Virgil · Aeneid Aeneis

Virgil, Aeneid 11.100–181: The truce; Evander mourns Pallas

Latin envoys ask for a truce to bury their dead, and Aeneas agrees, saying his quarrel is with Turnus and not with the Latins. Drances answers warmly, and a twelve-day truce is sworn while both sides cut timber. In Evander's city, the Arcadians receive the body of Pallas, and Evander mourns him and asks Aeneas to kill Turnus.

Lines 11.100–181 · 876 words · click a number to copy its link
100Iamque oratores aderant ex urbe Latina, velati ramis oleae veniamque rogantes: corpora, per campos ferro quae fusa iacebant, redderet ac tumulo sineret succedere terrae; nullum cum victis certamen et aethere cassis; 105parceret hospitibus quondam socerisque vocatis. Quos bonus Aeneas haud aspernanda precantis prosequitur venia et verbis haec insuper addit: Quaenam vos tanto fortuna indigna, Latini, implicuit bello, qui nos fugiatis amicos? 110Pacem me exanimis et Martis sorte peremptis oratis? Equidem et vivis concedere vellem. Nec veni, nisi fata locum sedemque dedissent, nec bellum cum gente gero: rex nostra reliquit hospitia et Turni potius se credidit armis. 115Aequius huic Turnum fuerat se opponere morti. Si bellum finire manu, si pellere Teucros apparat, his mecum decuit concurrere telis: vixet, cui vitam deus aut sua dextra dedisset. Nunc ite et miseris supponite civibus ignem.

Now envoys from the Latin citadel
came olive-crowned, to plead for clemency:
would he not yield those bodies of the dead
sword-scattered o'er the plain, and let them lie
beneath an earth-built tomb? Who wages war
upon the vanquished, the unbreathing slain?
To people once his hosts and kindred called,
would he not mercy show? To such a prayer,
deemed not unworthy, good Aeneas gave
the boon, and this benignant answer made:
“Ye Latins, what misfortune undeserved
has snared you in so vast a war, that now
you shun our friendship? Have you here implored
peace for your dead, by chance of battle fallen?
Pain would I grant it for the living too.
I sailed not hither save by Heaven's decree,
which called me to this land. I wage no war
with you, the people; 't was your King refused
our proffered bond of peace, and gave his cause
to Turnus' arms. More meet and just it were
had Turnus met this death that makes you mourn.
If he would end our quarrel sword in hand,
thrusting us Teucrians forth, 't was honor's way
to cross his blade with mine; that man to whom
the gods, or his own valor, had decreed
the longer life, had lived. But now depart!
Beneath your lost friends light the funeral fires!”

120Dixerat Aeneas. Illi obstipuere silentes conversique oculos inter se atque ora tenebant. Tum senior semperque odiis et crimine Drances infensus iuveni Turno sic ore vicissim orsa refert: O fama ingens, ingentior armis 125vir Troiane, quibus caelo te laudibus aequem? Iustitiaene prius mirer belline laborum? Nos vero haec patriam grati referemus ad urbem et te, siqua viam dederit fortuna, Latino iungemus regi: quaerat sibi foedera Turnus. 130Quin et fatalis murorum attollere moles saxaque subvectare umeris Troiana iuvabit. Dixerat haec, unoque omnes eadem ore fremebant. Bis senos pepigere dies et pace sequestra per silvas Teucri mixtique inpune Latini 135erravere iugis. Ferro sonat alta bipenni fraxinus, evertunt actas ad sidera pinus, robora nec cuneis et olentem scindere cedrum nec plaustris cessant vectare gementibus ornos.

So spoke Aeneas; and with wonder mute
all stood at gaze, each turning to behold
his neighbor's face. Then Drances, full of years,
and ever armed with spite and slanderous word
against young Turnus, made this answering plea:
“O prince of mighty name, whose feats of arms
are even mightier! Trojan hero, how
shall my poor praise exalt thee to the skies?
Is it thy rectitude or strenuous war
most bids me wonder? We will bear thy word
right gladly to the city of our sires;
and there, if Fortune favor it, contrive
a compact with the Latin King. Henceforth
let Turnus find his own allies! Ourselves
will much rejoice to see thy destined walls,
and our own shoulders will be proud to bear
the stone for building Troy.” Such speech he made,
and all the common voice consented loud.
So twelve days' truce they swore, and safe from harm
Latins and Teucrians unmolested roved
together o'er the wooded hills. Now rang
loud steel on ash-tree bole; enormous pines,
once thrusting starward, to the earth they threw;
and with industrious wedge asunder clove
stout oak and odorous cedar, piling high
harvest of ash-trees on the creaking wain.

139Et iam Fama volans, tanti praenuntia luctus, 140Evandrum Evandrique domos et moenia replet, quae modo victorem Latio Pallanta ferebat. Arcades ad portas ruere et de more vetusto funereas rapuere faces; lucet via longo ordine flammarum et late discriminat agros. 145Contra turba Phrygum veniens plangentia iungit agmina. Quae postquam matres succedere tectis viderunt, maestam incendunt clamoribus urbem. At non Evandrum potis est vis ulla tenere, sed venit in medios. Feretro Pallanta reposto 150procubuit super atque haeret lacrimansque gemensque, et via vix tandem vocis laxata dolore est. Non haec, O Palla, dederas promissa parenti, cautius ut saevo velles te credere Marti; haud ignarus eram, quantum nova gloria in armis 155et praedulce decus primo certamine posset. Primitiae iuvenis miserae bellique propinqui dura rudimenta et nulli exaudita deorum vota precesque meae! Tuque, O sanctissima coniunx, felix morte tua neque in hunc servata dolorem!

Now Rumor, herald of prodigious woe,
to King Evander hied, Evander's house
and city filling, where, but late, her word
had told in Latium Pallas' victory.
Th' Arcadians thronging to the city-gates
bear funeral torches, the accustomed way;
in lines of flame the long street flashes far,
lighting the fields beyond. To meet them moves
a Phrygian company, to join with theirs
its lamentation loud. The Latin wives,
soon as they saw them entering, aroused
the whole sad city with shrill songs of woe.
No hand could stay Evander. Forth he flew
into the midmost tumult, and fell prone
on his dead Pallas, on the resting bier;
he clung to the pale corse with tears, with groans,
till anguish for a space his lips unsealed:
“Not this thy promise, Pallas, to thy sire,
to walk not rashly in the war-god's way.
I knew too well how honor's morning-star,
and sweet, foretasted glory tempt and woo
in a first battle. O first-fruit forlorn
of youth so fair! O prelude pitiless
of war approaching! O my vows and prayers,
which not one god would hear! My blessed wife,
how happy was the death that spared thee not
to taste this bitterness! But I, the while,
by living longer lived to meet my doom,—
a father sole-surviving.

160Contra ego vivendo vici mea fata, superstes restarem ut genitor. Troum socia arma secutum obruerent Rutuli telis! Animam ipse dedissem atque haec pompa domum me, non Pallanta, referret, nec vos arguerim, Teucri, nec foedera nec quas 165iunximus hospitio dextras: sors ista senectae debita erat nostrae. Quod si immatura manebat mors natum, caesis Volscorum milibus ante ducentem in Latium Teucros cecidisse iuvabit. Quin ego non alio digner te funere, Palla, 170quam pius Aeneas Magna tropaea ferunt, quos dat tua dextera Leto: tu quoque nunc stares immanis truncus in armis, esset par aetas et idem si robur ab annis, 175Turne. Sed infelix Teucros quid demoror armis? Vadite et haec memores regi mandata referte: quod vitam moror invisam Pallante perempto, dextera causa tua est, Turnum natoque patrique quam debere vides. Meritis vacat hic tibi solus 180fortunaeque locus. Non vitae gaudia quaero, nec fas, sed nato Manis perferre sub imos.

Would I myself
had perished by the Rutule's cruel spear,
the Trojan's cause espousing! This breath of life
how gladly had I given! And O, that now
yon black solemnity were bearing home
myself, not Pallas, dead! Yet blame I not,
O Teucrians, the hallowed pact we made,
nor hospitable bond and clasp of hands.
This doom ye bring me was writ long ago,
for my old age. And though my child is fallen
untimely, I take comfort that he fell
where thousands of the Volscians slaughtered lie,
and into Latium led the Teucrian arms.
What brighter glory could I crave in death
for thee, my Pallas, than Aeneas brings,
and Phrygian princes, and Etrurian lords
with all Etruria's legions? Lo, they bear
yon glittering spoils of victims of thy sword!
Thou, Turnus, too, wert now an effigy
in giant armor clad, if but his years
and strength full ripe had been fair match for thine!
But now my woes detain the Trojan host
from battle. I beseech ye haste away,
and bear this faithful message to your King:
since I but linger out a life I loathe,
without my Pallas, nothing but thy sword
can bid me live. Then let thy sword repay
its debt to sire and son by Turnus slain!
Such deed alone may with thy honor fit,
and happier fortunes. But my life to me
has no joy left to pray for, save to bring
my son that solace in the shadowy land.”

People and places in this passage

English translation by Theodore C. Williams (1910). Original text: J. B. Greenough (ed.), The Bucolics, Aeneid, and Georgics of Virgil, Boston: Ginn and Company, 1881 (Latin text as digitised by Perseus); English: Theodore C. Williams, The Aeneid of Virgil, Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1910.

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.