Euripides · Suppliants Ἱκέτιδες

Euripides, Suppliants 731–777: Third episode: Adrastus hears the end of the battle

The Chorus says that now it believes in the gods after this unexpected day. Adrastus asks why men boast of wisdom, since all depends on Zeus, and says that Argos was sure that it was unconquerable. The Messenger tells how Theseus, having beaten the Thebans, did not enter the city, since he had come to claim the dead and not to sack Thebes, and Adrastus says that it is vain to weep.

Lines 731–777 · 483 words · click a number to copy its link
Χορός 731νῦν τήνδʼ ἄελπτον ἡμέραν ἰδοῦσʼ ἐγὼ θεοὺς νομίζω, καὶ δοκῶ τῆς συμφορᾶς ἔχειν ἔλασσον, τῶνδε τεισάντων δίκην. Ἄδραστος ὦ Ζεῦ, τί δῆτα τοὺς ταλαιπώρους βροτοὺς 735φρονεῖν λέγουσι; σοῦ γὰρ ἐξηρτήμεθα δρῶμέν τε τοιαῦθʼ ἃν σὺ τυγχάνῃς θέλων. ἡμῖν γὰρ ἦν τό τʼ Ἄργος οὐχ ὑποστατόν, αὐτοί τε πολλοὶ καὶ νέοι βραχίοσιν· Ἐτεοκλέους τε σύμβασιν ποιουμένου, 740μέτρια θέλοντος, οὐκ ἐχρῄζομεν λαβεῖν, κἄπειτʼ ἀπωλόμεσθα. ὁ δʼ αὖ τότʼ εὐτυχής, λαβὼν πένης ὣς ἀρτίπλουτα χρήματα, ὕβριζʼ, ὑβρίζων τʼ αὖθις ἀνταπώλετο Κάδμου κακόφρων λαός. ὦ καιροῦ πέρα 745τὸ τόξον ἐντείνοντες· ὦ κενοὶ βροτῶν, καὶ πρὸς δίκης γε πολλὰ πάσχοντες κακά, φίλοις μὲν οὐ πείθεσθε, τοῖς δὲ πράγμασιν· πόλεις τʼ, ἔχουσαι διὰ λόγου κάμψαι κακά, φόνῳ καθαιρεῖσθʼ, οὐ λόγῳ, τὰ πράγματα. 750ἀτὰρ τί ταῦτα; κεῖνο βούλομαι μαθεῖν, πῶς ἐξεσώθης· εἶτα τἄλλʼ ἐρήσομαι. Ἄγγελος ἐπεὶ ταραγμὸς πόλιν ἐκίνησεν δορί, πύλας διῆλθον, ᾗπερ εἰσῄει στρατός. Ἄδραστος ὧν δʼ οὕνεχʼ ἁγὼν ἦν, νεκροὺς κομίζετε; Ἄγγελος 755ὅσοι γε κλεινοῖς ἕπτʼ ἐφέστασαν δόμοις. Ἄδραστος πῶς φῄς; ὁ δʼ ἄλλος ποῦ κεκμηκότων ὄχλος; Ἄγγελος τάφῳ δέδονται πρὸς Κιθαιρῶνος πτυχαῖς. Ἄδραστος τοὐκεῖθεν ἢ τοὐνθένδε; τίς δʼ ἔθαψέ νιν; Ἄγγελος Θησεύς, σκιώδης ἔνθʼ Ἐλευθερὶς πέτρα. Ἄδραστος 760οὓς δʼ οὐκ ἔθαψε ποῦ νεκροὺς ἥκεις λιπών; Ἄγγελος ἐγγύς· πέλας γὰρ πᾶν ὅ τι σπουδάζεται. Ἄδραστος ἦ που πικρῶς νιν θέραπες ἦγον ἐκ φόνου; Ἄγγελος οὐδεὶς ἐπέστη τῷδε δοῦλος ὢν πόνῳ. Ἄδραστος […] Ἄγγελος φαίης ἄν, εἰ παρῆσθʼ ὅτʼ ἠγάπα νεκρούς. Ἄδραστος 765ἔνιψεν αὐτὸς τῶν ταλαιπώρων σφαγάς; Ἄγγελος κἄστρωσέ γʼ εὐνὰς κἀκάλυψε σώματα. Ἄδραστος δεινὸν μὲν ἦν βάσταγμα κᾀσχύνην ἔχον. Ἄγγελος τί δʼ αἰσχρὸν ἀνθρώποισι τἀλλήλων κακά; Ἄδραστος οἴμοι· πόσῳ σφιν συνθανεῖν ἂν ἤθελον. Ἄγγελος 770ἄκραντʼ ὀδύρῃ ταῖσδέ τʼ ἐξάγεις δάκρυ. Ἄδραστος δοκῶ μέν, αὐταί γʼ εἰσὶν αἱ διδάσκαλοι. ἀλλʼ εἶἑν· αἴρω χεῖρʼ ἀπαντήσας νεκροῖς Ἅιδου τε μολπὰς ἐκχέω δακρυρρόους, φίλους προσαυδῶν, ὧν λελειμμένος τάλας 775ἔρημα κλαίω· τοῦτο γὰρ μόνον βροτοῖς οὐκ ἔστι τἀνάλωμʼ ἀναλωθὲν λαβεῖν, ψυχὴν βροτείαν· χρημάτων δʼ εἰσὶν πόροι.

Chorus Now do I believe in the gods after seeing this unexpected day, and I feel my woes are lighter now that these have paid their penalty.

Adrastus O Zeus, why do men assert the wisdom of the wretched human race? On thee we all depend, and all we do is only what thou listest. We thought our Argos irresistible, ourselves a young and lusty host, and so when Eteocles was for making terms, in spite of his fair offer we would not accept them, and so we perished. Then in their turn those foolish folk of Cadmus, to fortune raised, like some beggar with his newly-gotten wealth, waxed wanton, and, waxing so, were ruined in their turn. Ye foolish sons of men! who strain your bow like men who shoot beyond their mark, and only by suffering many evils as ye deserve, though deaf to friends, yet yield to circumstances; ye cities likewise, though ye might by parley end your mischief, yet ye choose the sword instead of reason to settle all disputes. But wherefore these reflections? This I fain would learn, the way thou didst escape; and after that I will ask thee of the rest.

Messenger During the uproar which prevailed in the city owing to the battle, I passed the gates, just as the host had entered them.

Adrastus Are ye bringing the bodies, for the which the strife arose?

Messenger Ay, each of the seven chiefs who led their famous hosts.

Adrastus What sayest thou? the rest who fell—say, where are they?

Messenger They have found burial in the dells of Cithseron.

Adrastus On this or that side of the mount? And who did bury them?

Messenger Theseus buried them ’neath the shadow of Eleutherae’s cliff.

Adrastus Where didst thou leave the dead he hath not buried?

Messenger Not far away; earnest haste makes every goal look close.

Adrastus No doubt in sorrow slaves would gather them from the carnage.

Messenger Slaves! not one of them was set to do this toil.

Adrastus […]

Messenger Thou wouldst say so, hadst thou been there to see his loving tendance of the dead.

Adrastus Did he himself wash the bloody wounds of the hapless youths?

Messenger Ay, and strewed their biers and wrapped them in their shrouds.

Adrastus An awful burden this, involving some disgrace.

Messenger Why, what disgrace to men are their fellows’ sorrows?

Adrastus Ah me! how much rather had I died with them!

Messenger ’Tis vain to weep and move to tears these women.

Adrastus Methinks ’tis they who give the lesson. Enough of that! My hands I lift at meeting of the dead, and pour forth a tearful dirge to Hades, calling on my friends, whose loss I mourn in wretched solitude; for this one thing, when once ’tis spent, man cannot recover, the breath of life, though he knoweth ways to get his wealth again.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Edward P. Coleridge (1891). Original text: Greek text: Gilbert Murray (ed.), Euripidis Fabulae, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1913, as digitised by Perseus. English: Edward P. Coleridge, The Plays of Euripides, London: George Bell and Sons, first published 1891 (Bohn's Classical Library; the Perseus header records a later printing).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.

Suppliants 731–777: Adrastus hears the end of the battle