Virgil · Aeneid Aeneis

Virgil, Aeneid 11.1–99: The trophy and the body of Pallas

At dawn Aeneas sets up the arms of Mezentius as a trophy on an oak, then tells his men to prepare for war after burying the dead. He mourns over the body of Pallas and sends a thousand men to carry it home to Evander. He covers it with a robe woven by Dido, sends the old attendant Acoetes and the Arcadian procession on its way, and says farewell to Pallas.

Lines 11.1–99 · 962 words · click a number to copy its link
1Oceanum interea surgens Aurora reliquit: Aeneas, quamquam et sociis dare tempus humandis praecipitant curae turbataque funere mens est, vota deum primo victor solvebat Eoo. 5Ingentem quercum decisis undique ramis constituit tumulo fulgentiaque induit arma, Mezenti ducis exuvias, tibi, magne, tropaeum, bellipotens: aptat rorantis sanguine cristas telaque trunca viri et bis sex thoraca petitum 10perfossumque locis clipeumque ex aere sinistrae subligat atque ensem collo suspendit eburnum. Tum socios, namque omnis eum stipata tegebat turba ducum, sic incipiens hortatur ovantis: Maxima res effecta, viri; timor omnis abesto, 15quod superest: haec sunt spolia et de rege superbo primitiae, manibusque meis Mezentius hic est. Nunc iter ad regem nobis murosque Latinos. Arma parate animis et spe praesumite bellum, nequa mora ignaros, ubi primum vellere signa 20adnuerint superi pubemque educere castris, impediat segnisve metu sententia tardet.

Up from the sea now soared the dawning day:
Aeneas, though his sorrow bids him haste
to burial of the slain, and his sad soul
is clouded with the sight of death, fulfils,
for reward to his gods, a conqueror's vow,
at morning's earliest beam. A mighty oak
shorn of its limbs he sets upon a hill
and clothes it o'er with glittering arms, the spoil
of King Mezentius, and a trophy proud
to thee, great lord of war. The hero's plumes
bedewed with blood are there, and splintered spears;
there hangs the corselet, by the thrusting steel
twelve times gored through; upon the left he binds
the brazen shield, and from the neck suspends
the ivory-hilted sword. Aeneas thus,
as crowding close his train of captains throng,
addressed his followers: “Ye warriors mine,
our largest work is done. Bid fear begone
of what is left to do. Behold the spoils!
Yon haughty King was firstfruits of our war.
See this Mezentius my hands have made!
Now to the Latin town and King we go.
Arm you in soul! With heart of perfect hope
prepare the war! So when the gods give sign
to open battle and lead forth our brave
out of this stronghold, no bewilderment,
nor tarrying, nor fearful, faltering mind
shall slack our march.

22Interea socios inhumataque corpora terrae mandemus, qui solus honos Acheronte sub imo est. Ite, ait, egregias animas, quae sanguine nobis 25hanc patriam peperere suo, decorate supremis muneribus, maestamque Evandri primus ad urbem mittatur Pallas, quem non virtutis egentem abstulit atra dies et funere mersit acerbo. Sic ait inlacrimans recipitque ad limina gressum, 30corpus ubi exanimi positum Pallantis Acoetes servabat senior, qui Parrhasio Evandro armiger ante fuit, sed non felicibus aeque tum comes auspiciis caro datus ibat alumno. Circum omnis famulumque manus Troianaque turba 35et maestum Iliades crinem de more solutae. Ut vero Aeneas foribus sese intulit altis, ingentem gemitum tunsis ad sidera tollunt pectoribus, maestoque immugit regia luctu. Ipse caput nivei fultum Pallantis et ora 40ut vidit levique patens in pectore vulnus cuspidis Ausoniae, lacrimis ita fatur obortis.

Meanwhile in earth we lay
our comrades fallen; for no honor else
in Acheron have they. Go forth,” said he,
“bring gifts of honor and of last farewell
to those high hearts by shedding of whose blood
our country lives. To sad Evander's town
bear Pallas first; who, though he did not fail
of virtue's crown, was seized by doom unblest,
and to the bitterness of death consigned.”
Weeping he spoke, and slowly backward drew
to the tent-door, where by the breathless clay
of Pallas stood Acoetes, aged man,
once bearer of Evander's arms, but now
under less happy omens set to guard
his darling child. Around him is a throng
of slaves, with all the Trojan multitude,
and Ilian women, who the wonted way
let sorrow's tresses loosely flow. When now
Aeneas to the lofty doors drew near,
all these from smitten bosoms raised to heaven
a mighty moaning, till the King's abode
was loud with anguish. There Aeneas viewed
the pillowed head of Pallas cold and pale,
the smooth young breast that bore the gaping wound
of that Ausonian spear, and weeping said:
“Did Fortune's envy, smiling though she came,
refuse me, hapless boy, that thou shouldst see
my throne established, and victorious ride
beside me to thy father's house?

42Tene, inquit, miserande puer, cum laeta veniret, invidit Fortuna mihi, ne regna videres nostra neque ad sedes victor veherere paternas? 45Non haec Evandro de te promissa parenti discedens dederam, cum me complexus euntem mitteret in magnum imperium metuensque moneret acris esse viros, cum dura proelia gente. Et nunc ille quidem spe multum captus inani 50fors et vota facit cumulatque altaria donis: nos iuvenem exanimum et nil iam caelestibus ullis debentem vano maesti comitamur honore. Infelix, nati funus crudele videbis! Hi nostri reditus expectatique triumphi! 55Haec mea magna fides! At non, Evandre, pudendis vulneribus pulsum adspicies nec sospite dirum optabis nato funus pater. Ei mihi, quantum praesidium Ausonia et quantum tu perdis, Iule! Haec ubi deflevit, tolli miserabile corpus 60imperat et toto lectos ex agmine mittit mille viros, qui supremum comitentur honorem intersintque patris lacrimis, solacia luctus exigua ingentis, misero sed debita patri.

Not this
my parting promise to thy King and sire,
Evander, when with friendly, fond embrace
to win imperial power he bade me go;
yet warned me anxiously I must resist
bold warriors and a stubborn breed of foes.
And haply even now he cheats his heart
with expectation vain, and offers vows,
heaping with gifts the altars of his gods.
But we with unavailing honors bring
this lifeless youth, who owes the gods of heaven
no more of gift and vow. O ill-starred King!
Soon shalt thou see thy son's unpitying doom!
What a home-coming! This is glory's day
so Iong awaited; this the solemn pledge
I proudly gave. But fond Evander's eyes
will find no shameful wounding on the slain,
nor for a son in coward safety kept
wilt thou, the sire, crave death. But woe is me!
How strong a bulwark in Ausonia falls!
What loss is thine, Iulus!” Thus lamenting,
he bids them lift the body to the bier,
and sends a thousand heroes from his host
to render the last tributes, and to share
father's tears:—poor solace and too small
for grief so great, but due that mournful sire.

64Haud segnes alii crates et molle feretrum 65arbuteis texunt virgis et vimine querno exstructosque toros obtentu frondis inumbrant. Hic iuvenem agresti sublimem stramine ponunt, qualem virgineo demessum pollice florem seu mollis violae seu languentis hyacinthi, 70cui neque fulgor adhuc necdum sua forma recessit: non iam mater alit tellus viresque ministrat. Tum geminas vestes auroque ostroque rigentis extulit Aeneas, quas illi laeta laborum ipsa suis quondam manibus Sidonia Dido 75fecerat et tenui telas discreverat auro. Harum unam iuveni supremum maestus honorem induit arsurasque comas obnubit amictu, multaque praeterea Laurentis praemia pugnae aggerat et longo praedam iubet ordine duci. 80Addit equos et tela, quibus spoliaverat hostem. Vinxerat et post terga manus, quos mitteret umbris inferias, caeso sparsuros sanguine flammas, indutosque iubet truncos hostilibus armis ipsos ferre duces inimicaque nomina figi. 85Ducitur infelix aevo confectus Acoetes: pectora nunc foedans pugnis, nunc unguibus ora sternitur et toto proiectus corpore terrae.~.~. Ducunt et Rutulo perfusos sanguine currus. Post bellator equus positis insignibus Aethon 90it lacrimans guttisque umectat grandibus ora. Hastam alii galeamque ferunt, nam cetera Turnus victor habet. Tum maesta phalanx Teucrique sequuntur Tyrrhenique omnes et versis Arcades armis. Postquam omnis longe comitum praecesserat ordo, 95substitit Aeneas gemituque haec addidit alto: Nos alias hinc ad lacrimas eadem horrida belli fata vocant: salve aeternum mihi, maxime Palla, aeternumque vale. Nec plura effatus ad altos tendebat muros gressumque in castra ferebat.

Some busy them to build of osiers fine
the simple litter, twining sapling oaks
with evergreen, till o'er death's Iofty bed
the branching shade extends. Upon it lay,
as if on shepherd's couch, the youthful dead,
like fairest flower by virgin fingers culled,
frail violet or hyacinth forlorn,
of color still undimmed and leaf unmarred;
but from the breast of mother-earth no more
its life doth feed. Then good Aeneas brought
two broidered robes of scarlet and fine gold,
which with the gladsome labor of her hands
Sidonian Dido wrought him long ago,
the thin-spun gold inweaving. One of these
the sad prince o'er the youthful body threw
for parting gift; and with the other veiled
those tresses from the fire; he heaped on high
Laurentum's spoils of war, and bade to bring
much tribute forth: horses and arms he gave,
seized from the fallen enemy; with hands
fettered behind them filed a captive train
doomed to appease the shades, and with the flames
to mix their flowing blood. He bade his chiefs
set up the trunks of trees and clothe them well
with captured arms, inscribing on each one
some foeman's name. Then came Acoetes forth,
a wretched, worn old man, who beat his breast
with tight-clenched hands, and tore his wrinkled face
with ruthless fingers; oft he cast him down
full length along the ground. Then lead they forth
the blood-stained Rutule chariots of war;
Aethon, the war-horse, of his harness bare,
walks mournful by; big teardrops wet his cheek.
Some bear the lance and helm; for all the rest
victorious Turnus seized. Then filed along
a mournful Teucrian cohort; next the host
Etrurian and the men of Arcady
with trailing arms reversed. Aeneas now,
when the long company had passed him by,
spoke thus and groaned aloud: “Ourselves from hence
are summoned by the same dread doom of war
to other tears. Farewell forevermore!
Heroic Pallas! be forever blest!
I bid thee hail, farewell!” In silence then
back to the stronghold's Iofty walls he moved.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Theodore C. Williams (1910). Original text: J. B. Greenough (ed.), The Bucolics, Aeneid, and Georgics of Virgil, Boston: Ginn and Company, 1881 (Latin text as digitised by Perseus); English: Theodore C. Williams, The Aeneid of Virgil, Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1910.

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.