ἀλλὰ γὰρ ὁ μὲν περὶ τῆς Κνωσσοῦ λόγος τοιοῦτος. μετὰ δὲ ταύτην δευτερεῦσαι δοκεῖ κατὰ τὴν δύναμιν ἡ τῶν Γορτυνίων πόλις. συμπράττουσαί τε γὰρ ἀλλήλαις ἅπαντας ὑπηκόους εἶχον αὗται τοὺς ἄλλους, στασιάσασαί τε διέστησαν τὰ κατὰ τὴν νῆσον· προσθήκη δʼ ἦν ἡ Κυδωνία μεγίστη ὁποτέροις προσγένοιτο. κεῖται δʼ ἐν πεδίῳ καὶ ἡ τῶν Γορτυνίων πόλις, τὸ παλαιὸν μὲν ἴσως τετειχισμένη (καθάπερ καὶ Ὅμηρος εἴρηκε Γόρτυνά τε τειχήεσσαν / ), ὕστερον δʼ ἀποβαλοῦσα τὸ τεῖχος ἐκ θεμελίων καὶ πάντα τὸν χρόνον μείνασα ἀτείχιστος· καὶ γὰρ ὁ Φιλοπάτωρ Πτολεμαῖος ἀρξάμενος τειχίζειν ὅσον ἐπὶ ὀγδοήκοντα σταδίους παρῆλθε μόνον· ἀξιόλογον δʼ οὖν ἐξεπλήρου ποτὲ κύκλον ἡ οἴκησις ὅσον πεντήκοντα σταδίων· διέχει δὲ τῆς Λιβυκῆς θαλάττης κατὰ Λεβῆνα τὸ ἐμπόριον αὐτῆς ἐνενήκοντα· ἔχει δέ τι καὶ ἄλλο ἐπίνειον τὸ Μάταλον, διέχει δʼ αὐτῆς ἑκατὸν τριάκοντα. διαρρεῖ δʼ αὐτὴν ὅλην ὁ Ληθαῖος ποταμός.
After Cnossus, the city Gortyna seems to have held the second place in rank and power. For when these cities acted in concert they held in subjection all the rest of the inhabitants, and when they were at variance there was discord throughout the island; and whichever party Cydonia espoused, to them she was a most important accession.
The city of the Gortynians lies in a plain, and was perhaps anciently protected by a wall, as Homer also intimates, and Gortyna, a walled city; / it lost afterwards its walls, which were destroyed from their foundation, and it has remained ever since without walls; for Ptolemy Philopator, who began to build a wall, proceeded with it to the distance only of about 8 stadia. Formerly the building occupied a considerable compass, extending nearly 50 stadia It is distant from the African sea, and from Leben its mart, 90 stadia. It has also another arsenal, Matalum. It is distant from that 130 stadia. The river Lethaeus flows through the whole of the city.
ἐκ δὲ Λεβῆνος ἦν Λευκοκόμας τε καὶ ὁ ἐραστὴς αὐτοῦ Εὐξύνθετος, οὓς ἱστορεῖ Θεόφραστος ἐν τῷ περὶ ἔρωτος λόγῳ, ἄθλων ὧν ὁ Λευκοκόμας τῷ Εὐξυνθέτῳ προσέταξεν ἕνα φήσας εἶναι τοῦτον, τὸν ἐν Πράσῳ κύνα ἀναγαγεῖν αὐτῷ· ὅμοροι δʼ εἰσὶν αὐτοῖς οἱ Πράσιοι, τῆς μὲν θαλάττης ἑβδομήκοντα Γόρτυνος δὲ διέχοντες ἑκατὸν καὶ ὀγδοήκοντα. εἴρηται δὲ ὅτι τῶν Ἐτεοκρήτων ὑπῆρχεν ἡ Πρᾶσος καὶ διότι ἐνταῦθα τὸ τοῦ Δικταίου Διὸς ἱερόν· καὶ γὰρ ἡ Δίκτη πλησίον, οὐχ ὡς Ἄρατος ὄρεος σχεδὸν Ἰδαίοιο. καὶ γὰρ χιλίους ἡ Δίκτη τῆς Ἴδης ἀπέχει, πρὸς ἀνίσχοντα ἥλιον ἀπʼ αὐτῆς κειμένη, τοῦ δὲ Σαμωνίου ἑκατόν. μεταξὺ δὲ τοῦ Σαμωνίου καὶ τῆς Χερρονήσου ἡ Πρᾶσος ἵδρυτο ὑπὲρ τῆς θαλάττης ἑξήκοντα σταδίοις· κατέσκαψαν δʼ Ἱεραπύτνιοι. οὐκ εὖ δὲ οὐδὲ τὸν Καλλίμαχον λέγειν φασίν, ὡς ἡ Βριτόμαρτις φεύγουσα τὴν Μίνω βίαν ἀπὸ τῆς Δίκτης ἅλοιτο εἰς ἁλιέων δίκτυα, καὶ διὰ τοῦτο αὐτὴ μὲν Δίκτυννα ὑπὸ τῶν Κυδωνιατῶν προσαγορευθείη, Δίκτη δὲ τὸ ὄρος· οὐδὲ γὰρ ὅλως ἐκ γειτόνων ἐστὶ τοῖς τόποις τούτοις ἡ Κυδωνία, πρὸς δὲ τοῖς ἑσπερίοις κεῖται τῆς νήσου πέρασι. τῆς μέντοι Κυδωνίας ὄρος ἐστὶ Τίτυρος, ἐν ᾧ ἱερόν ἐστιν οὐ Δικταῖον ἀλλὰ Δικτύνναιον.
Leucocomas and Euxynthetus his erastes (or lover), whom Theophrastus mentions in his discourse on Love, were natives of Leben. One of the tasks enjoined Euxynthetus by Leucocomas was this, according to Theophrastus, to bring him his dog from Prasus. The Prasii border upon the Lebenii at the distance of 60 stadia from the sea, and from Gortyn 180. We have said that Prasus was subject to the Eteocretans, and that the temple of the Dictaean Jupiter was there. For Dicte is near; not, as Aratus alleges, near Ida; since Dicte is distant 1000 stadia from Mount Ida, and situated at that distance from it towards the rising sun; and 100 stadia from the promontory Samonium. Prasus was situated between the promontory Samonium, and the Cherrhonesus, at the distance of 60 stadia from the sea. It was razed by the Hierapytnii. He says, too, that Callimachus is not right in asserting that Britomartis, in her escape from the violence offered by Minos, leaped from Dicte among the nets of the fishermen (δίκτυα), and that hence she had the name of Dictynna from the Cydoniatae, and the mountain that of Dicte. For Cydonia is not at all situated in the neighbour hood of these places, but lies at the western extremity of the island. The mountain Tityrus belongs to the Cydonian territory; upon it is situated a temple, not called Dictaean, but Dictynnsean.
Κυδωνία δʼ ἐπὶ θαλάττῃ μὲν ἵδρυται βλέπουσα πρὸς τὴν Λακωνικήν, διέχει δʼ ἑκατέρας τὸ ἴσον τῆς τε Κνωσσοῦ καὶ τῆς Γόρτυνος οἷον ὀκτακοσίους σταδίους, Ἀπτέρας δὲ ὀγδοήκοντα, τῆς ταύτῃ δὲ θαλάττης τετταράκοντα. Ἀπτέρας δʼ ἐπίνειόν ἐστι Κίσαμος· πρὸς ἑσπέραν δʼ ὅμοροι τοῖς Κυδωνιάταις Πολυρρήνιοι, παρʼ οἷς ἐστι τὸ τῆς Δικτύννης ἱερόν· ἀπέχουσι δὲ τῆς θαλάττης ὡς τριάκοντα σταδίους, Φαλασάρνης δὲ ἑξήκοντα. κωμηδὸν δʼ ᾤκουν πρότερον· εἶτʼ Ἀχαιοὶ καὶ Λάκωνες συνῴκησαν τειχίσαντες ἐρυμνὸν χωρίον βλέπον πρὸς μεσημβρίαν.
Cydonia is situated on the sea, fronting Laconia, at an equal distance from both Cnossus and Gortyn, about 800 stadia, and from Aptera 80, and from the sea in this quarter 40 stadia. Cisamus is the naval arsenal of Aptera. The Polyrrhenii border upon the Cydoniatae towards the west; in their territory is the temple of Dictynna. They are at the distance of about 30 stadia from the sea, and 60 from Phalasarna. Formerly they lived in villages; then Achaeans and Laconians settled there together, and fortified with a wall a strong site fronting the south.
τῶν δʼ ὑπὸ Μίνω συνῳκισμένων τριῶν τὴν λοιπὴν (Φαιστὸς δʼ ἦν αὕτη) κατέσκαψαν Γορτύνιοι, τῆς μὲν Γόρτυνος διέχουσαν ἑξήκοντα, τῆς δὲ θαλάττης εἴκοσι, τοῦ δὲ Ματάλου τοῦ ἐπινείου τετταράκοντα· τὴν δὲ χώραν ἔχουσιν οἱ κατασκάψαντες. Γορτυνίων δʼ ἐστὶ καὶ τὸ Ῥύτιον σὺν τῇ Φαιστῷ Φαιστόν τε Ῥύτιόν τε. / ἐκ δὲ τῆς Φαιστοῦ τὸν τοὺς καθαρμοὺς ποιήσαντα διὰ τῶν ἐπῶν Ἐπιμενίδην φασὶν εἶναι. καὶ ὁ Λισσὴν δὲ τῆς Φαιστίας. Λύττου δέ, ἧς ἐμνήσθημεν καὶ πρότερον, ἐπίνειόν ἐστιν ἡ λεγομένη Χερρόνησος, ἐν ᾗ τὸ τῆς Βριτομάρτεως ἱερόν· αἱ δὲ συγκαταλεχθεῖσαι πόλεις οὐκέτʼ εἰσὶ Μίλητός τε καὶ Λύκαστος, τὴν δὲ χώραν τὴν μὲν ἐνείμαντο Λύττιοι τὴν δὲ Κνώσσιοι κατασκάψαντες τὴν πόλιν.
Of the three cities founded by Minos, the last, which was Phaestus, was razed by the Gortynians; it was at the distance of 60 stadia from Gortyn, 20 from the sea, and from Matalum, the arsenal, 40 stadia. They who razed the city possess the territory. Rhytium also together with Phaestus belongs to the Gortynians, both Phaestus and Rhytium. / Epimenides, who performed lustrations by the means of his poetry, is said to have been a native of Phaestus. Olyssa (Lisses?) also belonged to the territory of Phaestus.
Cherrhonesus, as it is called, is the arsenal of Lyttus or (Lyctus), which we have before mentioned; on the former is the temple of Britomartis.
Miletus and Lycastus, the cities which were enumerated together with Lyctus, no longer exist; but the territory, after they had razed the city (Lyctus), was partitioned among Lyctians and Cnossians.
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