Nonnus of Panopolis · Dionysiaca Διονυσιακά

Nonnus of Panopolis, Dionysiaca 12.93–186: Book 12: The vine foretold; Atropos comforts Dionysos

On the third tablet Autumn reads that the vine is to belong to Dionysos, and she goes off joyfully. Dionysos mourns so deeply that rivers and trees mourn with him. Atropos tells him that Ampelos will live as a delicious drink, and the boy is changed into a vine.

Lines 12.93–186 · 772 words · click a number to copy its link
93ἧχι Λέων ἐτέτυκτο σελασφόρος, ἧχι καὶ αὐτὴ παρθένος ἀστερόεσσα νόθῃ ποικίλλετο μορφῇ 95οἴνοπα βότρυν ἔχουσα, θερειγενὲς ἄνθος ὀπώρης· κεῖθι Χρόνου θυγάτηρ πόδας εὔνασε, ταῦτα δʼ ἀνέγνω· Κισσὸς ἀερσιπότης, ἐρόεις νέος, εἰς φυτὸν ἕρπων ἔσται κισσὸς ἕλιξ καὶ ἐν ἔρνεσιν· ἠιθέου δὲ ὄρθιος ἐκ Καλάμοιο δόναξ κυρτούμενος αὔραις 100λεπτὸν ἀεξιφύτοιο φανήσεται ἔρνος ἀρούρης, ἡμερίδων στήριγμα· καὶ εἰς φυτὸν εἶδος ἀμείψας Ἄμπελος ἀμπελόεντι χαρίζεται οὔνομα καρπῷ. ἀλλʼ ὅτε θέσφατα ταῦτα θαλυσιὰς ἔδρακε κούρη, δίζετο χῶρον ἐκεῖνον, ὅπῃ παρὰ γείτονι τοίχῳ 105ποιητῷ κεχάρακτο τύπῳ Γανυμήδεος εἰκὼν ἰκμάδα νεκταρέην χρυσέῳ στάζουσα κυπέλλῳ, ἧχι χαρασσομένων ἐπέων τετράζυγος ὀμφή· κεῖθι θεὰ φιλόβοτρυς ἐκώμασεν, εὗρε δὲ νύμφη θέσφατα κισσοφόρῳ πεφυλαγμένα ταῦτα Λυαίῳ·

The Season restless over all these on one tablet, until she came to the place where fiery Hyperion indicated the signs of prophecy to the windswept maiden. There was drawn the shining Lion, there the starry Virgin was depicted in mimic shape, holding a bunch of grapes, the summer-grown flower of fruitage: there the daughter of Time stayed her feet, and this is what she read : […] verse. There the grape-loving goddess revelled, for she […] this prophecy, kept for Lysios Ivybearer,

110Φοίβῳ Ζεὺς ἐπένευσεν ἔχειν μαντώδεα δάφνην,

Zeus gave to Phoibos the laurel,

111καὶ ῥόδα φοινίσσοντα ῥοδόχροϊ Κυπρογενείῃ,

Red roses to the rosy […],

112γλαυκὸν Ἀθηναίῃ γλαυκώπιδι θαλλὸν ἐλαίης,

The gray-leaf olive to Greyeyes,

113καὶ στάχυας Δήμητρι, καὶ ἡμερίδας Διονύσῳ.

Corn to Demeter, vine to Dionysos,

114τοῖα μὲν ἐν γραφίδεσσι φιλεύιος ἔδρακε κούρη· 115τερπομένη δʼ ἤιξε, κασιγνήτας δὲ λαβοῦσα

That’s what the Eoian maiden saw on the tablets. She departed joyful, and with her Sisters was away to the stream of the eastern Ocean, moving along with Phaethon’s team.

116εἰς ῥόον ἠῴοιο διέστιχεν Ὠκεανοῖο ἱπποσύνῃ Φαέθοντος ὁμόδρομος.—οὐ δὲ Λυαίῳ φάρμακον ἦν ἑτάροιο δεδουπότος, οὐδὲ χορείης μνῆστις ἔην· φιλίῳ δὲ νόον δεδονημένος οἴστρῳ 120αἴλινα πικρὰ λίγαινεν, ἀκηδέστῳ δὲ σιωπῇ χάλκεα νῶτα λέλοιπεν ἀδουπήτοιο βοείης· οὐδέ ἑ πηκτὶς ἔτερπεν. ἀμειδήτῳ δὲ προσώπῳ οἰκτρὰ κινυρομένοιο φιλοστόργου Διονύσου, ἔσχετο μὲν Λυδοῖο ῥόος δονακώδεος Ἕρμου 125κραιπνὰ κυλινδομένου προχοῆς ἀνεμώδεϊ παλμῷ, οὐδὲ ῥέειν μενέαινε· βαθυκτεάνῳ δὲ ῥεέθρῳ Πακτωλὸς κροκόεις ἀνεσείρασε πένθιμον ὕδωρ ἀνδρὸς ἔχων μίμημα κατηφέος· ἀμφὶ δὲ νεκρῷ πηγαίων ἀνέκοψε παλίσσυτον ὁλκὸν ἐναύλων 130Σαγγάριος προχέων Φρύγιον ῥόον· αἰνοτόκου δὲ Τανταλίδος στοναχῇσι διάβροχος ἄπνοος εἰκὼν διπλόα δάκρυα χεῦεν, ὀδυρομένου Διονύσου· καὶ πίτυς αἰάζουσα συνέμπορος ἥλικι πεύκῃ λεπταλέον ψιθύριζεν· ἀκερσικόμου δὲ καὶ αὐτὴ 135Φοίβου δένδρον ἐοῦσα κόμην ἀπεσείσατο δάφνη πενθαλέοις ἀνέμοις· λιπαρὴ δʼ ἄτμητος ἐλαίη φύλλα χαμαὶ κατέχευε, καὶ εἰ φυτὸν ἦεν Ἀθήνης.

But Dionysos had healing physic for his comrade fallen, of dancing he thought no more. Shaken to the heart by his loving passion, he sounded bitter laments; he left to uncaring silence the […] back of the timbrel unbeaten, and had no joy in the cithern. Before the unsmiling countenance of Dionysos, full of love and piteous pining, the reedy Lydian Hermon held up his course, and his fast-rolling waves which poured on with weather-beaten throb—he cared no more to flow ; Pactolos yellow as saffron with the wealth deep under his flood, stayed his water in mourning, like the image of a sorrowful man: Sangarios the Phrygian stream, in honour of the dead, checked back the course of his banked fountains; the unbreathing image of Tantalo’s daughter, the unhappy mother drowned in sighs wept double tears for mourning Dionysos. The fir whispered softly, moaning to its young friend the pine : even the tree of unshorn Phoibos himself, the laurel, shook her foliage to the sorrowful winds; the glossy olive never felled shed her leaves on the ground, for all that she was Athena’s tree.

138τοῖα πόθῳ στενάχοντος ἀδακρύτου Διονύσου φρικτὰ μετετρέψαντο παλίλλυτα νήματα Μοίρης· 140καὶ γόον ἀχνυμένοιο παραιφαμένη Διονύσου Ἄτροπος ἐμπεδόμυθος ἀνήρυγεν ἔνθεον ὀμφήν·

Since then Dionysos, who never wept, lamented thus in his love, the awful threads of Fate were unloosened and turned back ; and Atropos Never-turn-back, whose word stands fast, uttered a voice divine to console Dionysos in sorrow :

142Ζώει τοι, Διόνυσε, τεὸς νέος, οὐδὲ περήσει πικρὸν ὕδωρ Ἀχέροντος· ἀκαμπέα δʼ εὗρεν ὀλέσσαι σὸς γόος ἀτρέπτου παλινάγρετα νήματα Μοίρης· 145ἄμπελος οὐ τέθνηκε, καὶ εἰ θάνεν· ἱμερόεν γὰρ εἰς ποτόν, εἰς γλυκὺ νέκταρ ἐγὼ σέο κοῦρον ἀμείψω· τὸν μὲν ἐυτροχάλου παλάμης βητάρμονι παλμῷ δόρπιον ἁρμονίην διδυμόθροος αὐλὸς ἀράσσων ὑμνήσει, Φρύγα ῥυθμὸν ἔχων ἢ Δωρίδα μολπήν· 150ἠέ μιν ἐν θυμέλῃσιν ἀνὴρ εὔρυθμος ἀείσει Ἀονίου καλάμοιο χέων Ἰσμήνιον ἠχὼ ἢ ναέταις Μαραθῶνος· ἀνευάξουσι δὲ Μοῦσαι ἄμπελον ἱμερόεντα σὺν ἀμπελόεντι Λυαίῳ. καὶ σκολιὴν πλοκάμοιο λιπὼν ὀφιώδεα μίτρην 155στέμματα βοτρυόεντα περιπλέξεις σέο χαίτῃ, Φοίβῳ ζῆλον ἄγων, ὅτι πένθιμα χειρὶ τιταίνει αἴλινα δενδρήεντα φιλοκλαύτων ὑακίνθων, καὶ σὺ ποτὸν μεθέπεις, βροτέης ἄμπαυμα γενέθλης, νέκταρος οὐρανίου χθόνιον τύπον, ἀνθεμόεν δὲ 160παιδὸς Ἀμυκλαίοιο τεὸς νέος εὖχος ἐλέγξει· εἰ δὲ πόλις κείνοιο μαχήμονα χαλκὸν ἀείρει, καὶ σέθεν ἠιθέοιο φεραυγέα πατρὶς ἀέξει ὑγρὸν ἐρευθομένης ποταμηίδος ὄμβρον ἐέρσης, χρυσῷ ὅλη κομόωσα, καὶ οὐ χαίρουσα σιδήρῳ· 165εἰ ποταμοῦ κελάδοντος ἀγάλλεται ἀμφὶ ῥεέθρῳ, φέρτερον Εὐρώταο πέλει Πακτώλιον ὕδωρ. Ἄμπελε, πένθος ὄπασσας ἀπενθήτῳ Διονύσῳ, ὄφρα μελιρραθάμιγγος ἀεξομένου σέθεν οἴνου τερπωλὴν ὀπάσειας ὅλῳ τετράζυγι κόσμῳ 170καὶ σπονδὴν μακάρεσσι καὶ εὐφροσύνην Διονύσῳ· Βάκχος ἄναξ δάκρυσε, βροτῶν ἵνα δάκρυα λύσῃ.

He lives, I declare, Dionysos ; your boy lives, […] shall not pass the bitter water of Acheron. Your lamentation has found out how to undo the inflexible threads of unturning Fate, it has turned back the irrevocable. Ampelos is not dead, even if he died ; for I will change your boy to a lovely drink, a delicious nectar. He shall be worshipt with dancing beat of tripping fingers, when the double-sounding […] shall strike up harmony over the feast, be it in rhythm or Dorian tune; or on the boards a musical man shall sing him, pouring out the voice of Aonian reeds for Lemnians or the burghers of Marathon. The Muses shall cry triumph for Ampelos the lovely with Lyaios of the Vine. You shall throw off the twisting coronal of snakes from your head, and entwine your hair with tendrils of the vine ; you shall make Phoibos jealous, that he holds out his melancholy iris with its leafy dirge. You too disperse a drink, the earthly image of heavenly nectar, the comfort of the human race, and your friend shall […] the flower glory of the […] boy : if […] […] the bronze of battle, your boy’s country too increases the shining torrent of red juice like a river—she is all proud of her gold, and she likes not steel. If one boasts of a roaring river, Pactolos has better water than Eurotas. Ampelos, you have brought mourning to Dionysos who never mourns—yes, that when your honeydropping wine shall grow, you may bring its delight to all the four quarters of the world, a libation for the Blessed, and for Dionysos heart of merry cheer. Lord Bacchos has wept tears, that he may wipe away man’s tears!

172ὣς φαμένη γνωτῇσι συνέμπορος ἔστιχε δαίμων.

Having spoken, the divinity departed with her […],

173καὶ κινυρῷ μέγα θάμβος ἐφαίνετο μάρτυρι Βάκχῳ· καὶ γὰρ ἀναΐξας ἐρόεις νέκυς ὡς ὄφις ἕρπων 175ἄμπελος αὐτοτέλεστος ἑὴν ἠλλάξατο μορφήν, καὶ πέλε νήδυμον ἄνθος· ἀμειβομένοιο δὲ νεκροῦ γαστὴρ θάμνος ἔην περιμήκετος, ἄκρα δὲ χειρῶν ἀκρεμόνες βλάστησαν, ἐνερρίζωντο δὲ ταρσοί, βόστρυχα βότρυες ἦσαν, ἐμορφώθη δὲ καὶ αὐτὴ 180νεβρὶς ἀεξομένης πολυδαίδαλον ἄνθος ὀπώρης, ἀμπελόεις δὲ κόρυμβος ἔην δολιχόσκιος αὐχήν, ἰσοφυὴς δʼ ἀγκῶνι τιταίνετο καμπύλος ὄρπηξ οἰδαίνων σταφυλῇσιν, ἀμειβομένου δὲ καρήνου γναμπτῆς κυρτὰ κόρυμβα τύπον μιμεῖτο κεραίης. 185κεῖθι φυτῶν στίχες ἦσαν ἀπείρονες· αὐτοτελὴς δὲ ὄρχατος ἀμπελόεις χλοεροὺς ὄρπηκας ἑλίσσων

Then a great miracle was shown to sorrowful Bacchos witnessing. For Ampelos the lovely dead rose of himself and took the form of a creeping snake, and became the heal-trouble flower. As body changed, his belly was a long long stalk, his fingers grew into top-tendrils, his feet took root, his curl-clusters were grape-clusters, his very fawnskin changed into the many-coloured bloom of the growing fruit, his long neck became a bunch of grapes, his elbow gave place to a bending twig swollen with berries, his head changed until the horns took the shape of twisted clumps of drupes. There grew rows of plants without end ; there selfmade was an orchard of vines, twining green twigs round the neighbouring trees with garlands of the unknown wine-blushing fruit.

People and places in this passage

English translation by W. H. D. Rouse (1940). Original text: W. H. D. Rouse (ed.), Nonnos, Dionysiaca, Loeb Classical Library 344, 354, 356, London: Heinemann; Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1940-1942 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library, Greek text); translation public domain (Rouse, Loeb 1940-42: US copyright not renewed; Rouse died 1950; OCR from the Internet Archive scans). Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.

Dionysiaca Book 12, lines 93–186: The vine foretold