Homer · Odyssey Ὀδύσσεια

Homer, Odyssey 17.492–606: Penelope sends for the stranger

Penelope, hearing that the stranger has been struck, curses Antinous and asks Eumaeus to bring him to her, since he may have news of her husband. Odysseus tells Eumaeus to say that he will talk with her at dusk, when the fire will be kinder to him. Eumaeus returns to the hut after telling Telemachus, and Odysseus remains in the hall.

Lines 17.492–606 · 1231 words · click a number to copy its link
492τοῦ δʼ ὡς οὖν ἤκουσε περίφρων Πηνελόπεια βλημένου ἐν μεγάρῳ, μετʼ ἄρα δμῳῇσιν ἔειπεν· αἴθʼ οὕτως αὐτόν σε βάλοι κλυτότοξος Ἀπόλλων. 495τὴν δʼ αὖτʼ Εὐρυνόμη ταμίη πρὸς μῦθον ἔειπεν· εἰ γὰρ ἐπʼ ἀρῇσιν τέλος ἡμετέρῃσι γένοιτο· οὐκ ἄν τις τούτων γε ἐΰθρονον Ἠῶ ἵκοιτο. τὴν δʼ αὖτε προσέειπε περίφρων Πηνελόπεια· μαῖʼ, ἐχθροὶ μὲν πάντες, ἐπεὶ κακὰ μηχανόωνται· 500Ἀντίνοος δὲ μάλιστα μελαίνῃ κηρὶ ἔοικε. ξεῖνός τις δύστηνος ἀλητεύει κατὰ δῶμα ἀνέρας αἰτίζων· ἀχρημοσύνη γὰρ ἀνώγει· ἔνθʼ ἄλλοι μὲν πάντες ἐνέπλησάν τʼ ἔδοσάν τε, οὗτος δὲ θρήνυι πρυμνὸν βάλε δεξιὸν ὦμον. 505ἡ μὲν ἄρʼ ὣς ἀγόρευε μετὰ δμῳῇσι γυναιξίν, ἡμένη ἐν θαλάμῳ· ὁ δʼ ἐδείπνεε δῖος Ὀδυσσεύς· ἡ δʼ ἐπὶ οἷ καλέσασα προσηύδα δῖον ὑφορβόν· ἔρχεο, δῖʼ Εὔμαιε, κιὼν τὸν ξεῖνον ἄνωχθι ἐλθέμεν, ὄφρα τί μιν προσπτύξομαι ἠδʼ ἐρέωμαι 510εἴ που Ὀδυσσῆος ταλασίφρονος ἠὲ πέπυσται ἢ ἴδεν ὀφθαλμοῖσι· πολυπλάγκτῳ γὰρ ἔοικε.

Howbeit when wise Penelope heard of the man's being smitten in the hall, she spoke among her handmaids, and said: “Even so may thine own self be smitten by the famed archer Apollo.” And again the housewife Eurynome said to her: “Would that fulfillment might be granted to our prayers. So should not one of these men come to the fair-throned Dawn.” And wise Penelope answered her: “Nurse, enemies are they all, for they devise evil. But Antinous more than all is like black fate. Some wretched stranger roams through the house, begging alms of the men, for want compels him, and all the others filled his wallet and gave him gifts, but Antinous flung a footstool and smote him at the base of the right shoulder.” So she spoke among her handmaids, sitting in her chamber, while goodly Odysseus was at meat. Then she called to her the goodly swineherd, and said: “Go, goodly Eumaeus, and bid the stranger come hither, that I may give him greeting, and ask him if haply he has heard of Odysseus of the steadfast heart, or has seen him with his eyes. He seems like one that has wandered far.”

512τὴν δʼ ἀπαμειβόμενος προσέφης, Εὔμαιε συβῶτα εἰ γάρ τοι, βασίλεια, σιωπήσειαν Ἀχαιοί· οἷʼ ὅ γε μυθεῖται, θέλγοιτό κέ τοι φίλον ἦτορ. 515τρεῖς γὰρ δή μιν νύκτας ἔχον, τρία δʼ ἤματʼ ἔρυξα ἐν κλισίῃ· πρῶτον γὰρ ἔμʼ ἵκετο νηὸς ἀποδράς· ἀλλʼ οὔ πω κακότητα διήνυσεν ἣν ἀγορεύων. ὡς δʼ ὅτʼ ἀοιδὸν ἀνὴρ ποτιδέρκεται, ὅς τε θεῶν ἒξ ἀείδει δεδαὼς ἔπεʼ ἱμερόεντα βροτοῖσι, 520τοῦ δʼ ἄμοτον μεμάασιν ἀκουέμεν, ὁππότʼ ἀείδῃ· ὣς ἐμὲ κεῖνος ἔθελγε παρήμενος ἐν μεγάροισι. φησὶ δʼ Ὀδυσσῆος ξεῖνος πατρώϊος εἶναι, Κρήτῃ ναιετάων, ὅθι Μίνωος γένος ἐστίν. ἔνθεν δὴ νῦν δεῦρο τόδʼ ἵκετο πήματα πάσχων, 525προπροκυλινδόμενος· στεῦται δʼ Ὀδυσῆος ἀκοῦσαι, ἀγχοῦ, Θεσπρωτῶν ἀνδρῶν ἐν πίονι δήμῳ, ζωοῦ· πολλὰ δʼ ἄγει κειμήλια ὅνδε δόμονδε. τὸν δʼ αὖτε προσέειπε περίφρων Πηνελόπεια· ἔρχεο, δεῦρο κάλεσσον, ἵνʼ ἀντίον αὐτὸς ἐνίσπῃ. 530οὗτοι δʼ ἠὲ θύρῃσι καθήμενοι ἑψιαάσθων. ἢ αὐτοῦ κατὰ δώματʼ, ἐπεί σφισι θυμὸς ἐΰφρων.

To her, then, swineherd Eumaeus, didst thou make answer, and say: “I would, O queen, that the Achaeans would keep silence, for he speaks such words as would charm thy very soul. Three nights I had him by me, and three days I kept him in my hut, for to me first he came when he fled by stealth from a ship, but he had not yet ended the tale of his sufferings. Even as when a man gazes upon a minstrel who sings to mortals songs of longing that the gods have taught him, and their desire to hear him has no end, whensoever he sings, even so he charmed me as he sat in my hall. He says that he is an ancestral friend of Odysseus, and that he dwells in Crete, where is the race of Minos. From thence has he now come on this journey hither, ever suffering woes as he wanders on and on. And he insists that he has heard tidings of Odysseus, near at hand in the rich land of the Thesprotians and yet alive; and he is bringing many treasures to his home.” Then wise Penelope answered him: “Go, call him hither, that he may himself tell me to my face. But as for these men, let them make sport as they sit in the doorway or here in the house, since their hearts are merry.

532αὐτῶν μὲν γὰρ κτήματʼ ἀκήρατα κεῖτʼ ἐνὶ οἴκῳ, σῖτος καὶ μέθυ ἡδύ· τὰ μὲν οἰκῆες ἔδουσιν, οἱ δʼ εἰς ἡμέτερον πωλεύμενοι ἤματα πάντα, 535βοῦς ἱερεύοντες καὶ ὄϊς καὶ πίονας αἶγας, εἰλαπινάζουσιν πίνουσί τε αἴθοπα οἶνον, μαψιδίως· τὰ δὲ πολλὰ κατάνεται. οὐ γὰρ ἔπʼ ἀνήρ, οἷος Ὀδυσσεὺς ἔσκεν, ἀρὴν ἀπὸ οἴκου ἀμῦναι. εἰ δʼ Ὀδυσεὺς ἔλθοι καὶ ἵκοιτʼ ἐς πατρίδα γαῖαν, 540αἶψά κε σὺν ᾧ παιδὶ βίας ἀποτίσεται ἀνδρῶν. ὣς φάτο, Τηλέμαχος δὲ μέγʼ ἔπταρεν, ἀμφὶ δὲ δῶμα σμερδαλέον κονάβησε· γέλασσε δὲ Πηνελόπεια, αἶψα δʼ ἄρʼ Εὔμαιον ἔπεα πτερόεντα προσηύδα· ἔρχεό μοι, τὸν ξεῖνον ἐναντίον ὧδε κάλεσσον. 545οὐχ ὁράᾳς ὅ μοι υἱὸς ἐπέπταρε πᾶσιν ἔπεσσι; τῷ κε καὶ οὐκ ἀτελὴς θάνατος μνηστῆρσι γένοιτο πᾶσι μάλʼ, οὐδέ κέ τις θάνατον καὶ κῆρας ἀλύξει. ἄλλο δέ τοι ἐρέω, σὺ δʼ ἐνὶ φρεσὶ βάλλεο σῇσιν· αἴ κʼ αὐτὸν γνώω νημερτέα πάντʼ ἐνέποντα, 550ἕσσω μιν χλαῖνάν τε χιτῶνά τε, εἵματα καλά.

For their own possessions lie untouched in their homes, bread and sweet wine, and on these do their servants feed. But themselves throng our house day after day, slaying our oxen, and sheep, and fat goats, and keep revel and drink the flaming wine recklessly, and havoc is made of all this wealth, for there is no man here such as Odysseus was to keep ruin from the house. But if Odysseus should come and return to his native land, straightway would he with his son take vengeance on these men for their violent deeds.” So she spoke, and Telemachus sneezed loudly, and all the room round about echoed wondrously. And Penelope laughed, and straightway spoke to Eumaeus winged words: “Go, pray, call the stranger here before me. Dost thou not note that my son has sneezed at all my words. Therefore shall utter death fall upon the wooers one and all, nor shall one of them escape death and the fates. And another thing will I tell thee, and do thou lay it to heart. If I find that he speaks all things truly, I will clothe him in a cloak and tunic, fair raiment.”

551ὣς φάτο, βῆ δὲ συφορβός, ἐπεὶ τὸν μῦθον ἄκουσεν· ἀγχοῦ δʼ ἱστάμενος ἔπεα πτερόεντα προσηύδα· ξεῖνε πάτερ, καλέει σε περίφρων Πηνελόπεια, μήτηρ Τηλεμάχοιο· μεταλλῆσαί τί ἑ θυμὸς 555ἀμφὶ πόσει κέλεται, καὶ κήδεά περ πεπαθυίῃ. εἰ δέ κέ σε γνώῃ νημερτέα πάντʼ ἐνέποντα, ἕσσει σε χλαῖνάν τε χιτῶνά τε, τῶν σὺ μάλιστα χρηΐζεις· σῖτον δὲ καὶ αἰτίζων κατὰ δῆμον γαστέρα βοσκήσεις· δώσει δέ τοι ὅς κʼ ἐθέλῃσι. 560τὸν δʼ αὖτε προσέειπε πολύτλας δῖος Ὀδυσσεύς· Εὔμαιʼ, αἶψά κʼ ἐγὼ νημερτέα πάντʼ ἐνέποιμι κούρῃ Ἰκαρίοιο, περίφρονι Πηνελοπείῃ· οἶδα γὰρ εὖ περὶ κείνου, ὁμὴν δʼ ἀνεδέγμεθʼ ὀϊζύν. ἀλλὰ μνηστήρων χαλεπῶν ὑποδείδιʼ ὅμιλον, 565τῶν ὕβρις τε βίη τε σιδήρεον οὐρανὸν ἵκει. καὶ γὰρ νῦν, ὅτε μʼ οὗτος ἀνὴρ κατὰ δῶμα κιόντα οὔ τι κακὸν ῥέξαντα βαλὼν ὀδύνῃσιν ἔδωκεν, οὔτε τι Τηλέμαχος τό γʼ ἐπήρκεσεν οὔτε τις ἄλλος.

So she spoke, and the swineherd went when he had heard this saying; and coming up to Odysseus he spoke to him winged words: “Sir stranger, wise Penelope calls for thee, the mother of Telemachus, and her heart bids her make enquiry about her husband, though she has suffered many woes. And if she finds that thou speakest all things truly, she will clothe thee in a cloak and tunic, which thou needest most of all. As for thy food, thou shalt beg it through the land, and feed thy belly, and whoso will shall give it thee.” Then the much-enduring goodly Odysseus answered him: “Eumaeus, soon will I tell all the truth to the daughter of Icarius, wise Penelope. For well do I know of Odysseus, and in common have we borne affliction. But I have fear of this throng of harsh wooers, whose wantonness and violence reach the iron heaven. For even now, when, as I was going through the hall doing no evil, this man struck me and hurt me, neither Telemachus nor any other did aught to ward off the blow.

569τῷ νῦν Πηνελόπειαν ἐνὶ μεγάροισιν ἄνωχθι 570μεῖναι, ἐπειγομένην περ, ἐς ἠέλιον καταδύντα· καὶ τότε μʼ εἰρέσθω πόσιος πέρι νόστιμον ἦμαρ, ἀσσοτέρω καθίσασα παραὶ πυρί· εἵματα γάρ τοι λύγρʼ ἔχω· οἶσθα καὶ αὐτός, ἐπεί σε πρῶθʼ ἱκέτευσα. ὣς φάτο, βῆ δὲ συφορβός, ἐπεὶ τὸν μῦθον ἄκουσε. 575τὸν δʼ ὑπὲρ οὐδοῦ βάντα προσηύδα Πηνελόπεια· οὐ σύ γʼ ἄγεις, Εὔμαιε· τί τοῦτʼ ἐνόησεν ἀλήτης; ἦ τινά που δείσας ἐξαίσιον ἦε καὶ ἄλλως αἰδεῖται κατὰ δῶμα; κακὸς δʼ αἰδοῖος ἀλήτης. τὴν δʼ ἀπαμειβόμενος προσέφης, Εὔμαιε συβῶτα· 580μυθεῖται κατὰ μοῖραν, ἅ πέρ κʼ οἴοιτο καὶ ἄλλος, ὕβριν ἀλυσκάζων ἀνδρῶν ὑπερηνορεόντων. ἀλλά σε μεῖναι ἄνωγεν ἐς ἠέλιον καταδύντα. καὶ δὲ σοὶ ὧδʼ αὐτῇ πολὺ κάλλιον, ὦ βασίλεια, οἴην πρὸς ξεῖνον φάσθαι ἔπος ἠδʼ ἐπακοῦσαι. 585τὸν δʼ αὖτε προσέειπε περίφρων Πηνελόπεια· οὐκ ἄφρων ὁ ξεῖνος· ὀΐεται, ὥς περ ἂν εἴη· οὐ γάρ πού τινες ὧδε καταθνητῶν ἀνθρώπων ἀνέρες ὑβρίζοντες ἀτάσθαλα μηχανόωνται.

Wherefore now bid Penelope to wait in the halls, eager though she be, till set of sun; and then let her ask me of her husband regarding the day of his return, giving me a seat nearer the fire, for lo, the raiment that I wear is mean, and this thou knowest of thyself, for to thee first did I make my prayer.” So he spoke, and the swineherd went when he had heard this saying. And as he passed over the threshold Penelope said to him: “Thou dost not bring him, Eumaeus. What does the wanderer mean by this? Does he fear some one beyond measure, or does he idly feel ashamed in the house? 'Tis ill for a beggar to feel shame.” To her, then, swineherd Eumaeus, didst thou make answer and say: “He speaks rightly, even as any other man would deem, in seeking to shun the insolence of overweening men. But he bids thee to wait till set of sun. And for thyself, too, it is far more seemly, O queen, to speak to the stranger alone, and to hear his words.” Then wise Penelope answered him: “Not without wisdom is the stranger; he divines how it may be. There are no mortal men, methinks, who in wantonness devise such wicked folly as these.”

589ἡ μὲν ἄρʼ ὣς ἀγόρευεν, ὁ δʼ ᾤχετο δῖος ὑφορβὸς 590μνηστήρων ἐς ὅμιλον, ἐπεὶ διεπέφραδε πάντα. αἶψα δὲ Τηλέμαχον ἔπεα πτερόεντα προσηύδα, ἄγχι σχὼν κεφαλήν, ἵνα μὴ πευθοίαθʼ οἱ ἄλλοι· ὦ φίλʼ, ἐγὼ μὲν ἄπειμι, σύας καὶ κεῖνα φυλάξων, σὸν καὶ ἐμὸν βίοτον· σοὶ δʼ ἐνθάδε πάντα μελόντων. 595αὐτὸν μέν σε πρῶτα σάω, καὶ φράζεο θυμῷ μή τι πάθῃς· πολλοὶ δὲ κακὰ φρονέουσιν Ἀχαιῶν, τοὺς Ζεὺς ἐξολέσειε πρὶν ἡμῖν πῆμα γενέσθαι. τὸν δʼ αὖ Τηλέμαχος πεπνυμένος ἀντίον ηὔδα· ἔσσεται οὕτως, ἄττα· σὺ δʼ ἔρχεο δειελιήσας· 600ἠῶθεν δʼ ἰέναι καὶ ἄγειν ἱερήϊα καλά· αὐτὰρ ἐμοὶ τάδε πάντα καὶ ἀθανάτοισι μελήσει. ὣς φάθʼ, ὁ δʼ αὖτις ἄρʼ ἕζετʼ ἐϋξέστου ἐπὶ δίφρου, πλησάμενος δʼ ἄρα θυμὸν ἐδητύος ἠδὲ ποτῆτος βῆ ῥʼ ἴμεναι μεθʼ ὕας, λίπε δʼ ἕρκεά τε μέγαρόν τε, 605πλεῖον δαιτυμόνων· οἱ δʼ ὀρχηστυῖ καὶ ἀοιδῇ τέρποντʼ· ἤδη γὰρ καὶ ἐπήλυθε δείελον ἦμαρ.

So she spoke, and the goodly swineherd departed into the throng of the wooers when he had told her all. And straightway he spoke winged words to Telemachus, holding his head close to him that the others might not hear: “Friend, I am going forth to guard the swine and all things there, thy livelihood and mine; but have thou charge of all things here. Thine own self do thou keep safe first of all, and let thy mind beware lest some ill befall thee, for many of the Achaeans are devising evil, whom may Zeus utterly destroy before harm fall on us.” Then wise Telemachus answered him: “So shall it be, father; go thy way when thou hast supped. And in the morning do thou come and bring goodly victims. But all matters here shall be a care to me and to the immortals.” So he spoke, and the swineherd sat down again on the polished chair. But when he had satisfied his heart with meat and drink, he went his way to the swine, and left the courts and the hall full of banqueters. And they were making merry with dance and song, for evening had now come on.

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English translation by Augustus Taber Murray (1919). Original text: Augustus Taber Murray (ed.), Homer, The Odyssey, Loeb Classical Library, London: Heinemann; New York: Putnam, 1919, vols. 1-2 (Greek text, based on the Oxford Classical Text, and English translation, as digitised by Perseus).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.