Ovid · Metamorphoses Metamorphoses

Ovid, Metamorphoses 7.658–791: Cephalus and Procris

Cephalus tells how he married Procris, and how Eos (Aurora), the goddess of dawn, saw him on Mount Hymettus and fell in love with him. She tried to part him from Procris by suggesting that his wife might not be true, and Cephalus, disguised, tests her and tempts her with gifts. Procris yields, and then flees in shame when he reveals himself, and the two are reconciled after she brings him gifts, a hound and a spear that never miss. The hound, chasing a monstrous fox, is turned to stone with it.

Lines 7.658–791 · 1685 words · click a number to copy its link
658Hi te ad bella pares annis animisque sequentur, cum primum qui te feliciter attulit, eurus” 660(eurus enim attulerat) “fuerit mutatus in austros.” Talibus atque aliis longum sermonibus illi implevere diem. Lucis pars ultima mensae est data, nox somnis. Iubar aureus extulerat Sol (flabat adhuc eurus redituraqua vela tenebat): 665ad Cephalum Pallante sati, cui grandior aetas, ad regem Cephalus simul et Pallante creati conveniunt. Sed adhuc regem sopor altus habebat. Excipit Aeacides illos in limine Phocus: nam Telamon fraterque viros ad bella legebant. 670Phocus in interius spatium pulchrosque recessus Cecropidas ducit, cum quis simul ipse resedit. Adspicit Aeoliden ignota ex arbore factum ferre manu iaculum, cuius fuit aurea cuspis. Pauca prius mediis sermonibus ille locutus 675“sum nemorum studiosus” ait “caedisque ferinae: qua tamen e silva teneas hastile recisum, iamdudum dubito. Certe si fraxinus esset, fulva colore foret; si cornus, nodus inesset.

They'll follow you
to any war, well matched in years and courage,
and I do promise, when this east wind turns,
this wind that favored you and brought you here,
and when a south wind favors our design,
then my brave Myrmidons will go with you.”
This narrative and many other tales
had occupied the day. As twilight fell,
festivities were blended in the night—
the night, in turn, afforded sweet repose.
Soon as the golden Sun had shown his light,
the east wind blowing still, the ships were stayed
from sailing home. The sons of Pallas came
to Cephalus, who was the elder called;
and Cephalus together with the sons
of Pallas, went to see the king. Deep sleep
still held the king; and Phocus who was son
of Aeacus, received them at the gate,
instead of Telamon and Peleus who
were marshalling the men for war. Into
the inner court and beautiful apartments
Phocus conducted the Athenians,
and they sat down together. Phocus then
observed that Cephalus held in his hand
a curious javelin with golden head,
and shaft of some rare wood. And as they talked,
he said; “It is my pleasure to explore
the forest in the chase of startled game,
and so I've learned the nature of rare woods,
but never have I seen the match of this
from which was fashioned this good javelin;
it lacks the yellow tint of forest ash,
it is not knotted like all corner-wood;
although I cannot name the kind of wood,
my eyes have never seen a javelin-shaft
so beautiful as this.”

679Unde sit, ignoro. Sed non formosius isto 680viderunt oculi telum iaculabile nostri.” Excipit Actaeis e fratribus alter, et “usum maiorem specie mirabere” dixit “in isto. Consequitur quodcumque petit, fortunaque missum non regit, et revolat nullo referente cruentum.” 685Tum vero iuvenis Nereius omnia quaerit, cur sit et unde datum, quis tanti muneris auctor. Quae petit, ille refert. Sed enim (narrare pudori est !), qua tulerit mercede silet; tactusque dolore coniugis amissae lacrimis ita fatur obortis: 690“Hoc me, nate dea, (quis possit credere?) telum flere facit facietque diu, si vivere nobis fata diu dederint. Hoc me cum coniuge cara perdidit: hoc utinam caruissem munere semper! Procris erat (si forte magis pervenit ad aures 695Orithyia tuas, raptae soror Orithyiae), si faciem moresque velis conferre duarum, dignior ipsa rapi. Pater hanc mihi iunxit Erechtheus, hanc mihi iunxit amor. Felix dicebar eramque.

To him replied
a friend of Cephalus; “But you will find
its beauty is not equal to its worth,
for whatsoever it is aimed against,
its flight is always certain to the mark,
nor is it subject to the shift of chance;
and after it has struck, although no hand
may cast it back, it certainly returns,
bloodstained with every victim.”
Then indeed,
was Phocus anxious to be told, whence came
and who had given such a precious gift.
And Cephalus appeared to tell him all;
but craftily was silent on one strange
condition of the fatal gift. As he
recalled the mournful fate of his dear wife,
his eyes filled up with tears. “Ah, pity me,”
he said, “If Fate should grant me many years,
I must weep every time that I regard
this weapon which has been my cause of tears;
the unforgiven death of my dear wife—
ah, would that I had never handled it!
“My sweet wife, Procris!—if you could compare
her beauty with her sister's—Orithyia's,
(ravished by the blustering Boreas)
you would declare my wife more beautiful.
“'Tis she her sire Erectheus joined to me,
'Tis she the god Love also joined to me.
They called me happy, and in truth I was,
and all pronounced us so until the Gods
decreed it otherwise. Two joyful months
of our united love were almost passed,
when, as the grey light of the dawn dispelled,
upon the summit of Hymettus green,
Aurora, glorious in her golden robes,
observed me busy with encircling nets,
trapping the antlered deer.
“Against my will
incited by desire, she carried me
away with her.

699Non ita dis visum est, aut nunc quoque forsitan essem. 700Alter agebatur post sacra iugalia mensis, cum me cornigeris tendentem retia cervis vertice de summo semper florentis Hymetti lutea mane videt pulsis Aurora tenebris invitumque rapit. Liceat mihi vera referre 705pace deae. Quod sit roseo spectabilis ore, quod teneat lucis, teneat confinia noctis, nectareis quod alatur aquis, ego —Procrin amabam: pectore Procris erat, Procris mihi semper in ore. Sacra tori coitusque novos thalamosque recentes 710primaque deserti referebam foedera lecti. Mota dea est et “siste tuas, ingrate, querellas: Procrin habe!” dixit. “Quodsi mea provida mens est, non habuisse voles.” Meque illi irata remisit. Dum redeo mecumque deae memorata retracto, 715esse metus coepit, ne iura iugalia coniunx non bene servasset. Facies aetasque iubebat credere adulterium; prohibebant credere mores.

Oh, let me not increase
her anger, for I tell you what is true,
I found no comfort in her lovely face!
And, though she is the very queen of light,
and reigns upon the edge of shadowy space
where she is nourished on rich nectar-wine,
adding delight to beauty, I could give
no heed to her entreaties, for the thought
of my beloved Procris intervened;
and only her sweet name was on my lips.
“I told Aurora of our wedding joys
and all refreshing joys of love — and my
first union of my couch deserted now:
“Enraged against me, then the goddess said:
‘Keep to your Procris, I but trouble you,
ungrateful clown! but, if you can be warned,
you will no longer wish for her!’ And so,
in anger, she returned me to my wife.
“Alas, as I retraced the weary way,
long-brooding over all Aurora said,
suspicion made me doubtful of my wife,
so faithful and so fair.—But many things
reminding me of steadfast virtue, I
suppressed all doubts; until the dreadful thought
of my long absence filled my jealous mind:
from which I argued to the criminal
advances of Aurora; for if she,
so lovely in appearance, did conceal
such passion in the garb of innocence
until the moment of temptation, how
could I be certain of the purity
of even the strongest when the best are frail?
“So brooding—every effort I devised
to cause my own undoing.

718Sed tamen afueram, sed et haec erat unde redibam, criminis exemplum, sed cuncta timemus amantes. 720Quaerere quod doleam statuo donisque pudicam sollicitare fidem. Favet huic Aurora timori inmutatque meam (videor sensisse) figuram. Palladias ineo non cognoscendus Athenas ingrediorque domum. Culpa domus ipsa carebat 725castaque signa dabat dominoque erat anxia rapto: vix aditus per mille dolos ad Erechthida factus. Ut vidi, obstipui meditataque paene reliqui temptamenta fide. Male me, quin vera faterer, continui, male, quin, ut oportuit, oscula ferrem. 730Tristis erat (sed nulla tamen formosior illa esse potest tristi) desiderioque calebat coniugis abrepti. Tu conlige, qualis in illa, Phoce, decor fuerit, quam sic dolor ipse decebat. Quid referam, quotiens temptamina nostra pudici 735reppulerint mores, quotiens “ego” dixerit “uni servor; ubicumque est, uni mea gaudia servo!” Cui non ista fide satis experientia sano magna foret? Non sum contentus et in mea pugno vulnera, dum census dare me pro nocte loquendo 740muneraque augendo tandem dubitare coegi.

By the means
of bribing presents, favored by disguise,
I sought to win her guarded chastity.
Aurora had disguised me, and her guile
determined me to work in subtle snares.
“Unknown to all my friends, I paced the streets
of sacred Athens till I reached my home.
I hoped to search out evidence of guilt:
but everything seemed waiting my return;
and all the household breathed an air of grief.
“With difficulty I, disguised, obtained
an entrance to her presence by the use
of artifices many: and when I
there saw her, silent in her grief,—amazed,
my heart no longer prompted me to test
such constant love. An infinite desire
took hold upon me. I could scarce restrain
an impulse to caress and kiss her. Pale
with grief that I was gone, her lovely face
in sorrow was more beautiful—the world
has not another so divinely fair.
“Ah, Phocus, it is wonderful to think
of beauty so surpassing fair it seems
more lovable in sorrow! Why relate
to you how often she repulsed my feigned
attempts upon her virtue? To each plea
she said: ‘I serve one man: no matter where
he may be I will keep my love for one.’
“Who but a man insane with jealousy,
would doubt the virtue of a loving wife,
when tempted by the most insidious wiles,
whose hallowed honor was her husband's love?
But I, not satisfied with proof complete,
would not abandon my depraved desire
to poison the pure fountain I should guard;—
increasing my temptations, I caused her
to hesitate, and covet a rich gift.
“Then, angered at my own success I said,
discarding all disguise, ‘Behold the man
whose lavish promise has established proof,
the witness of your shameful treachery;
your absent husband has returned to this!’

741Exclamo: “Male (fictor adest !), male fictus adulter verus eram coniunx! me, perfida, teste teneris!” Illa nihil. Tacito tantummodo victa pudore insidiosa malo cum coniuge limina fugit; 745offensaque mei genus omne perosa virorum montibus errabat, studiis operata Dianae. Tum mihi deserto violentior ignis ad ossa pervenit. Orabam veniam et peccasse fatebar et potuisse datis simili succumbere culpae 750me quoque muneribus, si munera tanta darentur. Haec mihi confesso, laesum prius ulta pudorem, redditur et dulces concorditer exigit annos. Dat mihi praeterea, tamquam se parva dedisset dona, canem munus, quem cum sua traderet illi 755Cynthia, “currendo superabit” dixerat “omnes.” Dat simul et iaculum, manibus quod (cernis) habemus. Muneris alterius quae sit fortuna, requiris? Accipe mirandum: novitate movebere facti. Carmina Laiades non intellecta priorum 760solverat ingeniis, et praecipitata iacebat inmemor ambagum vates obscura suarum.

“Unable to endure a ruined home,
where desecration held her sin to view,
despairing and in silent shame she fled;
and I, the author of that wickedness
ran after: but enraged at my deceit
and hating all mankind, she wandered far
in wildest mountains; hunting the wild game.
“I grieved at her desertion; and the fires
of my neglected love consumed my health;
with greater violence my love increased,
until unable to endure such pain,
I begged forgiveness and acknowledged fault:
nor hesitated to declare that I
might yield, the same way tempted, if such great
gifts had been offered to me. When I had made
abject confession and she had avenged
her outraged feelings, she came back to me
and we spent golden years in harmony.
“She gave to me the hound she fondly loved,
the very one Diana gave to her
when lovingly the goddess had declared,
‘This hound all others shall excel in speed.’
Nor was that gift the only one was given
by kind Diana when my wife was hers,
as you may guess—this javelin I hold forth,
no other but a goddess could bestow.
“Would you be told the story of both gifts
attend my words and you shall be amazed,
for never such another sad event
has added sorrow to the grieving world.
“After the son of Laius,—Oedipus,—
had solved the riddle of the monster-sphinx,
so often baffling to the wits of men,
and after she had fallen from her hill,
mangled, forgetful of her riddling craft;
not unrevenged the mighty Themis brooked
her loss.

763Protinus Aoniis inmittitur altera Thebis pestis, et exitio multi pecorumque suoque 765rurigenae pavere feram. Vicina iuventus venimus et latos indagine cinximus agros. Illa levi velox superabat retia saltu summaque transibat positarum lina plagarum. Copula detrahitur canibus: quos illa sequentes 770effugit et celeri non segnior alite ludit. Poscor et ipse meum consensu Laelapa magno (muneris hoc nomen). Iamdudum vincula pugnat exuere ipse sibi colloque morantia tendit. Vix bene missus erat, nec iam poteramus, ubi esset, 775scire. Pedum calidus vestigia pulvis habebat, ipse oculis ereptus erat. Non ocior illo hasta nec exutae contorto verbere glandes, nec Gortyniaco calamus levis exit ab arcu. Collis apex medii subiectis inminet arvis: 780tollor eo capioque novi spectacula cursus, quo modo deprendi, modo se subducere ab ipso vulnere visa fera est. Nec limite callida recto in spatiumque fugit, sed decipit ora sequentis et redit in gyrum, ne sit suus impetus hosti. 785Inminet hic sequiturque parem similisque tenenti non tenet et vanos exercet in aera morsus. Ad iaculi vertebar opem. Quod dextera librat dum mea, dum digitos amentis addere tempto, lumina deflexi. Revocataque rursus eodem 790rettuleram: in medio (mirum) duo marmora campo adspicio: fugere hoc, illud captare putares.

Without delay that goddess raised
another savage beast to ravage Thebes,
by which the farmer's cattle were devoured,
the land was ruined and its people slain.
“Then all the valiant young men of the realm,
with whom I also went, enclosed the field
(where lurked the monster) in a mesh
of many tangled nets: but not a strand
could stay its onrush, and it leaped the crest
of every barrier where the toils were set.
“Already they had urged their eager dogs,
which swiftly as a bird it left behind,
eluding all the hunters as it fled.
“At last all begged me to let slip the leash
of straining Tempest; such I called the hound,
my dear wife's present. As he tugged and pulled
upon the tightened cords, I let them slip:
no sooner done, then he was lost to sight;
although, wherever struck his rapid feet
the hot dust whirled. Not swifter flies the spear,
nor whizzing bullet from the twisted sling,
nor feathered arrow from the twanging bow!
“A high hill jutted from a rolling plain,
on which I mounted to enjoy the sight
of that unequalled chase. One moment caught,
the next as surely free, the wild beast seemed
now here now there, elusive in its flight;
swiftly sped onward, or with sudden turn
doubled in circles to deceive or gain.
With equal speed pursuing at each turn,
the rapid hound could neither gain nor lose.
Now springing forward and now doubling back,
his great speed foiled, he snapped at empty air.
“I then turned to my javelin's aid; and while
I poised it in my right hand, turned away
my gaze a moment as I sought to twine
my practiced fingers in the guiding thongs;
but when again I lifted up my eyes,
to cast the javelin where the monster sped,
I saw two marble statues standing there,
transformed upon the plain. One statue seemed
to strain in attitude of rapid flight,
the other with wide-open jaws was changed,
just in the act of barking and pursuit.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Brookes More (1922). Original text: Hugo Magnus (ed.), Die Metamorphosen des P. Ovidius Naso, Gotha: F. A. Perthes, 1892 (Latin text as digitised by Perseus); English: Brookes More, Ovid's Metamorphoses, Boston: Cornhill Publishing Company, 1922.

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.