Ovid · Metamorphoses Metamorphoses

Ovid, Metamorphoses 7.404–452: Medea and Theseus

Medea becomes the wife of King Aegeus of Athens, and Theseus comes to the court, not yet recognised as the king's son. She brews poison for him, but Aegeus sees the sword that Theseus wears, and knocks the cup from his hand, and Medea escapes in a cloud. Athens celebrates with feasts and prayers for the hero.

Lines 7.404–452 · 522 words · click a number to copy its link
404Iamque aderat Theseus, proles ignara parenti, 405et virtute sua bimarem pacaverat Isthmon. Huius in exitium miscet Medea quod olim attulerat secum Scythicis aconiton ab oris. Illud Echidneae memorant e dentibus ortum esse canis. Specus est tenebroso caecus hiatu, 410est via declivis, per quam Tirynthius heros restantem contraque diem radiosque micantes obliquantem oculos nexis adamante catenis Cerberon abstraxit; rabida qui concitus ira implevit pariter ternis latratibus auras 415et sparsit virides spumis albentibus agros. Has concresse putant nactasque alimenta feracis fecundique soli vires cepisse nocendi. Quae quia nascuntur dura vivacia caute, agrestes aconita vocant. Ea coniugis astu 420ipse parens Aegeus nato porrexit ut hosti. Sumpserat ignara Theseus data pocula dextra, cum pater in capulo gladii cognovit eburno signa sui generis facinusque excussit ab ore.

With added wickedness
Aegeus, after that, united her
to him in marriage.—
All unknown to him
came Theseus to his kingly court.—Before
the time his valor had established peace
on all the isthmus, raved by dual seas.
Medea, seeking his destruction, brewed
the juice of aconite, infesting shores
of Scythia, where, 'tis fabled, the plant grew
on soil infected by Cerberian teeth.
There is a gloomy entrance to a cave,
that follows a declivitous descent:
there Hercules with chains of adamant
dragged from the dreary edge of Tartarus
that monster-watch-dog, Cerberus, which, vain
opposing, turned his eyes aslant from light—
from dazzling day. Delirious, enraged,
that monster shook the air with triple howls;
and, frothing, sprinkled as it raved, the fields,
once green—with spewing of white poison-foam.
And this, converted into plants, sucked up
a deadly venom with the nourishment
of former soils,—from which productive grew
upon the rock, thus formed, the noxious plant;
by rustics, from that cause, named aconite.
Medea worked on Aegeus to present
his own son, Theseus, with a deadly cup
of aconite; prevailing by her art
so that he deemed his son an enemy.
Theseus unwittingly received the cup,
but just before he touched it to his lips,
his father recognized the sword he wore,
for, graven on its ivory hilt was wrought
a known device—the token of his race.

424Effugit illa necem nebulis per carmina motis. 425At genitor, quamquam laetatur sospite nato, attonitus tamen est ingens discrimine parvo committi potuisse nefas. Fovet ignibus aras muneribusque deos implet, feriuntque secures colla torosa boum vinctorum corpora vittis. 430Nullus Erechthidis fertur celebratior illo inluxisse dies. Agitant convivia patres et medium vulgus, nec non et carmina, vino ingenium faciente, canunt: “Te, maxime Theseu, mirata est Marathon Cretaei sanguine tauri; 435quodque suis securus arat Cromyona colonus, munus opusque tuum est. Tellus Epidauria per te clavigeram vidit Vulcani occumbere prolem, vidit et inmitem Cephisias ora Procrusten, Cercyonis letum vidit Cerealis Eleusin. 440Occidit ille Sinis, magnis male viribus usus, qui poterat curvare trabes et agebat ab alto ad terram late sparsuras corpora pinus. Tutus ad Alcathoen, Lelegeia moenia, limes composito Scirone patet, sparsisque latronis 445terra negat sedem, sedem negat ossibus unda; quae iactata diu fertur durasse vetustas in scopulos: scopulis nomen Scironis inhaeret. Si titulos annosque tuos numerare velimus, facta premant annos. Pro te, fortissime, vota 450publica suscipimus, Bacchi tibi sumimus haustus.” Consonat adsensu populi precibusque faventum regia, nec tota tristis locus ullus in urbe est.

Astonished, Aegeus struck the poison-cup
from his devoted son's confiding lips.
Medea suddenly escaped from death,
in a dark whirlwind her witch-singing raised.
Recoiling from such utter wickedness,
rejoicing that his son escaped from death,
the grateful father kindled altar-fires,
and gave rich treasure to the living Gods. —
He slaughtered scores of oxen, decked with flowers
and gilded horns. The sun has never shone
upon a day more famous in that land,
for all the elders and the common folk
united in festivities,—with wine
inspiring wit and song;—“O you,” they sang,
“Immortal Theseus, victory was yours!
Did you not slaughter the huge bull of Crete?
“Yes, you did slay the boar of Cromyon —
where now the peasant unmolested plows;
“And Periphetes, wielder of the club,
was worsted when he struggled with your strength;
“And fierce Procrustes, matched with you
beside the rapid river, met his death;
“And even Cercyon, in Eleusis lost
his wicked life—inferior to your might;
“And Sinis, a monstrosity of strength,
who bent the trunks of trees, and used his might
“Against the world for everything that's wrong.
For evil, he would force down to the earth,
“Pine tops to shoot men's bodies through the air.
Even the road to Megara is safe,
“For you did hurl the robber Scyron,—sheer—
over the cliff. Both land and sea denied
“His bones a resting place—as tossed about
they changed into the cliffs that bear his name.
“How can we tell the number of your deeds,—
deeds glorious, that now exceed your years!
“For you, brave hero, we give public thanks
and prayers; to you we drain our cups of wine!”
And all the palace rings with happy songs,
and with the grateful prayers of all the people.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Brookes More (1922). Original text: Hugo Magnus (ed.), Die Metamorphosen des P. Ovidius Naso, Gotha: F. A. Perthes, 1892 (Latin text as digitised by Perseus); English: Brookes More, Ovid's Metamorphoses, Boston: Cornhill Publishing Company, 1922.

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.