμους πλεκτοῖο πυρὸς βοτρυδὸν ἑλίξας φέγγεϊ λαχνήεντι σέλας τρήχυνε κομήτης, καὶ δοκίδες μάρμαιρον ἐπήλυδες, οἷα δὲ μακροὶ 200ἠερόθεν τανύοντο δοκοὶ δολιχήρεϊ πυρσῷ Ζηνὶ συναιχμάζοντες, ὑπʼ ἀκτίνεσσι δὲ λάμπων ἀντιπόρου Φαέθοντος ἐκάμπτετο σύνδρομος ὄμβρῳ Ἴριδος ἀγκύλα κύκλα πολύχροος ὁλκὸς ὑφαίνων, χλωρὰ μελαινομένῳ, ῥοδοειδέι λευκὰ κεράσσας.

Watchfires were all around : for the blazing flames of the stars, and the nightly lamp of unresting Selene, sparkled like torches. Often the shoot stars, leaping through the heights of Olympos with windswept whirl from the ether, scored the air with flame on Cronion’s right hand ; often the lightning danced, twisting about like a tumbler, and tearing the clouds as it shot through, the uncertain brilliance which runs to and fro, now hidden, now shining, in alternating swing ; and the comet twined in clusters the long strands of his woven fame, and made a ragged light with his hairy fire. Stray meteors were also shining, like long rafters stretching across the sky, shooting their long fires as allies of Zeus ; and the rain’s comrade, the bow of Iris, wove his many colours into a rounded track, and shone bent under the light-shafts of Phaethon opposite, mingling pale in with dark, and light with rosy,

205καὶ Διὶ μουνωθέντι παρήγορος ἵκετο Νίκη ἠέρος ἄκρα κέλευθα διαγράψασα πεδίλῳ, Λητοῦς εἶδος ἔχουσα, καὶ ὁπλίζουσα τοκῆα ἀντιτύποις στομάτεσσι πολύτροπον ἴαχε φωνήν·

We Zeus was alone, when Victory came to comfort him, scoring the high paths of the air with her shoe, She had the form of Leto; and while she armed her father, she made him a speech full of reproaches, with guileful lips :

209Ζεῦ ἄνα, σῶν τεκέων πρόμος ἵστασο, μηδὲ νοήσω 210μιγνυμένην Τυφῶνι γάμων ἀδίδακτον Ἀθήνην· μητέρα μὴ τελέσειας ἀμήτορα, μαρνάμενος δὲ ἀστεροπὴν κούφιζε σελασφόρον ἔγχος Ὀλύμπου, καὶ νεφέλας συνάγειρε τὸ δεύτερον, ὑέτιε Ζεῦ· ἤδη γὰρ σταθεροῖο τινάσσεται ἕδρανα κόσμου 215χερσὶ Τυφαονίῃσιν, ὁμοζυγέων δὲ λυθέντων στοιχείων πισύρων ἠρνήσατο λήια Δηώ· Ἥβη λεῖπε κύπελλον, Ἄρης δʼ ἀπεσείσατο λόγχην, Ἑρμῆς ῥάβδον ἔθηκε, λύρην δʼ ἔρριψεν Ἀπόλλων, καὶ πτερόεις πεπότητο λιπὼν πτερόεντας ὀιστούς, 220εἶδος ἔχων κύκνοιο, τελεσσιγάμου δὲ θεαίνης ἄσπορος ἔπλετο κόσμος ἀλωομένης Ἀφροδίτης, ἁρμονίης δʼ ἀλύτου λύτο πείσματα· νυμφοκόμος γὰρ πανδαμάτωρ ἀδάμαστος Ἔρως θρασὺς εἰς φόβον ἔπτη τόξα λιπὼν γονόεντα· καὶ ἠθάδα Λῆμνον ἐάσας 225σὸς πυρόεις Ἥφαιστος ἀπειθέα γούνατα σύρων ἆ βραδὺς ἀστήρικτον ἔχει δρόμον. ἆ μέγα θαῦμα, καὶ μάλα μοι κοτέουσαν ἐποικτείρω σέθεν Ἥρην. ἦ ῥα τεὸς γενέτης πάλιν ἵξεται εἰς χορὸν ἄστρων; μή ποτε τοῦτο γένοιτο· καὶ εἰ Τιτηνὶς ἀκούω, 230οὐκ ἐθέλω Τιτῆνας ἰδεῖν κρατέοντας Ὀλύμπου, ἀλλὰ σὲ καὶ σέο τέκνα. σὺ δὲ κρατέοντι κεραυνῷ Ἀρτέμιδος προμάχιζε σαόφρονος· ἦ ῥα φυλάσσω παρθενικὴν ἀνάεδνον ἀναγκαίῳ παρακοίτῃ; ἦ ῥα τόκου ταμίη τόκον ὄψεται; ἦ ῥα τανύσσει 235χεῖρας ἐμοί; ποίην δὲ καλέσσομαι ἰοχεαίρῃ ἵλαον Εἰλείθυιαν, ὅτʼ Εἰλείθια λοχεύσῃ; ὣς φαμένης σκιοειδὲς ἑὸν πτερὸν Ὕπνος ἑλίξας εὔνασεν ἀμπνείουσαν ὅλην φύσιν· ἀλλὰ Κρονίων ἦν τότε μοῦνος ἄυπνος· ἐφαπλώσας δὲ Τυφωεὺς 240νωθρὰ βαρυνομέναις ἐπερείσατο νῶτα χαμεύναις

He Lord Zeus stand up as champion of your own children! Let me never see Athena mingled with Typhon, she who knows not the way of a man with maid! Make not a mother of the unmothered Fight, brandish your lightning, the fiery spear of Olympos Gather once more your clouds, lord of the rain! For the foundations of the steadfast universe are already shaking under Typhon’s hands : the four blended elements are melted! Deo has renounced her harvests, Hebe has left her cup, Ares has thrown down his spear, Hermes has dropped his staff, Apollo has cast away his harp, and taken a swan’s form, and flown off on the wing, leaving his winged arrows behind Aphrodite, the goddess who brings wedlock to pass, has gone a-wandering, and the universe is without seed. The bonds indissoluble of harmony are dissolved : for bold Eros has flown in panic, leaving behind his generative arrows, he the adorner of brides, he the all- mastering, the unmastered And your fiery Hephaistos has left his favourite Lemnos, and dragging unruly knees, look how slow he keeps his unsteady course” See a great miracle—I pity your Hera, though she hates me sure enough ! What—is your begetter to come back into the assembly of the stars May that never be, Ye pray! Even if I am called a Titaness, I wish to see no Titans lords of Olympos, but you and your children. Take your lordly thunderbolt and champion chaste Artemis. What—do I keep my maiden a or a bridegroom who offers no gifts but only violence What—is the dispenser of childbirth to see childbirth of her own? Will she stretch out her hands to me, and then what gracious Eileithyia shall I call for the Archeress, of Eileithyia herself is in childbed ?

People and places in this passage

English translation by W. H. D. Rouse (1940). Original text: W. H. D. Rouse (ed.), Nonnos, Dionysiaca, Loeb Classical Library 344, 354, 356, London: Heinemann; Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1940-1942 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library, Greek text); translation public domain (Rouse, Loeb 1940-42: US copyright not renewed; Rouse died 1950; OCR from the Internet Archive scans). Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.