Euripides · Medea Μήδεια

Euripides, Medea 446–544: Second episode: Medea reproaches Jason

Jason says that Medea's own rash words brought her exile, and that he is willing to help her. Medea answers with a list of what she did for him, among them saving his life from the fire-breathing bulls and the dragon, helping him win the Fleece, and persuading the daughters of Pelias to kill their father, and she asks where she can now go. The Chorus calls such quarrels terrible, and Jason begins his reply.

Lines 446–544 · 953 words · click a number to copy its link
Ἰάσων 446οὐ νῦν κατεῖδον πρῶτον ἀλλὰ πολλάκις τραχεῖαν ὀργὴν ὡς ἀμήχανον κακόν. σοὶ γὰρ παρὸν γῆν τήνδε καὶ δόμους ἔχειν κούφως φερούσῃ κρεισσόνων βουλεύματα, 450λόγων ματαίων οὕνεκ’ ἐκπεσῇ χθονός. κἀμοὶ μὲν οὐδὲν πρᾶγμα· μὴ παύσῃ ποτὲ λέγουσ’ Ἰάσον’ ὡς κάκιστός ἐστ’ ἀνήρ· ἃ δ’ ἐς τυράννους ἐστί σοι λελεγμένα, πᾶν κέρδος ἡγοῦ ζημιουμένη φυγῇ. 455κἀγὼ μὲν αἰεὶ βασιλέων θυμουμένων ὀργὰς ἀφῄρουν καί σ’ ἐβουλόμην μένειν· σὺ δ’ οὐκ ἀνίεις μωρίας, λέγουσ’ ἀεὶ κακῶς τυράννους· τοιγὰρ ἐκπεσῇ χθονός. ὅμως δὲ κἀκ τῶνδ’ οὐκ ἀπειρηκὼς φίλοις 460ἥκω, τὸ σὸν δὲ προσκοπούμενος, γύναι, ὡς μήτ’ ἀχρήμων σὺν τέκνοισιν ἐκπέσῃς μήτ’ ἐνδεής του· πόλλ’ ἐφέλκεται φυγὴ κακὰ ξὺν αὑτῇ. καὶ γὰρ εἰ σύ με στυγεῖς, οὐκ ἂν δυναίμην σοὶ κακῶς φρονεῖν ποτε. Μήδεια 465ὦ παγκάκιστε, τοῦτο γάρ σ’ εἰπεῖν ἔχω, γλώσσῃ μέγιστον εἰς ἀνανδρίαν κακόν· ἦλθες πρὸς ἡμᾶς, ἦλθες ἔχθιστος γεγώς; οὔτοι θράσος τόδ’ ἐστὶν οὐδ’ εὐτολμία, 470φίλους κακῶς δράσαντ’ ἐναντίον βλέπειν, ἀλλ’ ἡ μεγίστη τῶν ἐν ἀνθρώποις νόσων πασῶν, ἀναίδει’· εὖ δ’ ἐποίησας μολών· ἐγώ τε γὰρ λέξασα κουφισθήσομαι ψυχὴν κακῶς σε καὶ σὺ λυπήσῃ κλύων. 475ἐκ τῶν δὲ πρώτων πρῶτον ἄρξομαι λέγειν. ἔσῳσά σ’, ὡς ἴσασιν Ἑλλήνων ὅσοι ταὐτὸν συνεισέβησαν Ἀργῷον σκάφος, πεμφθέντα ταύρων πυρπνόων ἐπιστάτην ζεύγλῃσι καὶ σπεροῦντα θανάσιμον γύην· 480δράκοντά θ’, ὃς πάγχρυσον ἀμπέχων δέρας σπείραις ἔσῳζε πολυπλόκοις ἄυπνος ὤν, κτείνασ’ ἀνέσχον σοὶ φάος σωτήριον. αὐτὴ δὲ πατέρα καὶ δόμους προδοῦσ’ ἐμοὺς τὴν Πηλιῶτιν εἰς Ἰωλκὸν ἱκόμην 485σὺν σοί, πρόθυμος μᾶλλον ἢ σοφωτέρα· Πελίαν τ’ ἀπέκτειν’, ὥσπερ ἄλγιστον θανεῖν, παίδων ὑπ’ αὐτοῦ, πάντα τ’ ἐξεῖλον δόμον. καὶ ταῦθ’ ὑφ’ ἡμῶν, ὦ κάκιστ’ ἀνδρῶν, παθὼν προύδωκας ἡμᾶς, καινὰ δ’ ἐκτήσω λέχη— 490παίδων γεγώτων· εἰ γὰρ ἦσθ’ ἄπαις ἔτι, συγγνώστ’ ἂν ἦν σοι τοῦδ’ ἐρασθῆναι λέχους.

Jason It is not now I first remark, but oft ere this, how unruly a pest is a harsh temper. For instance, thou, hadst thou but patiently endured the will of thy superiors, mightest have remained here in this land and house, but now for thy idle words wilt thou be banished. Thy words are naught to roe. Cease not to call Jason basest of men; but for those words thou hast spoken against our rulers, count it all gain that exile is thy only punishment. I ever tried to check the outbursts of the angry monarch, and would have had thee stay, but thou wouldst not forego thy silly rage, always reviling our rulers, and so thou wilt be banished. Yet even after all this I weary not of my goodwill, but am come with thus much forethought, lady, that thou mayst not be destitute nor want for aught, when, with thy sons, thou art cast out. Many an evil doth exile bring in its train with it; for even though thou hatest me, never will I harbour hard thoughts of thee.

Medea Thou craven villain (for that is the only name my tongue can find for thee, a foul reproach on thy unmanliness)! comest thou to me, thou, most hated foe of gods, of me, and of all mankind? Tis no proof of courage or hardihood to confront thy friends after injuring them, but that worst of all human diseases—loss of shame. Yet hast thou done well to come; for I shall ease ray soul by reviling thee, and thou wilt be vexed at my recital. I will begin at the very beginning. I saved thy life, as every Hellene knows who sailed with thee aboard the good ship Argo, when thou wert sent to tame and yoke fire-breathing bulls, and to sow the deadly tilth. Yea, and I slew the dragon which guarded the golden fleece, keeping sleepless watch o’er it with many a wreathed coil, and I raised for thee a beacon of deliverance. Father and home of my free will I left and came with thee to Iolcos, ’neath Pelion’s hills, for my love was stronger than my prudence. Next I caused the death of Pelias by a doom most grievous, even by his own children’s hand, beguiling them of all their fear. All this have I done for thee, thou traitor! and thou hast cast me over, taking to thyself another wife, though children have been bom to us. Hadst thou been childless still, I could have pardoned thy desire for this new union.

Μήδεια 492ὅρκων δὲ φρούδη πίστις, οὐδ’ ἔχω μαθεῖν ἦ θεοὺς νομίζεις τοὺς τότ’ οὐκ ἄρχειν ἔτι, ἢ καινὰ κεῖσθαι θέσμι’ ἀνθρώποις τὰ νῦν, 495ἐπεὶ σύνοισθά γ’ εἰς ἔμ’ οὐκ εὔορκος ὤν. φεῦ δεξιὰ χείρ, ἧς σὺ πόλλ’ ἐλαμβάνου, καὶ τῶνδε γονάτων, ὡς μάτην κεχρῴσμεθα κακοῦ πρὸς ἀνδρός, ἐλπίδων δ’ ἡμάρτομεν. ἄγ’· ὡς φίλῳ γὰρ ὄντι σοι κοινώσομαι 500—δοκοῦσα μὲν τί πρός γε σοῦ πράξειν καλῶς; ὅμως δ’· ἐρωτηθεὶς γὰρ αἰσχίων φανῇ— νῦν ποῖ τράπωμαι; πότερα πρὸς πατρὸς δόμους, οὓς σοὶ προδοῦσα καὶ πάτραν ἀφικόμην; ἢ πρὸς ταλαίνας Πελιάδας; καλῶς γ’ ἂν οὖν 505δέξαιντό μ’ οἴκοις ὧν πατέρα κατέκτανον. ἔχει γὰρ οὕτω· τοῖς μὲν οἴκοθεν φίλοις ἐχθρὰ καθέστηχ’, οὓς δέ μ’ οὐκ ἐχρῆν κακῶς δρᾶν, σοὶ χάριν φέρουσα πολεμίους ἔχω. τοιγάρ με πολλαῖς μακαρίαν Ἑλληνίδων 510ἔθηκας ἀντὶ τῶνδε· θαυμαστὸν δέ σε ἔχω πόσιν καὶ πιστὸν ἡ τάλαιν’ ἐγώ, εἰ φεύξομαί γε γαῖαν ἐκβεβλημένη, φίλων ἔρημος, σὺν τέκνοις μόνη μόνοις— καλόν γ’ ὄνειδος τῷ νεωστὶ νυμφίῳ, 515πτωχοὺς ἀλᾶσθαι παῖδας ἥ τ’ ἔσῳσά σε. ὦ Ζεῦ, τί δὴ χρυσοῦ μὲν ὃς κίβδηλος ᾖ τεκμήρι’ ἀνθρώποισιν ὤπασας σαφῆ, ἀνδρῶν δ’ ὅτῳ χρὴ τὸν κακὸν διειδέναι, οὐδεὶς χαρακτὴρ ἐμπέφυκε σώματι; Χορός 520δεινή τις ὀργὴ καὶ δυσίατος πέλει, ὅταν φίλοι φίλοισι συμβάλωσ’ ἔριν.

Medea Gone is now the trust I put in oaths. I cannot even understand whether thou thinkest that the gods of old no longer rule, or that fresh decrees are now in vogue amongst mankind, for thy conscience must tell thee thou hast not kept faith with me. Ah! poor right hand, which thou didst often grasp. These knees thou didst embrace! All in vain, I suffered a traitor to touch me! How short of my hopes I am fallen! But come, I will deal with thee as though thou wert my friend. Yet what kindness can I expect from one so base as thee? but yet I will do it, for my questioning will show thee yet more base. Whither can I turn me now? to my father’s house, to my own country, which I for thee deserted to come hither? to the hapless daughters of Pelias? A glad welcome, I trow, would they give me in their home, whose father’s death I compassed! My case stands even thus: I am become the bitter foe to those of mine own home, and those whom I need ne’er have wronged I have made mine enemies to pleasure thee. Wherefore to reward me for this thou hast made me doubly blest in the eyes of many a wife in Hellas; and in thee I own a peerless, trusty lord. O woe is me, if indeed I am to be cast forth an exile from the land, without one friend; one lone woman with her babes forlorn! Yea, a fine reproach to thee in thy bridal hour, that thy children and the wife who saved thy life are beggars and vagabonds! O Zeus! why hast thou granted unto man clear signs to know the sham in gold, white on man’s brow no brand is stamped whereby to gauge the villain’s heart?

Chorus There is a something terrible and past all cure, when quarrels arise ’twixt those who are near and dear.

Jason

522δεῖ μ’, ὡς ἔοικε, μὴ κακὸν φῦναι λέγειν, ἀλλ’ ὥστε ναὸς κεδνὸν οἰακοστρόφον ἄκροισι λαίφους κρασπέδοις ὑπεκδραμεῖν 525τὴν σὴν στόμαργον, ὦ γύναι, γλωσσαλγίαν. ἐγὼ δ’, ἐπειδὴ καὶ λίαν πυργοῖς χάριν, Κύπριν νομίζω τῆς ἐμῆς ναυκληρίας σώτειραν εἶναι θεῶν τε κἀνθρώπων μόνην. σοὶ δ’ ἔστι μὲν νοῦς λεπτός—ἀλλ’ ἐπίφθονος 530λόγος διελθεῖν, ὡς Ἔρως σ’ ἠνάγκασε τόξοις ἀφύκτοις τοὐμὸν ἐκσῷσαι δέμας. ἀλλ’ οὐκ ἀκριβῶς αὐτὸ θήσομαι λίαν· ὅπῃ γὰρ οὖν ὤνησας, οὐ κακῶς ἔχει. μείζω γε μέντοι τῆς ἐμῆς σωτηρίας 535εἴληφας ἢ δέδωκας, ὡς ἐγὼ φράσω. πρῶτον μὲν Ἑλλάδ’ ἀντὶ βαρβάρου χθονὸς γαῖαν κατοικεῖς καὶ δίκην ἐπίστασαι νόμοις τε χρῆσθαι μὴ πρὸς ἰσχύος χάριν· πάντες δέ σ’ ᾔσθοντ’ οὖσαν Ἕλληνες σοφὴν 540καὶ δόξαν ἔσχες· εἰ δὲ γῆς ἐπ’ ἐσχάτοις ὅροισιν ᾤκεις, οὐκ ἂν ἦν λόγος σέθεν. εἴη δ’ ἔμοιγε μήτε χρυσὸς ἐν δόμοις μήτ’ Ὀρφέως κάλλιον ὑμνῆσαι μέλος, εἰ μὴ ’πίσημος ἡ τύχη γένοιτό μοι.

Needs must I now, it seems, turn orator, and, like a good helmsman on a ship with close-reefed sails, weather that wearisome tongue of thine. Now, I believe, since thou wilt exaggerate thy favours, that to Cypris alone of gods or men I owe the safety of my voyage. Thou hast a subtle wit enough; yet were it a hateful thing for me to say that the Love-god constrained thee by his resistless shaft to save my life. However, I will not reckon this too nicely; ’twas kindly done, however thou didst serve me. Yet for my safety hast thou received more than ever thou gavest, as I will show. First, thou dwellest in Hellas, instead of thy barbarian land, and hast learnt what justice means find how to live by law, not by the dictates of brute force; and all the Hellenes recognize thy cleverness, and thou hast gained a name; whereas, if thou hadst dwelt upon the confines of the earth, no tongue had mentioned thee. Give me no gold within my halls; nor skill to sing a fairer strain than ever Orpheus sang, unless therewith my fame be spread abroad!

People and places in this passage

English translation by Edward P. Coleridge (1891). Original text: Greek text: Gilbert Murray (ed.), Euripidis Fabulae, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1902, as digitised by Perseus. English: Edward P. Coleridge, The Plays of Euripides, London: George Bell and Sons, first published 1891 (the Perseus header records the 1906 printing).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.

Medea 446–544: Medea reproaches Jason | Euripides