Virgil · Aeneid Aeneis

Virgil, Aeneid 5.286–361: The foot race

Aeneas gathers the youths of Troy and Sicily for a foot race and announces prizes for the first three. Nisus leads but slips in blood on the turf near the finish, and from the ground he trips Salius so that his friend Euryalus can win. Salius complains, but Aeneas lets the result stand and gives him a lion's pelt, and Nisus, who shows his muddy body, receives a shield.

Lines 5.286–361 · 692 words · click a number to copy its link
286Hoc pius Aeneas misso certamine tendit gramineum in campum, quem collibus undique curvis cingebant silvae, mediaque in valle theatri circus erat; quo se multis cum milibus heros 290consessu medium tulit exstructoque resedit. Hic, qui forte velint rapido contendere cursu, invitat pretiis animos, et praemia ponit. Undique conveniunt Teucri mixtique Sicani, Nisus et Euryalus primi, 295Euryalus forma insignis viridique iuventa, Nisus amore pio pueri; quos deinde secutus regius egregia Priami de stirpe Diores; hunc Salius simul et Patron, quorum alter Acarnan, alter ab Arcadio Tegeaeae sanguine gentis; 300tum duo Trinacrii iuvenes, Helymus Panopesque, adsueti silvis, comites senioris Acestae; multi praeterea, quos fama obscura recondit. Aeneas quibus in mediis sic deinde locutus: Accipite haec animis, laetasque advertite mentes: 305nemo ex hoc numero mihi non donatus abibit.

Then good Aeneas, the ship-contest o'er,
turned to a wide green valley, circled round
with clasp of wood-clad hills, wherein was made
an amphitheatre; entering with a throng
of followers, the hero took his seat
in mid-arena on a lofty mound.
For the fleet foot-race, now, his summons flies, —
he offers gifts, and shows the rewards due.
The mingling youth of Troy and Sicily
hastened from far. Among the foremost came
the comrades Nisus and Euryalus,
Euryalus for beauty's bloom renowned,
Nisus for loyal love; close-following these
Diores strode, a prince of Priam's line;
then Salius and Patron, who were bred
in Acarnania and Arcady;
then two Sicilian warriors, Helymus
and Panopes, both sylvan bred and born,
comrades of King Acestes; after these
the multitude whom Fame forgets to tell.
Aeneas, so surrounded, thus spake forth:
“Hear what I purpose, and with joy receive!
Of all your company, not one departs
with empty hand.

306Gnosia bina dabo levato lucida ferro spicula caelatamque argento ferre bipennem; omnibus hic erit unus honos. Tres praemia primi accipient flavaque caput nectentur oliva. 310Primus equum phaleris insignem victor habeto; alter Amazoniam pharetram plenamque sagittis Threïciis, lato quam circum amplectitur auro balteus et tereti subnectit fibula gemma; tertius Argolica hac galea contentus abito. 315Haec ubi dicta, locum capiunt, signoque repente corripiunt spatia audito, limenque relinquunt, effusi nimbo similes, simul ultima signant. Primus abit longeque ante omnia corpora Nisus emicat, et ventis et fulminis ocior alis; 320proximus huic, longo sed proxumus intervallo, insequitur Salius; spatio post deinde relicto tertius Euryalus: Euryalumque Helymus sequitur; quo deinde sub ipso ecce volat calcemque terit iam calce Diores, 325incumbens umero, spatia et si plura supersint, transeat elapsus prior, ambiguumque relinquat.

The Cretan javelins
bright-tipped with burnished steel, and battle-axe
adorned with graven silver, these shall be
the meed of all. The three first at the goal
shall bind their foreheads with fair olive green,
and win the rewards due. The first shall lead,
victorious, yon rich-bridled steed away;
this Amazonian quiver, the next prize,
well-stocked with Thracian arrows; round it goes
a baldrick broad and golden,—in its clasp
a lustrous gem. The third man goes away
taking this helmet from the Argive spoil.”
They heard, and took their places. The loud horn
gave signal, and impetuous from the line,
swift as a bursting storm they sped away,
eyes fixed upon the goal. Far in advance
Nisus shot forward, swifter than the winds
or winged thunderbolt; the next in course,
next, but out-rivalled far, was Salius,
and after him a space, Euryalus
came third; him Helymus was hard upon;
and, look! Diores follows, heel on heel,
close at his shoulder—if the race be long
he sure must win, or claim a doubtful prize.
Now at the last stretch, spent and panting, all
pressed to the goal, when in a slime of blood
Nisus, hard fate! slipped down, where late the death
of victims slain had drenched the turf below.

327Iamque fere spatio extremo fessique sub ipsam finem adventabant, levi cum sanguine Nisus labitur infelix, caesis ut forte iuvencis 330fusus humum viridisque super madefecerat herbas. Hic iuvenis iam victor ovans vestigia presso haud tenuit titubata solo, sed pronus in ipso concidit immundoque fimo sacroque cruore. Non tamen Euryali, non ille oblitus amorum; 335nam sese opposuit Salio per lubrica surgens; ille autem spissa iacuit revolutus harena. Emicat Euryalus, et munere victor amici prima tenet, plausuque volat fremituque secundo. Post Helymus subit, et nunc tertia palma Diores. 340Hic totum caveae consessum ingentis et ora prima patrum magnis Salius clamoribus implet, ereptumque dolo reddi sibi poscit honorem. Tutatur favor Euryalum, lacrimaeque decorae, gratior et pulchro veniens in corpore virtus. 345Adiuvat et magna proclamat voce Diores, qui subiit palmae, frustraque ad praemia venit ultima, si primi Salio reddentur honores. Tum pater Aeneas Vestra inquit munera vobis certa manent, pueri, et palmam movet ordine nemo; 350me liceat casus misereri insontis amici. Sic fatus, tergum Gaetuli immane leonis dat Salio, villis onerosum atque unguibus aureis. Hic Nisus, Si tanta inquit sunt praemia victis, et te lapsorum miseret, quae munera Niso 355digna dabis, primam merui qui laude coronam, ni me, quae Salium, fortuna inimica tulisset? Et simul his dictis faciem ostentabat et udo turpia membra fimo. Risit pater optimus olli et clipeum efferri iussit, Didymaonis artem, 360Neptuni sacro Danais de poste refixum. Hoc iuvenem egregium praestanti munere donat;

Here the young victor, with his triumph flushed,
lost foothold on the yielding ground, and plunged
face forward in the pool of filth and gore;
but not of dear Euryalus was he
forgetful then, nor heedless of his friend;
but rising from the mire he hurled himself
in Salius' way; so he in equal plight
rolled in the filthy slough. Euryalus
leaped forth, the winner of the race by gift
of his true friend, and flying to the goal
stood first, by many a favoring shout acclaimed.
Next Helymus ran in; and, for the third, last prize,
Diores. But the multitude now heard
the hollowed hill-side ringing with wild wrath
from Salius, clamoring where the chieftains sate
for restitution of his stolen prize,
lost by a cheat. But general favor smiles
upon Euryalus, whose beauteous tears
commend him much, and nobler seems the worth
of valor clothed in youthful shape so fair.
Diores, too, assists the victor's claim,
with loud appeal—he too has won a prize,
and vainly holds his last place, if the first
to Salius fall. Aeneas then replied:
“Your gifts, my gallant youths, remain secure.
None can re-judge the prize. But to console
the misadventure of a blameless friend,
is in my power.” Therewith to Salius
an Afric lion's monstrous pelt he gave,
with ponderous mane, the claws o'erlaid with gold.
But Nisus cried: “If such a gift be found
for less than victory, and men who fall
are worthy so much sorrow, pray, what prize
shall Nisus have? For surely I had won
the proudest of the garlands, if one stroke
of inauspicious fortune had not fallen
on Salius and me.” So saying, he showed
his smeared face and his sorry limbs befouled
with mire and slime. Then laughed the gracious sire,
and bade a shield be brought, the cunning work
of Didymaon, which the Greeks tore down
from Neptune's temple; with this noble gift
he sent the high-born youth upon his way.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Theodore C. Williams (1910). Original text: J. B. Greenough (ed.), The Bucolics, Aeneid, and Georgics of Virgil, Boston: Ginn and Company, 1881 (Latin text as digitised by Perseus); English: Theodore C. Williams, The Aeneid of Virgil, Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1910.

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.