Euripides · Suppliants Ἱκέτιδες

Euripides, Suppliants 286–333: First episode: Aethra persuades Theseus to help the suppliants

Theseus asks his mother why she weeps, and Aethra says that she will not keep silent. She reminds him that he has the duty to protect the gods' laws, that the Thebans are doing wrong in refusing burial, and that Athens has always used its strength for the weak.

Lines 286–333 · 457 words · click a number to copy its link
Θησεύς 286μῆτερ, τί κλαίεις λέπτʼ ἐπʼ ὀμμάτων φάρη βαλοῦσα τῶν σῶν; ἆρα δυστήνους γόους κλύουσα τῶνδε; κἀμὲ γὰρ διῆλθέ τι. ἔπαιρε λευκὸν κρᾶτα, μὴ δακρυρρόει 290σεμναῖσι Δηοῦς ἐσχάραις παρημένη. Αἴθρα αἰαῖ. Θησεύς τὰ τούτων οὐχὶ σοὶ στενακτέον. Αἴθρα ὦ τλήμονες γυναῖκες. Θησεύς οὐ σὺ τῶνδʼ ἔφυς. Αἴθρα εἴπω τι, τέκνον, σοί τε καὶ πόλει καλόν; Θησεύς ὡς πολλά γʼ ἐστὶ κἀπὸ θηλειῶν σοφά. Αἴθρα 295ἀλλʼ εἰς ὄκνον μοι μῦθος ὃν κεύθω φέρει. Θησεύς αἰσχρόν γʼ ἔλεξας, χρήστʼ ἔπη κρύπτειν φίλοις. Αἴθρα οὔτοι σιωπῶσʼ εἶτα μέμψομαί ποτε τὴν νῦν σιωπὴν ὡς ἐσιγήθη κακῶς, οὐδʼ ὡς ἀχρεῖον τὰς γυναῖκας εὖ λέγειν 300δείσασʼ ἀφήσω τῷ φόβῳ τοὐμὸν καλόν. ἐγὼ δέ σʼ, ὦ παῖ, πρῶτα μὲν τὰ τῶν θεῶν σκοπεῖν κελεύω μὴ σφαλῇς ἀτιμάσας· τἄλλʼ εὖ φρονῶν γάρ, ἐν μόνῳ τούτῳ ʼσφάλης. πρὸς τοῖσδε δʼ, εἰ μὲν μὴ ἀδικουμένοις ἐχρῆν 305τολμηρὸν εἶναι, κάρτʼ ἂν εἶχον ἡσύχως· νῦν δʼ ἴσθι σοί τε τοῦθʼ ὅσην τιμὴν φέρει, κἀμοὶ παραινεῖν οὐ φόβον φέρει, τέκνον, ἄνδρας βιαίους καὶ κατείργοντας νεκροὺς τάφου τε μοίρας καὶ κτερισμάτων λαχεῖν 310ἐς τήνδʼ ἀνάγκην σῇ καταστῆσαι χερί, νόμιμά τε πάσης συγχέοντας Ἑλλάδος παῦσαι· τὸ γάρ τοι συνέχον ἀνθρώπων πόλεις τοῦτʼ ἔσθʼ, ὅταν τις τοὺς νόμους σῴζῃ καλῶς. ἐρεῖ δὲ δή τις ὡς ἀνανδρίᾳ χερῶν, 315πόλει παρόν σοι στέφανον εὐκλείας λαβεῖν, δείσας ἀπέστης, καὶ συὸς μὲν ἀγρίου ἀγῶνος ἥψω φαῦλον ἀθλήσας πόνον, οὗ δʼ ἐς κράνος βλέψαντα καὶ λόγχης ἀκμὴν χρῆν ἐκπονῆσαι, δειλὸς ὢν ἐφηυρέθης. 320μὴ δῆτʼ ἐμός γʼ ὤν, ὦ τέκνον, δράσῃς τάδε. ὁρᾷς, ἄβουλος ὡς κεκερτομημένη τοῖς κερτομοῦσι γοργὸν ὄμμʼ ἀναβλέπει σὴ πατρίς; ἐν γὰρ τοῖς πόνοισιν αὔξεται· αἱ δʼ ἥσυχοι σκοτεινὰ πράσσουσαι πόλεις 325σκοτεινὰ καὶ βλέπουσιν εὐλαβούμεναι. οὐκ εἶ νεκροῖσι καὶ γυναιξὶν ἀθλίαις προσωφελήσων, ὦ τέκνον, κεχρημέναις; ὡς οὔτε ταρβῶ σὺν δίκῃ σʼ ὁρμώμενον, Κάδμου θʼ ὁρῶσα λαὸν εὖ πεπραγότα, 330ἔτʼ αὐτὸν ἄλλα βλήματʼ ἐν κύβοις βαλεῖν πέποιθʼ· ὁ γὰρ θεὸς πάντʼ ἀναστρέφει πάλιν. Χορός ὦ φιλτάτη μοι, τῷδέ τʼ εἴρηκας καλῶς κἀμοί· διπλοῦν δὲ χάρμα γίγνεται τόδε.

Theseus Mother mine, why weepest thou, drawing o’er thine eyes thy veil? Is it because thou didst hear their piteous lamentations? To my own heart it goes. Raise thy silvered head, weep not where thou sittest at the holy altar of Demeter.

Aethra Ah woe!

Theseus ’Tis not for thee their sorrows to lament.

Aethra Ye hapless dames!

Theseus Thou art not of their company.

Aethra May I a scheme declare, my son, that shall add to thy glory and the state’s?

Theseus Yea, for oft even from women’s lips issue wise counsels.

Aethra Yet the word, that lurks within my heart, makes me hesitate.

Theseus Shame! to hide from friends good counsel.

Aethra Nay then, I will not hold my peace to blame myself hereafter for having now kept silence to my shame, nor will I forego my honourable proposal, from the common fear that it is useless for women to give good advice. First, my son, I exhort thee give good heed to heaven’s will, lest from slighting it thou suffer shipwreck; Further, I would have patiently endured, had it not been my duty to venture somewhat for injured folk; and this, my son, it is that brings thee now thy honour, and causes me no fear to urge that thou shouldst use thy power to make men of violence, who prevent the dead from receiving their meed of burial and funeral rites, perform this bounden duty, and check those who would confound the customs of all Hellas; for this it is that holds men’s states together,—strict observance of the laws. And some, no doubt, will say, ’twas cowardice made thee stand aloof in terror, when thou mightest have won for thy city a crown of glory, and, though thou didst encounter a savage swine, labouring for a sorry task, yet when the time came for thee to face the helmet and pointed spear, and do thy best, thou wert found to be a coward. Nay! do not so if thou be son of mine. Dost see how fiercely thy country looks on its revilers when they mock her for want of counsel? Yea, for in her toils she groweth greater. But states, whose policy is dark and cautious, have their sight darkened by their carefulness. My son, wilt thou not go succour the dead and these poor women in their need? I have no fears for thee, starting as thou dost with right upon thy side; and although I see the prosperity of Cadmus’ folk, still am I confident they will throw a different die; for the deity reverses all things again.

Chorus Ah! best of friends, right well hast thou pleaded for me and for Adrastus, and hence my joy is doubled.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Edward P. Coleridge (1891). Original text: Greek text: Gilbert Murray (ed.), Euripidis Fabulae, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1913, as digitised by Perseus. English: Edward P. Coleridge, The Plays of Euripides, London: George Bell and Sons, first published 1891 (Bohn's Classical Library; the Perseus header records a later printing).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.