Euripides · Medea Μήδεια

Euripides, Medea 976–1080: Fourth choral song; the children return and Medea decides to kill them

The Chorus sees no hope for the children, for the bride and for Medea. The children's Attendant then brings word that the princess has accepted the gifts and that the children are no longer to be exiled, and Medea weeps. In two long speeches she argues with herself, pulled between her love for her sons and her wish to hurt Jason, and at last she decides on the killing.

Lines 976–1080 · 979 words · click a number to copy its link

Chorus

976νῦν ἐλπίδες οὐκέτι μοι παίδων ζόας, οὐκέτι· στείχουσι γὰρ ἐς φόνον ἤδη. δέξεται νύμφα χρυσέων ἀναδεσμῶν δέξεται δύστανος ἄταν· 980ξανθᾷ δ’ ἀμφὶ κόμᾳ θήσει τὸν Ἅιδα κόσμον αὐτὰ χεροῖν.

Gone, gone is every hope I had that the children yet might live; forth to their doom they now proceed. The hapless bride will take, ay, take the golden crown that is to be her ruin; with her own hand will she lift and place upon her golden locks the garniture of death.

Chorus

983πείσει χάρις ἀμβρόσιός τ’ αὐγὰ πέπλων χρυσέων τευκτὸν στέφανον περιθέσθαι· 985νερτέροις δ’ ἤδη πάρα νυμφοκομήσει. τοῖον εἰς ἕρκος πεσεῖται καὶ μοῖραν θανάτου δύστανος· ἄταν δ’ οὐχ ὑπεκφεύξεται.

Its grace and sheen divine will tempt her to put on the robe and crown of gold, and in that act will she deck herself to be a bride amid the dead. Such is the snare whereinto she will fall, such is the deadly doom that waits the hapless maid, nor shall she from the curse escape.

Chorus

990σὺ δ’, ὦ τάλαν, ὦ κακόνυμφε κηδεμὼν τυράννων, παισὶν οὐ κατειδὼς ὄλεθρον βιοτᾷ προσάγεις ἀλόχῳ τε σᾷ στυγερὸν θάνατον. 995δύστανε μοίρας ὅσον παροίχῃ.

And thou, poor wretch, who to thy sorrow art wedding a king’s daughter, little thinkest of the doom thou art bringing on thy children’s life, or of the cruel death that waits thy bride. Woe is thee! how art thou fallen from thy high estate!

Chorus

996μεταστένομαι δὲ σὸν ἄλγος, ὦ τάλαινα παίδων μᾶτερ, ἃ φονεύσεις τέκνα νυμφιδίων ἕνεκεν λεχέων, ἅ 1000σοι προλιπὼν ἀνόμως ἄλλᾳ ξυνοικεῖ πόσις συνεύνῳ.

Next do I bewail thy sorrows, O mother hapless in thy children, thou who wilt slay thy babes because thou hast a rival, the babes thy husband hath deserted impiously to join him to another bride.

Παιδαγωγός 1002δέσποιν’, ἀφεῖνται παῖδες οἵδε σοὶ φυγῆς, καὶ δῶρα νύμφη βασιλὶς ἀσμένη χεροῖν ἐδέξατ’· εἰρήνη δὲ τἀκεῖθεν τέκνοις. 1005ἔα. τί συγχυθεῖσ’ ἕστηκας ἡνίκ’ εὐτυχεῖς; Μήδεια αἰαῖ. Παιδαγωγός τάδ’ οὐ ξυνῳδὰ τοῖσιν ἐξηγγελμένοις. Μήδεια αἰαῖ μάλ’ αὖθις. Παιδαγωγός. μῶν τιν’ ἀγγέλλων τύχην 1010οὐκ οἶδα, δόξης δ’ ἐσφάλην εὐαγγέλου; Μήδεια ἤγγειλας οἷ’ ἤγγειλας· οὐ σὲ μέμφομαι.· Παιδαγωγός τί δαὶ κατηφεῖς ὄμμα καὶ δακρυρροεῖς; Μήδεια πολλή μ’ ἀνάγκη, πρέσβυ· ταῦτα γὰρ θεοὶ κἀγὼ κακῶς φρονοῦσ’ ἐμηχανησάμην. Παιδαγωγός 1015θάρσει· κάτει τοι καὶ σὺ πρὸς τέκνων ἔτι. Μήδεια ἄλλους κατάξω πρόσθεν ἡ τάλαιν’ ἐγώ. Παιδαγωγός οὔτοι μόνη σὺ σῶν ἀπεζύγης τέκνων· κούφως φέρειν χρὴ θνητὸν ὄντα συμφοράς. Μήδεια δράσω τάδ’. ἀλλὰ βαῖνε δωμάτων ἔσω 1020καὶ παισὶ πόρσυν’ οἷα χρὴ καθ’ ἡμέραν. ὦ τέκνα τέκνα, σφῷν μὲν ἔστι δὴ πόλις καὶ δῶμ’, ἐν ᾧ, λιπόντες ἀθλίαν ἐμέ, οἰκήσετ’ αἰεὶ μητρὸς ἐστερημένοι· ἐγὼ δ’ ἐς ἄλλην γαῖαν εἶμι δὴ φυγάς, 1025πρὶν σφῷν ὀνάσθαι κἀπιδεῖν εὐδαίμονας, πρὶν λέκτρα καὶ γυναῖκα καὶ γαμηλίους εὐνὰς ἀγῆλαι λαμπάδας τ’ ἀνασχεθεῖν. ὦ δυστάλαινα τῆς ἐμῆς αὐθαδίας. ἄλλως ἄρ’ ὑμᾶς, ὦ τέκν’, ἐξεθρεψάμην, 1030ἄλλως δ’ ἐμόχθουν καὶ κατεξάνθην πόνοις, στερρὰς ἐνεγκοῦσ’ ἐν τόκοις ἀλγηδόνας. ἦ μήν ποθ’ ἡ δύστηνος εἶχον ἐλπίδας πολλὰς ἐν ὑμῖν, γηροβοσκήσειν τ’ ἐμὲ καὶ κατθανοῦσαν χερσὶν εὖ περιστελεῖν, 1035ζηλωτὸν ἀνθρώποισι· νῦν δ’ ὄλωλε δὴ γλυκεῖα φροντίς. σφῷν γὰρ ἐστερημένη λυπρὸν διάξω βίοτον ἀλγεινόν τ’ ἐμοί. ὑμεῖς δὲ μητέρ’ οὐκέτ’ ὄμμασιν φίλοις ὄψεσθ’, ἐς ἄλλο σχῆμ’ ἀποστάντες βίου. 1040φεῦ φεῦ· τί προσδέρκεσθέ μ’ ὄμμασιν, τέκνα; τί προσγελᾶτε τὸν πανύστατον γέλων; αἰαῖ· τί δράσω; καρδία γὰρ οἴχεται, γυναῖκες, ὄμμα φαιδρὸν ὡς εἶδον τέκνων. οὐκ ἂν δυναίμην· χαιρέτω βουλεύματα 1045τὰ πρόσθεν· ἄξω παῖδας ἐκ γαίας ἐμούς. τί δεῖ με πατέρα τῶνδε τοῖς τούτων κακοῖς λυποῦσαν αὐτὴν δὶς τόσα κτᾶσθαι κακά; οὐ δῆτ’ ἔγωγε. χαιρέτω βουλεύματα.

Attendant Thy children, lady, are from exile freed, and gladly did the royal bride accept thy gifts in her own hands, and so thy children made their peace with her.

Medea Ah!

Attendant Why art so disquieted in thy prosperous hour? Why turnest thou thy cheek away, and hast no welcome for my glad news?

Medea Ah me!

Attendant These groans but ill accord with the news I bring.

Medea Ah me! once more I say.

Attendant Have I unwittingly announced some evil tidings? Have I erred in thinking my news was good?

Medea Thy news is as it is; I blame thee not.

Attendant Then why this downcast eye, these floods of tears?

Medea Old friend, needs must I weep; for the gods and I with fell intent devised these schemes.

Attendant Be of good cheer; thou too of a surety shalt by thy sons yet be brought home again.

Medea Ere that shall I bring others to their home, ah! woe is me!

Attendant Thou art not the only mother from thy children reft. Bear patiently thy troubles as a mortal must.

Medea I will obey; go thou within the house and make the day’s provision for the children. O my babes, my babes, ye have still a city and a home, where far from me and my sad lot you will live your lives, reft of your mother for ever; while I must to another land in banishment, or ever I have had my joy of you, or lived to see you happy, or ever I have graced your marriage couch, your bride, your bridal bower, or lifted high the wedding torch. Ah me! a victim of my own self-will. So it was all in vain I reared you, O my sons; in vain did suffer, racked with anguish, enduring the cruel pangs of childbirth. ’Fore Heaven I once had hope, poor me! high hope of ye that you would nurse me in my age and deck my corpse with loving hands, a boon we mortals covet; but now is my sweet fancy dead and gone; for I must lose you both and in bitterness and sorrow drag through life. And ye shall never with fond eyes see your mother more, for o’er your life there comes a change. Ah me! ah me! why do ye look at me so, my children? why smile that last sweet smile? Ah me! what am I to do? My heart gives way when I behold my children’s laughing eyes. O, I cannot; farewell to all my former schemes; I will take the children from the land, the babes I bore. Why should I wound their sire by wounding them, and get me a twofold measure of sorrow? No, no, I will not do it. Farewell my scheming!

Medea

1049καίτοι τί πάσχω; βούλομαι γέλωτ’ ὀφλεῖν 1050ἐχθροὺς μεθεῖσα τοὺς ἐμοὺς ἀζημίους; τολμητέον τάδ’. ἀλλὰ τῆς ἐμῆς κάκης, τὸ καὶ προσέσθαι μαλθακοὺς λόγους φρενί. χωρεῖτε, παῖδες, ἐς δόμους. ὅτῳ δὲ μὴ θέμις παρεῖναι τοῖς ἐμοῖσι θύμασιν, 1055αὐτῷ μελήσει· χεῖρα δ’ οὐ διαφθερῶ. ἆ ἆ. μὴ δῆτα, θυμέ, μὴ σύ γ’ ἐργάσῃ τάδε· ἔασον αὐτούς, ὦ τάλαν, φεῖσαι τέκνων· ἐκεῖ μεθ’ ἡμῶν ζῶντες εὐφρανοῦσί σε. μὰ τοὺς παρ’ Ἅιδῃ νερτέρους ἀλάστορας, 1060οὔτοι ποτ’ ἔσται τοῦθ’ ὅπως ἐχθροῖς ἐγὼ παῖδας παρήσω τοὺς ἐμοὺς καθυβρίσαι. πάντως πέπρακται ταῦτα κοὐκ ἐκφεύξεται. 1065καὶ δὴ ’πὶ κρατὶ στέφανος, ἐν πέπλοισι δὲ νύμφη τύραννος ὄλλυται, σάφ’ οἶδ’ ἐγώ. ἀλλ’, εἶμι γὰρ δὴ τλημονεστάτην ὁδόν, καὶ τούσδε πέμψω τλημονεστέραν ἔτι, παῖδας προσειπεῖν βούλομαι.—δότ’, ὦ τέκνα, 1070δότ’ ἀσπάσασθαι μητρὶ δεξιὰν χέρα. ὦ φιλτάτη χείρ, φίλτατον δέ μοι στόμα καὶ σχῆμα καὶ πρόσωπον εὐγενὲς τέκνων, εὐδαιμονοῖτον, ἀλλ’ ἐκεῖ· τὰ δ’ ἐνθάδε πατὴρ ἀφείλετ’. ὦ γλυκεῖα προσβολή, 1075ὦ μαλθακὸς χρὼς πνεῦμά θ’ ἥδιστον τέκνων. χωρεῖτε χωρεῖτ’· οὐκέτ’ εἰμὶ προσβλέπειν οἵα τε πρὸς ὑμᾶς, ἀλλὰ νικῶμαι κακοῖς. καὶ μανθάνω μὲν οἷα δρᾶν μέλλω κακά, θυμὸς δὲ κρείσσων τῶν ἐμῶν βουλευμάτων, 1080ὅσπερ μεγίστων αἴτιος κακῶν βροτοῖς.

And yet what am I coming to? Can I consent to let those foes of mine escape from punishment, and incur their mockery? I must face this deed. Out upon my craven heart! to think that I should even have let the soft words escape my soul. Into the house, children! and whoso feels he must not be present at my sacrifice, must see to it himself; I will not spoil my handiwork. Ah! ah! do not, my heart, O do not do this deed! Let the children go, unhappy one, spare the babes! For if they live, they will cheer thee in our exile there. Nay, by the fiends of hell’s abyss, never, never will I hand my children over to their foes to mock and flout. Die they must in any case, and since ’tis so, why I, the mother who bore them, will give the fatal blow. In any case their doom is fixed and there is no escape. Already the crown is on her head, the robe is round her, and she is dying, the royal bride; that do I know full well. But now since I have a piteous path to tread, and yet more piteous still the path I send my children on, fain would I say farewell to them. O my babes, my babes, let your mother kiss your hands. Ah! hands I love so well, O lips most dear to me! O noble form and features of my children, I wish ye joy, but in that other land, for here your father robs you of your home. O the sweet embrace, the soft young cheek, the fragrant breath! my children! Go, leave me; I cannot bear to longer look upon ye; my sorrow wins the day. At last I understand the awful deed I am to do; but passion, that cause of direst woes to mortal man, hath triumphed o’er my sober thoughts.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Edward P. Coleridge (1891). Original text: Greek text: Gilbert Murray (ed.), Euripidis Fabulae, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1902, as digitised by Perseus. English: Edward P. Coleridge, The Plays of Euripides, London: George Bell and Sons, first published 1891 (the Perseus header records the 1906 printing).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.

Medea 976–1080: Fourth choral song | Euripides