Hesiod · Theogony Θεογονία

Hesiod, Theogony 1–34: The Muses of Helicon and Hesiod's calling (1-34)

Hesiod opens by hailing the Muses who dance on Mount Helicon and bathe in its springs, and lists the gods they praise as they go abroad by night. While he is shepherding his lambs beneath Helicon, they address him harshly, saying they know how to speak many falsehoods as well as truths. They give him a laurel staff and a divine voice so that he can sing of things to come and things past, and the race of the blessed gods.

Lines 1–34 · 315 words · click a number to copy its link
1Μουσάων Ἑλικωνιάδων ἀρχώμεθʼ ἀείδειν, αἵθʼ Ἑλικῶνος ἔχουσιν ὄρος μέγα τε ζάθεόν τε καί τε περὶ κρήνην ἰοειδέα πόσσʼ ἁπαλοῖσιν ὀρχεῦνται καὶ βωμὸν ἐρισθενέος Κρονίωνος. 5καί τε λοεσσάμεναι τέρενα χρόα Περμησσοῖο ἢ Ἵππου κρήνης ἢ Ὀλμειοῦ ζαθέοιο ἀκροτάτῳ Ἑλικῶνι χοροὺς ἐνεποιήσαντο καλούς, ἱμερόεντας· ἐπερρώσαντο δὲ ποσσίν. ἔνθεν ἀπορνύμεναι, κεκαλυμμέναι ἠέρι πολλῇ, 10ἐννύχιαι στεῖχον περικαλλέα ὄσσαν ἱεῖσαι, ὑμνεῦσαι Δία τʼ αἰγίοχον καὶ πότνιαν Ἥρην Ἀργεΐην, χρυσέοισι πεδίλοις ἐμβεβαυῖαν, κούρην τʼ αἰγιόχοιο Διὸς γλαυκῶπιν Ἀθήνην Φοῖβόν τʼ Ἀπόλλωνα καὶ Ἄρτεμιν ἰοχέαιραν 15ἠδὲ Ποσειδάωνα γεήοχον, ἐννοσίγαιον, καὶ Θέμιν αἰδοίην ἑλικοβλέφαρόν τʼ Ἀφροδίτην Ἥβην τε χρυσοστέφανον καλήν τε Διώνην Λητώ τʼ Ἰαπετόν τε ἰδὲ Κρόνον ἀγκυλομήτην Ἠῶ τʼ Ἠέλιόν τε μέγαν λαμπράν τε Σελήνην 20Γαῖάν τʼ Ὠκεανόν τε μέγαν καὶ Νύκτα μέλαιναν ἄλλων τʼ ἀθανάτων ἱερὸν γένος αἰὲν ἐόντων. αἵ νύ ποθʼ Ἡσίοδον καλὴν ἐδίδαξαν ἀοιδήν, ἄρνας ποιμαίνονθʼ Ἑλικῶνος ὕπο ζαθέοιο. τόνδε δέ με πρώτιστα θεαὶ πρὸς μῦθον ἔειπον,

From the Heliconian Muses let us begin to sing, who hold the great and holy mount of Helicon, and dance on soft feet about the deep-blue spring and the altar of the almighty son of Cronos, and, when they have washed their tender bodies in Permessus or in the Horse's Spring or Olmeius, make their fair, lovely dances upon highest Helicon and move with vigorous feet. Thence they arise and go abroad by night, veiled in thick mist, and utter their song with lovely voice, praising Zeus the aegis-holder, and queenly Hera of Argos who walks on golden sandals, and the daughter of Zeus the aegis-holder bright-eyed Athena, and Phoebus Apollo, and Artemis who delights in arrows, and Poseidon the earth holder who shakes the earth, and revered Themis, and quick-glancing Aphrodite, and Hebe with the crown of gold, and fair Dione, Leto, Iapetus, and Cronos the crafty counsellor, Eos, and great Helius, and bright Selene, Earth, too, and great Oceanus, and dark Night, and the holy race of all the other deathless ones that are for ever. And one day they taught Hesiod glorious song while he was shepherding his lambs under holy Helicon, and this word first the goddesses said to me— the Muses of Olympus, daughters of Zeus who holds the aegis: “Shepherds of the wilderness, wretched things of shame, mere bellies, we know how to speak many false things as though they were true; but we know, when we will, to utter true things.”

25Μοῦσαι Ὀλυμπιάδες, κοῦραι Διὸς αἰγιόχοιο· ποιμένες ἄγραυλοι, κάκʼ ἐλέγχεα, γαστέρες οἶον, ἴδμεν ψεύδεα πολλὰ λέγειν ἐτύμοισιν ὁμοῖα, ἴδμεν δʼ, εὖτʼ ἐθέλωμεν, ἀληθέα γηρύσασθαι. ὣς ἔφασαν κοῦραι μεγάλου Διὸς ἀρτιέπειαι· 30καί μοι σκῆπτρον ἔδον δάφνης ἐριθηλέος ὄζον δρέψασαι, θηητόν· ἐνέπνευσαν δέ μοι αὐδὴν θέσπιν, ἵνα κλείοιμι τά τʼ ἐσσόμενα πρό τʼ ἐόντα. καί μʼ ἐκέλονθʼ ὑμνεῖν μακάρων γένος αἰὲν ἐόντων, σφᾶς δʼ αὐτὰς πρῶτόν τε καὶ ὕστατον αἰὲν ἀείδειν.

So said the ready-voiced daughters of great Zeus, and they plucked and gave me a rod, a shoot of sturdy laurel, a marvellous thing, and breathed into me a divine voice to celebrate things that shall be and things that were aforetime; and they bade me sing of the race of the blessed gods that are eternally, but ever to sing of themselves both first and last.

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English translation by Hugh G. Evelyn-White (1914). Original text: Hugh G. Evelyn-White (ed.), Hesiod, The Homeric Hymns and Homerica, Loeb Classical Library, London: Heinemann; New York: Macmillan, 1914 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.