Virgil · Aeneid Aeneis

Virgil, Aeneid 11.182–224: The funerals of the dead

The next morning Aeneas and Tarchon build funeral pyres along the shore, and the warriors circle them and make offerings. The Latins burn their own dead as well, and after three days the ashes of the dead are gathered under one mound. In Latinus's city, grieving families curse the war and call for Turnus to settle it alone, while Drances urges them on and others defend Turnus.

Lines 11.182–224 · 406 words · click a number to copy its link
182Aurora interea miseris mortalibus almam extulerat lucem, referens opera atque labores: iam pater Aeneas, iam curvo in litore Tarchon 185constituere pyras. Huc corpora quisque suorum more tulere patrum, subiectisque ignibus atris conditur in tenebras altum caligine caelum. Ter circum accensos cincti fulgentibus armis decurrere rogos, ter maestum funeris ignem 190lustravere in equis ululatusque ore dedere; spargitur et tellus lacrimis, sparguntur et arma: it caelo clamorque virum clangorque tubarum. Hic alii spolia occisis derepta Latinis coniciunt igni, galeas ensesque decoros 195frenaque ferventisque rotas; pars munera nota, ipsorum clipeos et non felicia tela. Multa boum circa mactantur corpora Morti, saetigerosque sues raptasque ex omnibus agris in flammam iugulant pecudes. Tum litore toto 200ardentis spectant socios semustaque servant busta neque avelli possunt, nox umida donec invertit caelum stellis ardentibus aptum.

Meanwhile o'er sorrowing mortals the bright morn
had lifted her mild beam, renewing so
the burden of man's toil. Aeneas now
built funeral pyres along the winding shore,
King Tarchon at his side. Each thither brought
the bodies of his kin, observing well
all ancient ritual. The fuming fires
burned from beneath, till highest heaven was hid
in blackest, overmantling cloud. Three times
the warriors, sheathed in proud, resplendent steel,
paced round the kindling pyres; and three times
fair companies of horsemen circled slow,
with loud lamenting, round the doleful flame.
The wail of warriors and the trumpets' blare
the very welkin rend. Cast on the flames
are spoils of slaughtered Latins,—helms and blades,
bridles and chariot-wheels. Yet others bring
gifts to the dead familiar, their own shields
and unavailing spears. Around them slain
great herds of kine give tribute unto death:
swine, bristly-backed, from many a field are borne,
and slaughtered sheep bleed o'er the sacred fire.
So on the shore the wailing multitude
behold their comrades burning, and keep guard
o'er the consuming pyres, nor turn away
till cooling night re-shifts the globe of heaven,
thick-strewn with numberless far-flaming stars.

203Nec minus et miseri diversa in parte Latini innumeras struxere pyras, et corpora partim 205multa virum terrae infodiunt avectaque partim finitimos tollunt in agros urbique remittunt, cetera confusaeque ingentem caedis acervum nec numero nec honore cremant: tunc undique vasti certatim crebris conlucent ignibus agri. 210Tertia lux gelidam caelo dimoverat umbram: maerentes altum cinerem et confusa ruebant ossa focis tepidoque onerabant aggere terrae. Iam vero in tectis, praedivitis urbe Latini, praecipuus fragor et longi pars maxima luctus. 215Hic matres miseraeque nurus, hic cara sororum pectora maerentum puerique parentibus orbi dirum exsecrantur bellum Turnique hymenaeos: ipsum armis ipsumque iubent decernere ferro, qui regnum Italiae et primos sibi poscat honores. 220ingravat haec saevus Drances solumque vocari testatur, solum posci in certamina Turnum. Multa simul contra variis sententia dictis pro Turno, et magnum reginae nomen obumbrat, multa virum meritis sustentat fama tropaeis.

Likewise the mournful Latins far away
have built their myriad pyres. Yet of the slain
not few in graves are laid, and borne with tears
to neighboring country-side or native town;
the rest—promiscuous mass of dead unknown—
to nameless and unhonored ashes burn;
with multitude of fires the far-spread fields
blaze forth unweariedly. But when from heaven
the third morn had dispelled the dark and cold,
the mournful bands raked forth the mingled bones
and plenteous ashes from the smouldering pyres,
then heaped with earth the one sepulchral mound.
Now from the hearth-stones of the opulent town
of old Latinus a vast wail burst forth,
for there was found the chief and bitterest share
of all the woe. For mothers in their tears,
lone brides, and stricken souls of sisters fond,
and boys left fatherless, fling curses loud
on Turnus' troth-plight and the direful war:
“Let him, let Turnus, with his single sword
decide the strife,”—they cry,—“and who shall claim
Lordship of Italy and power supreme.”
Fierce Drances whets their fury, urging all
that Turnus singly must the challenge hear,
and singly wage the war; but others plead
in Turnus' favor; the Queen's noble name
protects him, and his high renown in arms
defends his cause with well-won trophies fair.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Theodore C. Williams (1910). Original text: J. B. Greenough (ed.), The Bucolics, Aeneid, and Georgics of Virgil, Boston: Ginn and Company, 1881 (Latin text as digitised by Perseus); English: Theodore C. Williams, The Aeneid of Virgil, Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1910.

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.