Euripides · Medea Μήδεια

Euripides, Medea 545–626: Second episode: Jason's defence and Medea's rejection of his help

Jason argues that he married the princess so that he and his family could live in comfort and so that his sons by Medea would have brothers of royal rank, and he says that she has no need of more children. He offers her money and letters to friends abroad to help her in exile, but Medea refuses to take anything from him and sends him back to his new bride.

Lines 545–626 · 872 words · click a number to copy its link
Ἰάσων 545τοσαῦτα μέν σοι τῶν ἐμῶν πόνων πέρι ἔλεξ’· ἅμιλλαν γὰρ σὺ προύθηκας λόγων. ἃ δ’ ἐς γάμους μοι βασιλικοὺς ὠνείδισας, ἐν τῷδε δείξω πρῶτα μὲν σοφὸς γεγώς, ἔπειτα σώφρων, εἶτα σοὶ μέγας φίλος 550καὶ παισὶ τοῖς ἐμοῖσιν—ἀλλ’ ἔχ’ ἥσυχος. ἐπεὶ μετέστην δεῦρ’ Ἰωλκίας χθονὸς πολλὰς ἐφέλκων συμφορὰς ἀμηχάνους, τί τοῦδ’ ἂν εὕρημ’ ηὗρον εὐτυχέστερον ἢ παῖδα γῆμαι βασιλέως φυγὰς γεγώς; 555οὐχ, ᾗ σὺ κνίζῃ, σὸν μὲν ἐχθαίρων λέχος, καινῆς δὲ νύμφης ἱμέρῳ πεπληγμένος, οὐδ’ εἰς ἅμιλλαν πολύτεκνον σπουδὴν ἔχων· ἅλις γὰρ οἱ γεγῶτες οὐδὲ μέμφομαι· ἀλλ’ ὡς, τὸ μὲν μέγιστον, οἰκοῖμεν καλῶς 560καὶ μὴ σπανιζοίμεσθα, γιγνώσκων ὅτι πένητα φεύγει πᾶς τις ἐκποδὼν φίλος, παῖδας δὲ θρέψαιμ’ ἀξίως δόμων ἐμῶν σπείρας τ’ ἀδελφοὺς τοῖσιν ἐκ σέθεν τέκνοις ἐς ταὐτὸ θείην, καὶ ξυναρτήσας γένος 565εὐδαιμονοῖμεν. σοί τε γὰρ παίδων τί δεῖ; ἐμοί τε λύει τοῖσι μέλλουσιν τέκνοις τὰ ζῶντ’ ὀνῆσαι. μῶν βεβούλευμαι κακῶς; οὐδ’ ἂν σὺ φαίης, εἴ σε μὴ κνίζοι λέχος. ἀλλ’ ἐς τοσοῦτον ἥκεθ’ ὥστ’ ὀρθουμένης 570εὐνῆς γυναῖκες πάντ’ ἔχειν νομίζετε, ἢν δ’ αὖ γένηται ξυμφορά τις ἐς λέχος, τὰ λῷστα καὶ κάλλιστα πολεμιώτατα τίθεσθε. χρῆν γὰρ ἄλλοθέν ποθεν βροτοὺς παῖδας τεκνοῦσθαι, θῆλυ δ’ οὐκ εἶναι γένος· 575χοὕτως ἂν οὐκ ἦν οὐδὲν ἀνθρώποις κακόν. Χορός Ἰᾶσον, εὖ μὲν τούσδ’ ἐκόσμησας λόγους· ὅμως δ’ ἔμοιγε, κεἰ παρὰ γνώμην ἐρῶ, δοκεῖς προδοὺς σὴν ἄλοχον οὐ δίκαια δρᾶν. Μήδεια ἦ πολλὰ πολλοῖς εἰμι διάφορος βροτῶν. 580ἐμοὶ γὰρ ὅστις ἄδικος ὢν σοφὸς λέγειν πέφυκε, πλείστην ζημίαν ὀφλισκάνει· γλώσσῃ γὰρ αὐχῶν τἄδικ’ εὖ περιστελεῖν, τολμᾷ πανουργεῖν· ἔστι δ’ οὐκ ἄγαν σοφός. ὡς καὶ σὺ μή νυν εἰς ἔμ’ εὐσχήμων γένῃ 585λέγειν τε δεινός. ἓν γὰρ ἐκτενεῖ σ’ ἔπος· χρῆν σ’, εἴπερ ἦσθα μὴ κακός, πείσαντά με γαμεῖν γάμον τόνδ’, ἀλλὰ μὴ σιγῇ φίλων.

Jason So much I say to thee about my own toils, for ’twas thou didst challenge me to this retort. As for the taunts thou urgest against my marriage with the princess, I will prove to thee, first, that I am prudent herein, next chastened in my love, and last a powerful friend to thee and to thy sons; only hold thy peace. Since I have here withdrawn from Iolcos with many a hopeless trouble at my back, what happier device could I, an exile, frame than marriage with the daughter of the king? ’Tis not because I loathe thee for my wife—the thought that rankles in thy heart; ’tis not because I am smitten with desire for a new bride, nor yet that I am eager to vie with others in begetting many children, for those we have are quite enough, and I do not complain. Nay, ’tis that we—and this is most important— may dwell in comfort, instead of suffering want (for well I know that every whilom friend avoids the poor), and that I might rear my sons as doth befit my house; further, that I might be the father of brothers for the children thou hast born, and raise these to the same high rank, uniting the family in one,— to my lasting bliss. Thou, indeed, hast no need of more children, but me it profits to help my present family by that which is to be. Have I miscarried here? Not even thou wouldest say so unless a rival’s charms rankled in thy bosom. No, but you women have such strange ideas, that you think all is well so long as your married life runs smooth; but if some mischance occur to ruffle your love, all that was good and lovely erst you reckon as your foes. Yea, men should have begotten children from some other source, no female race existing; thus would no evil ever have fallen on mankind.

Chorus This speech, O Jason, hast thou with specious art arranged; but yet I think—albeit in saying so I betray indiscretion—that thou hast sinned in casting over thy wife.

Medea No doubt I differ from the mass of men on many points; for, to my mind, whoso hath skill to fence with words in an unjust cause, incurs the heaviest penalty; for such an one, confident that he can cast a decent veil of words o’er his injustice, dares to practise it; and yet he is not so very clever after all. So do not thou put forth thy specious pleas and clever words to me now, for one word of mine will lay thee low. Hadst thou not had a villain’s heart, thou shouldst have gained my consent, then made this match, instead of hiding it from those who loved thee.

Ἰάσων 588καλῶς γ’ ἄν, οἶμαι, τῷδ’ ὑπηρέτεις λόγῳ, εἴ σοι γάμον κατεῖπον, ἥτις οὐδὲ νῦν 590τολμᾷς μεθεῖναι καρδίας μέγαν χόλον. Μήδεια οὐ τοῦτό σ’ εἶχεν, ἀλλὰ βάρβαρον λέχος πρὸς γῆρας οὐκ εὔδοξον ἐξέβαινέ σοι. Ἰάσων εὖ νῦν τόδ’ ἴσθι, μὴ γυναικὸς οὕνεκα γῆμαί με λέκτρα βασιλέων ἃ νῦν ἔχω, 595ἀλλ’, ὥσπερ εἶπον καὶ πάρος, σῷσαι θέλων σέ, καὶ τέκνοισι τοῖς ἐμοῖς ὁμοσπόρους φῦσαι τυράννους παῖδας, ἔρυμα δώμασι. Μήδεια μή μοι γένοιτο λυπρὸς εὐδαίμων βίος μηδ’ ὄλβος ὅστις τὴν ἐμὴν κνίζοι φρένα. Ἰάσων 600οἶσθ’ ὡς μέτευξαι, καὶ σοφωτέρα φανῇ; τὰ χρηστὰ μή σοι λυπρὰ φαίνεσθαι ποτέ, μηδ’ εὐτυχοῦσα δυστυχὴς εἶναι δοκεῖν. Μήδεια ὕβριζ’, ἐπειδὴ σοὶ μὲν ἔστ’ ἀποστροφή, ἐγὼ δ’ ἔρημος τήνδε φευξοῦμαι χθόνα. Ἰάσων 605αὐτὴ τάδ’ εἵλου· μηδέν’ ἄλλον αἰτιῶ. Μήδεια τί δρῶσα; μῶν γαμοῦσα καὶ προδοῦσά σε; Ἰάσων ἀρὰς τυράννοις ἀνοσίους ἀρωμένη. Μήδεια καὶ σοῖς ἀραία γ’ οὖσα τυγχάνω δόμοις. Ἰάσων ὡς οὐ κρινοῦμαι τῶνδέ σοι τὰ πλείονα. 610ἀλλ’, εἴ τι βούλῃ παισὶν ἢ σαυτῆς φυγῇ προσωφέλημα χρημάτων ἐμῶν λαβεῖν, λέγ’· ὡς ἕτοιμος ἀφθόνῳ δοῦναι χερὶ ξένοις τε πέμπειν σύμβολ’, οἳ δράσουσί σ’ εὖ. καὶ ταῦτα μὴ θέλουσα μωρανεῖς, γύναι· 615λήξασα δ’ ὀργῆς κερδανεῖς ἀμείνονα. Μήδεια οὔτ’ ἂν ξένοισι τοῖσι σοῖς χρησαίμεθ’ ἄν, οὔτ’ ἄν τι δεξαίμεσθα, μηδ’ ἡμῖν δίδου· κακοῦ γὰρ ἀνδρὸς δῶρ’ ὄνησιν οὐκ ἔχει. Ἰάσων ἀλλ’ οὖν ἐγὼ μὲν δαίμονας μαρτύρομαι, 620ὡς πάνθ’ ὑπουργεῖν σοί τε καὶ τέκνοις θέλω· σοὶ δ’ οὐκ ἀρέσκει τἀγάθ’, ἀλλ’ αὐθαδίᾳ φίλους ἀπωθῇ· τοιγὰρ ἀλγυνῇ πλέον. Μήδεια χώρει· πόθῳ γὰρ τῆς νεοδμήτου κόρης αἱρῇ χρονίζων δωμάτων ἐξώπιος. 625νύμφευ’· ἴσως γάρ—σὺν θεῷ δ’ εἰρήσεται— γαμεῖς τοιοῦτον ὥστε σ’ ἀρνεῖσθαι γάμον.

Jason Thou wouldest have lent me ready aid, no doubt, in this proposal, if I had told thee of my marriage, seeing that not even now canst thou restrain thy soul’s hot fury.

Medea This was not what restrained thee; but thine eye was turned towards old age, and a foreign wife began to appear discreditable to thee.

Jason Be well assured of this: ’twas not for the woman’s sake I wedded the king’s daughter, my present wife; but, as I have already told thee, I wished to insure thy safety and to be the father of royal sons bound by blood to my own children—a bulwark to our house.

Medea May that prosperity, whose end is woe, ne’er be mine, nor such wealth as would ever sting my heart!

Jason Change that prayer as I will teach thee, and thou wilt show more wisdom. Never let happiness appear in sorrow’s guise, nor, when thy fortune smiles, pretend she frowns!

Medea Mock on; thou hast a place of refuge; I am alone, an exile soon to be.

Jason Thy own free choice was this; blame no one else.

Medea What did I do? Marry, then betray thee?

Jason Against the king thou didst invoke an impious curse.

Medea On thy house too maybe I bring the curse.

Jason Know this, I will no further dispute this point with thee. But, if thou wilt of my fortune somewhat take for the children or thyself to help thy exile, say on; for I am ready to grant it with ungrudging hand, yea and to send tokens to my friends elsewhere who shall treat thee well. If thou refuse this offer, thou wilt do a foolish deed, but if thou cease from anger the greater will be thy gain.

Medea I will have naught to do with friends of thine, naught will I receive of thee, offer it not to me; a villain’s gifts can bring no blessing.

Jason At least I call the gods to witness, that I am ready in all things to serve thee and thy children, but thou dost scorn my favours and thrustest thy friends stubbornly away; wherefore thy lot will be more bitter still.

Medea Away! By love for thy young bride entrapped, too long thou lingerest outside her chamber; go wed, for, if God will, thou shalt have such a marriage as thou wouldst fain refuse.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Edward P. Coleridge (1891). Original text: Greek text: Gilbert Murray (ed.), Euripidis Fabulae, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1902, as digitised by Perseus. English: Edward P. Coleridge, The Plays of Euripides, London: George Bell and Sons, first published 1891 (the Perseus header records the 1906 printing).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.

Medea 545–626: Jason's defence and Medea's rejection of his…