Aristophanes · The Clouds Νεφέλαι

Aristophanes, The Clouds 1–132: Prologue: Strepsiades' debts; Pheidippides refuses to study

Strepsiades lies awake at night, tormented by his creditors and the fifty pounds owed for the horse that his son Pheidippides loves, while Pheidippides dreams of chariot races beside him. He tells how he married a fine town lady, and how they quarrelled over the boy's name, then wakes his son and begs him to go to the Thinking-shop, where he says they teach one how to win a case whether right or wrong. Pheidippides refuses and goes off to his uncle's horses, so Strepsiades decides to go to the school himself.

Lines 1–132 · 1148 words · click a number to copy its link

STREPSIADES

1ἰοὺ ἰού· ὦ Ζεῦ βασιλεῦ τὸ χρῆμα τῶν νυκτῶν ὅσον· ἀπέραντον. οὐδέποθʼ ἡμέρα γενήσεται; καὶ μὴν πάλαι γʼ ἀλεκτρυόνος ἤκουσʼ ἐγώ· 5οἱ δʼ οἰκέται ῥέγκουσιν· ἀλλʼ οὐκ ἂν πρὸ τοῦ. ἀπόλοιο δῆτʼ ὦ πόλεμε πολλῶν οὕνεκα, ὅτʼ οὐδὲ κολάσʼ ἔξεστί μοι τοὺς οἰκέτας. ἀλλʼ οὐδʼ ὁ χρηστὸς οὑτοσὶ νεανίας ἐγείρεται τῆς νυκτός, ἀλλὰ πέρδεται 10ἐν πέντε σισύραις ἐγκεκορδυλημένος. ἀλλʼ εἰ δοκεῖ ῥέγκωμεν ἐγκεκαλυμμένοι. ἀλλʼ οὐ δύναμαι δείλαιος εὕδειν δακνόμενος ὑπὸ τῆς δαπάνης καὶ τῆς φάτνης καὶ τῶν χρεῶν διὰ τουτονὶ τὸν υἱόν. ὁ δὲ κόμην ἔχων 15ἱππάζεταί τε καὶ ξυνωρικεύεται ὀνειροπολεῖ θʼ ἵππους· ἐγὼ δʼ ἀπόλλυμαι ὁρῶν ἄγουσαν τὴν σελήνην εἰκάδας· οἱ γὰρ τόκοι χωροῦσιν. ἅπτε παῖ λύχνον, κἄκφερε τὸ γραμματεῖον, ἵνʼ ἀναγνῶ λαβὼν 20ὁπόσοις ὀφείλω καὶ λογίσωμαι τοὺς τόκους. φέρʼ ἴδω τί ὀφείλω; δώδεκα μνᾶς Πασίᾳ.

O dear! O dear! O Lord! O Zeus! these nights, how long they are. Will they ne’er pass? will the day never come? Surely I heard the cock crow, hours ago. Yet still my servants snore. These are new customs. O’ware of war for many various reasons; One fears in war even to flog one’s servants. And here’s this hopeful son of mine wrapped up Snoring and sweating under five thick blankets. Come, we’ll wrap up and snore in opposition. (Tries to sleep) But I can’t sleep a wink, devoured and bitten By ticks, and bugbears, duns, and race-horses, All through this son of mine. He curls his hair, And sports his thoroughbreds, and drives his tandem; Even in dreams he rides: while I—I’m ruined, Now that the Moon has reached her twentieths, And paying-time comes on. Boy! light a lamp, And fetch my ledger: now I’ll reckon up Who are my creditors, and what I owe them. Come, let me see then. Fifty pounds to Pasias!

Στρεψιάδης 22τοῦ δώδεκα μνᾶς Πασίᾳ; τί ἐχρησάμην; ὅτʼ ἐπριάμην τὸν κοππατίαν. οἴμοι τάλας, εἴθʼ ἐξεκόπην πρότερον τὸν ὀφθαλμὸν λίθῳ. Φειδιππίδης 25Φίλων ἀδικεῖς· ἔλαυνε τὸν σαυτοῦ δρόμον. Στρεψιάδης τοῦτʼ ἔστι τουτὶ τὸ κακὸν ὅ μʼ ἀπολώλεκεν· ὀνειροπολεῖ γὰρ καὶ καθεύδων ἱππικήν. Φειδιππίδης πόσους δρόμους ἐλᾷ τὰ πολεμιστήρια; Στρεψιάδης ἐμὲ μὲν σὺ πολλοὺς τὸν πατέρʼ ἐλαύνεις δρόμους. 30ἀτὰρ τί χρέος ἔβα με μετὰ τὸν Πασίαν; τρεῖς μναῖ διφρίσκου καὶ τροχοῖν Ἀμυνίᾳ. Φειδιππίδης ἄπαγε τὸν ἵππον ἐξαλίσας οἴκαδε. Στρεψιάδης ἀλλʼ ὦ μέλʼ ἐξήλικας ἐμέ γʼ ἐκ τῶν ἐμῶν, ὅτε καὶ δίκας ὤφληκα χἄτεροι τόκου 35ἐνεχυράσεσθαί φασιν. Φειδιππίδης ἐτεὸν ὦ πάτερ τί δυσκολαίνεις καὶ στρέφει τὴν νύχθʼ ὅλην; Στρεψιάδης δάκνει μὲ δήμαρχός τις ἐκ τῶν στρωμάτων. Φειδιππίδης ἔασον ὦ δαιμόνιε καταδαρθεῖν τί με. Στρεψιάδης σὺ δʼ οὖν κάθευδε· τὰ δὲ χρέα ταῦτʼ ἴσθʼ ὅτι 40ἐς τὴν κεφαλὴν ἅπαντα τὴν σὴν τρέψεται. φεῦ. εἴθʼ ὤφελʼ ἡ προμνήστριʼ ἀπολέσθαι κακῶς, ἥτις με γῆμʼ ἐπῆρε τὴν σὴν μητέρα· ἐμοὶ γὰρ ἦν ἄγροικος ἥδιστος βίος εὐρωτιῶν, ἀκόρητος, εἰκῇ κείμενος, 45βρύων μελίτταις καὶ προβάτοις καὶ στεμφύλοις. ἔπειτʼ ἔγημα Μεγακλέους τοῦ Μεγακλέους

STREPSIADES Why fifty pounds to Pasias? what were they for? O, for the hack from Corinth. O dear! O dear! I wish my eye had been hacked out before—

PHEIDIPPIDES (In his sleep) You are cheating, Philon; keep to your own side.

STREPSIADES Ah! there it is! that’s what has ruined me! Even in his very sleep he thinks of horses.

PHEIDIPPIDES (In his sleep) How many heats do the war-chariots run?

STREPSIADES A pretty many heats you have run your father. Now then, what debt assails me after Pasias? A curricle and wheels. Twelve pounds. Amynias.

PHEIDIPPIDES (In his sleep) Here, give the horse a roll, and take him home.

STREPSIADES You have rolled me out of house and home, my boy, Cast in some suits already, while some swear They’ll seize my goods for payment.

PHEIDIPPIDES Good, my father, What makes you toss so restless all night long?

STREPSIADES There’s a bumbailiff from the mattress bites me.

PHEIDIPPIDES Come now, I prithee, let me sleep in peace.

STREPSIADES Well then, you sleep; only be sure of this, These debts will fall on your own head at last. Alas, alas! For ever cursed be that same match-maker, Who stirred me up to marry your poor mother. Mine in the country was the pleasantest life, Untidy, easy-going, unrestrained, Brimming with olives, sheepfolds, honey-bees. Ah! then I married—I a rustic—her

Στρεψιάδης 47ἀδελφιδῆν ἄγροικος ὢν ἐξ ἄστεως, σεμνὴν τρυφῶσαν ἐγκεκοισυρωμένην. ταύτην ὅτʼ ἐγάμουν, συγκατεκλινόμην ἐγὼ 50ὄζων τρυγὸς τρασιᾶς ἐρίων περιουσίας, ἡ δʼ αὖ μύρου κρόκου καταγλωττισμάτων, δαπάνης λαφυγμοῦ Κωλιάδος Γενετυλλίδος. οὐ μὴν ἐρῶ γʼ ὡς ἀργὸς ἦν, ἀλλʼ ἐσπάθα. ἐγὼ δʼ ἂν αὐτῇ θοἰμάτιον δεικνὺς τοδὶ 55πρόφασιν ἔφασκον, ὦ γύναι λίαν σπαθᾷς. Θεράπων ἔλαιον ἡμῖν οὐκ ἔνεστʼ ἐν τῷ λύχνῳ. Στρεψιάδης οἴμοι· τί γάρ μοι τὸν πότην ἧπτες λύχνον; δεῦρʼ ἔλθʼ ἵνα κλάῃς. Θεράπων διὰ τί δῆτα κλαύσομαι; Στρεψιάδης ὅτι τῶν παχειῶν ἐνετίθεις θρυαλλίδων. 60μετὰ ταῦθʼ, ὅπως νῷν ἐγένεθʼ υἱὸς οὑτοσί, ἐμοί τε δὴ καὶ τῇ γυναικὶ τἀγαθῇ, περὶ τοὐνόματος δὴ ʼντεῦθεν ἐλοιδορούμεθα· ἡ μὲν γὰρ ἵππον προσετίθει πρὸς τοὔνομα, Ξάνθιππον ἤ Χαριππον ἢ Καλλιππίδην, 65ἐγὼ δὲ τοῦ πάππου ʼτιθέμην Φειδωνίδην. τέως μὲν οὖν ἐκρινόμεθʼ· εἶτα τῷ χρόνῳ κοινῇ ξυνέβημεν κἀθέμεθα Φειδιππίδην. τοῦτον τὸν υἱὸν λαμβάνουσʼ ἐκορίζετο, ὅταν σὺ μέγας ὢν ἅρμʼ ἐλαύνῃς πρὸς πόλιν, 70ὥσπερ Μεγακλέης, ξυστίδʼ ἔχων. ἐγὼ δʼ ἔφην, ὅταν μὲν οὖν τὰς αἶγας ἐκ τοῦ φελλέως, ὥσπερ ὁ πατήρ σου, διφθέραν ἐνημμένος. ἀλλʼ οὐκ ἐπίθετο τοῖς ἐμοῖς οὐδὲν λόγοις,

STREPSIADES A fine town-lady, niece of Megacles. A regular, proud, luxurious, Coesyra. This wife I married, and we came together, I rank with wine-lees, fig-boards, greasy woolpacks; She all with scents, and saffron, and tongue-kissings, Feasting, expense, and lordly modes of loving. She was not idle though, she was too fast. I used to tell her, holding out my cloak, Threadbare and worn; Wife, you’re too fast by half.

SERVANT Here’s no more oil remaining in the lamp.

STREPSIADES O me! what made you light the tippling lamp? Come and be whipp’d.

SERVANT Why, what would you whip me for?

STREPSIADES Why did you put one of those thick wicks in? Well, when at last to me and my good woman This hopeful son was born, our son and heir, Why then we took to wrangle on the name. She was for giving him some knightly name, “Callippides, “Xanthippus,” or “Charippus”: I wished “Pheidonides,” his grandsire’s name, Thus for some time we argued: till at last We compromised it in Pheidippides. This boy she took, and used to spoil him, saying, Oh! when you are driving to the Acropolis, clad Like Megacles, in your purple; whilst I said Oh! when the goats you are driving from the fells, Clad like your father, in your sheepskin coat. Well, he cared nought for my advice, but soon

Στρεψιάδης 74ἀλλʼ ἵππερόν μου κατέχεεν τῶν χρημάτων. 75νῦν οὖν ὅλην τὴν νύκτα φροντίζων ὁδοῦ μίαν ηὗρον ἀτραπὸν δαιμονίως ὑπερφυᾶ, ἣν ἢν ἀναπείσω τουτονί, σωθήσομαι. ἀλλʼ ἐξεγεῖραι πρῶτον αὐτὸν βούλομαι. πῶς δῆτʼ ἂν ἥδιστʼ αὐτὸν ἐπεγείραιμι; πῶς; 80Φειδιππίδη Φειδιππίδιον. Φειδιππίδης τί ὦ πάτερ; Στρεψιάδης κύσον με καὶ τὴν χεῖρα δὸς τὴν δεξιάν. Φειδιππίδης ἰδού. τί ἔστιν; Στρεψιάδης εἰπέ μοι, φιλεῖς ἐμέ; Φειδιππίδης νὴ τὸν Ποσειδῶ τουτονὶ τὸν ἵππιον. Στρεψιάδης μὴ ʼμοί γε τοῦτον μηδαμῶς τὸν ἵππιον· 85οὗτος γὰρ ὁ θεὸς αἴτιός μοι τῶν κακῶν. ἀλλʼ εἴπερ ἐκ τῆς καρδίας μʼ ὄντως φιλεῖς, ὦ παῖ πιθοῦ. Φειδιππίδης τί οὖν πίθωμαι δῆτά σοι; Στρεψιάδης ἔκστρεψον ὡς τάχιστα τοὺς σαυτοῦ τρόπους, καὶ μάνθανʼ ἐλθὼν ἃν ἐγὼ παραινέσω. Φειδιππίδης 90λέγε δή, τί κελεύεις; Στρεψιάδης καί τι πείσει; Φειδιππίδης πείσομαι νὴ τὸν Διόνυσον. Στρεψιάδης δεῦρό νυν ἀπόβλεπε. ὁρᾷς τὸ θύριον τοῦτο καὶ τᾠκίδιον; Φειδιππίδης ὁρῶ. τί οὖν τοῦτʼ ἐστὶν ἐτεὸν ὦ πάτερ; Στρεψιάδης ψυχῶν σοφῶν τοῦτʼ ἐστὶ φροντιστήριον. 95ἐνταῦθʼ ἐνοικοῦσʼ ἄνδρες, οἳ τὸν οὐρανὸν λέγοντες ἀναπείθουσιν ὡς ἔστιν πνιγεύς,

STREPSIADES A galloping consumption caught my fortunes, Now cogitating all night long, I’ve found One way, one marvellous transcendent way, Which if he’ll follow, we may yet be saved. So,—but, however, I must rouse him first; But how to rouse him kindliest? that’s the rub. Pheidippides, my sweet one.

PHEIDIPPIDES Well, my father.

STREPSIADES Shake hands, Pheidippides, shake hands and kiss me.

PHEIDIPPIDES There; what’s the matter?

STREPSIADES Dost thou love me, boy?

PHEIDIPPIDES Ay! by Poseidon there, the God of horses.

STREPSIADES No, no, not that: miss out the God of horses, That God’s the origin of all my evils. But if you love me from your heart and soul, My son, obey me.

PHEIDIPPIDES Very well: what in?

STREPSIADES Strip with all speed, strip off your present habits. And go and learn what I’ll advise you to.

PHEIDIPPIDES Name your commands.

STREPSIADES Will you obey?

PHEIDIPPIDES I will, By Dionysus!

STREPSIADES Well then, look this way. See you that wicket and the lodge beyond?

PHEIDIPPIDES I see: and prithee what is that, my father?

STREPSIADES That is the thinking-house of sapient souls. There dwell the men who teach—aye, who persuade us, That Heaven is one vast fire-extinguisher

Στρεψιάδης 97κἄστιν περὶ ἡμᾶς οὗτος, ἡμεῖς δʼ ἄνθρακες. οὗτοι διδάσκουσʼ, ἀργύριον ἤν τις διδῷ, λέγοντα νικᾶν καὶ δίκαια κἄδικα. Φειδιππίδης 100εἰσὶν δὲ τίνες; Στρεψιάδης οὐκ οἶδʼ ἀκριβῶς τοὔνομα· μεριμνοφροντισταὶ καλοί τε κἀγαθοί. Φειδιππίδης αἰβοῖ πονηροί γʼ, οἶδα. τοὺς ἀλαζόνας τοὺς ὠχριῶντας τοὺς ἀνυποδήτους λέγεις, 105ὧν ὁ κακοδαίμων Σωκράτης καὶ Χαιρεφῶν. Στρεψιάδης ἢ ἢ σιώπα· μηδὲν εἴπῃς νήπιον. ἀλλʼ εἴ τι κήδει τῶν πατρῴων ἀλφίτων, τούτων γενοῦ μοι σχασάμενος τὴν ἱππικήν. Φειδιππίδης οὐκ ἂν μὰ τὸν Διόνυσον, εἰ δοίης γέ μοι τοὺς φασιανοὺς οὓς τρέφει Λεωγόρας. Στρεψιάδης 110ἴθʼ ἀντιβολῶ σʼ ὦ φίλτατʼ ἀνθρώπων ἐμοὶ ἐλθὼν διδάσκου. Φειδιππίδης καὶ τί σοι μαθήσομαι; Στρεψιάδης εἶναι παρʼ αὐτοῖς φασιν ἄμφω τὼ λόγω, τὸν κρείττονʼ, ὅστις ἐστί, καὶ τὸν ἥττονα. τούτοιν τὸν ἕτερον τοῖν λόγοιν, τὸν ἥττονα, 115νικᾶν λέγοντά φασι τἀδικώτερα. ἢν οὖν μάθῃς μοι τὸν ἄδικον τοῦτον λόγον, ἃ νῦν ὀφείλω διὰ σέ, τούτων τῶν χρεῶν οὐκ ἂν ἀποδοίην οὐδʼ ἂν ὀβολὸν οὐδενί. Φειδιππίδης οὐκ ἂν πιθοίμην· οὐ γὰρ ἂν τλαίην ἰδεῖν 120τοὺς ἱππέας τὸ χρῶμα διακεκναισμένος. Στρεψιάδης οὐκ ἄρα μὰ τὴν Δήμητρα τῶν γʼ ἐμῶν ἔδει, οὔτʼ αὐτὸς οὔθʼ ὁ ζύγιος οὔθʼ ὁ σαμφόρας· ἀλλʼ ἐξελῶ σʼ ἐς κόρακας ἐκ τῆς οἰκίας.

STREPSIADES Placed round about us, and that we’re the cinders.

STREPSIADES Aye, and they’ll teach (only they’ll want some money), How one may speak and conquer, right or wrong.

PHEIDIPPIDES Come, tell their names.

STREPSIADES Well, I can’t quite remember, But they’re deep thinkers, and true gentlemen.

PHEIDIPPIDES Out on the rogues! I know them. Those rank pedants, Those palefaced, barefoot vagabonds you mean: That Socrates, poor wretch, and Chaerephon.

STREPSIADES Oh! Oh! hush! hush! don’t use those foolish words; But if the sorrows of my barley touch you, Enter their Schools and cut the Turf for ever.

PHEIDIPPIDES I wouldn’t go, so help me Dionysus, For all Leogoras’s breed of Phasians!

STREPSIADES Go, I beseech you, dearest, dearest son, Go and be taught.

PHEIDIPPIDES And what would you have me learn?

STREPSIADES ’Tis known that in their Schools they keep two Logics,” The Worse, Zeus save the mark,’ the Worse and Better. This Second Logic then, I mean the Worse one, They teach to talk unjustly and—prevail. Think then, you only learn that Unjust Logic, And all the debts, which I have incurred through you,— I’ll never pay, no, not one farthing of them.

PHEIDIPPIDES I will not go. How could I face the knights With all my colour worn and torn away!

STREPSIADES O! then, by Earth, you have eat your last of mine, You, and your coach-horse, and your sigma-brand: Out with you! Go to the crows, for all I care.

Φειδιππίδης 124ἀλλʼ οὐ περιόψεταί μʼ ὁ θεῖος Μεγακλέης 125ἄνιππον. ἀλλʼ εἴσειμι, σοῦ δʼ οὐ φροντιῶ. Στρεψιάδης ἀλλʼ οὐδʼ ἐγὼ μέντοι πεσών γε κείσομαι, ἀλλʼ εὐξάμενος τοῖσιν θεοῖς διδάξομαι αὐτὸς βαδίζων ἐς τὸ φροντιστήριον. πῶς οὖν γέρων ὢν κἀπιλήσμων καὶ βραδὺς 130λόγων ἀκριβῶν σχινδαλάμους μαθήσομαι; ἰτητέον. τί ταῦτʼ ἔχων στραγγεύομαι, ἀλλʼ οὐχὶ κόπτω τὴν θύραν; παῖ παιδίον.

PHEIDIPPIDES But uncle Megacles won’t leave me long Without a horse: I’ll go to him: good-bye.

STREPSIADES I’m thrown, by Zeus, but I won’t long lie prostrate. I’ll pray the Gods and send myself to school: I’ll go at once and try their thinking-house. Stay: how can I, forgetful, slow, old fool, Learn the nice hair-splittings of subtle Logic? Well, go I must. ’Twon’t do to linger here. Come on, I’ll knock the door. Boy! Ho there, boy!

People and places in this passage

English translation by Benjamin Bickley Rogers (1924). Original text: Greek text: F. W. Hall and W. M. Geldart (eds.), Aristophanis Comoediae, Oxford Classical Texts, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1906-1907, as digitised by Perseus. English: Benjamin Bickley Rogers, Aristophanes, vol. I, Loeb Classical Library, London: William Heinemann, and New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1924.

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, Greek: CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain (Rogers). Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.