Aristophanes · The Clouds Νεφέλαι

Aristophanes, The Clouds 133–262: Episode: Strepsiades at the Thinking-shop; Socrates in his basket

A Student answers Strepsiades' knock and tells him of the master's discoveries, such as how many of its own feet a flea can jump, and of the gnat that hums through its tail. Strepsiades is shown the pupils bent double to study things underground, and a map on which he cannot see the dicasts, and he asks Socrates to be called down from the basket in which he hangs. Socrates says that he walks on air so as to see the sun, and offers to teach Strepsiades about the Clouds.

Lines 133–262 · 1155 words · click a number to copy its link
Μαθητής 133βάλλʼ ἐς κόρακας· τίς ἐσθʼ ὁ κόψας τὴν θύραν; Στρεψιάδης Φείδωνος υἱὸς Στρεψιάδης Κικυννόθεν. Μαθητής 135ἀμαθής γε νὴ Δίʼ ὅστις οὑτωσὶ σφόδρα ἀπεριμερίμνως τὴν θύραν λελάκτικας καὶ φροντίδʼ ἐξήμβλωκας ἐξηυρημένην. Στρεψιάδης σύγγνωθί μοι· τηλοῦ γὰρ οἰκῶ τῶν ἀγρῶν. ἀλλʼ εἰπέ μοι τὸ πρᾶγμα τοὐξημβλωμένον. Μαθητής 140ἀλλʼ οὐ θέμις πλὴν τοῖς μαθηταῖσιν λέγειν. Στρεψιάδης λέγε νυν ἐμοὶ θαρρῶν· ἐγὼ γὰρ οὑτοσὶ ἥκω μαθητὴς ἐς τὸ φροντιστήριον. Μαθητής λέξω. νομίσαι δὲ ταῦτα χρὴ μυστήρια. ἀνήρετʼ ἄρτι Χαιρεφῶντα Σωκράτης 145ψύλλαν ὁπόσους ἅλλοιτο τοὺς αὑτῆς πόδας· δακοῦσα γὰρ τοῦ Χαιρεφῶντος τὴν ὀφρῦν ἐπὶ τὴν κεφαλὴν τὴν Σωκράτους ἀφήλατο. Στρεψιάδης πῶς δῆτα διεμέτρησε; Μαθητής δεξιώτατα. κηρὸν διατήξας, εἶτα τὴν ψύλλαν λαβὼν 150ἐνέβαψεν ἐς τὸν κηρὸν αὐτῆς τὼ πόδε, κᾆτα ψυχείσῃ περιέφυσαν Περσικαί. ταύτας ὑπολύσας ἀνεμέτρει τὸ χωρίον.

STUDENT (Within) O, hang it all! who’s knocking at the door?

STREPSIADES Me! Pheidon’s son: Strepsiades of Cicynna.

STUDENT Why, what a clown you are! to kick our door, In such a thoughtless, inconsiderate way! You’ve made my cogitation to miscarry.

STREPSIADES Forgive me: I’m an awkward country fool. But tell me, what was that I made miscarry?

STUDENT ’Tis not allowed: Students alone may hear.

STREPSIADES O that’s all right: you may tell me: I’m come To be a student in your thinking-house.

STUDENT Come then. But they’re high mysteries, remember. ’Twas Socrates was asking Chaerephon, How many feet of its own a flea could jump. For one first bit the brow of Chaerephon, Then bounded off to Socrates’s head.

STREPSIADES How did he measure this?

STUDENT Most cleverly. He warmed some wax, and then he caught the flea, And dipped its feet into the wax he’d melted: Then let it cool, and there were Persian slippers! These he took off, and so he found the distance.

Στρεψιάδης 153ὦ Ζεῦ βασιλεῦ τῆς λεπτότητος τῶν φρενῶν. Μαθητής τί δῆτʼ ἂν ἕτερον εἰ πύθοιο Σωκράτους 155φρόντισμα; Στρεψιάδης ποῖον; ἀντιβολῶ κάτειπέ μοι. Μαθητής ἀνήρετʼ αὐτὸν Χαιρεφῶν ὁ Σφήττιος ὁπότερα τὴν γνώμην ἔχοι, τὰς ἐμπίδας κατὰ τὸ στόμʼ ᾄδειν ἢ κατὰ τοὐρροπύγιον. Στρεψιάδης τί δῆτʼ ἐκεῖνος εἶπε περὶ τῆς ἐμπίδος; Μαθητής 160ἔφασκεν εἶναι τοὔντερον τῆς ἐμπίδος στενόν· διὰ λεπτοῦ δʼ ὄντος αὐτοῦ τὴν πνοὴν βίᾳ βαδίζειν εὐθὺ τοὐρροπυγίου· ἔπειτα κοῖλον πρὸς στενῷ προσκείμενον τὸν πρωκτὸν ἠχεῖν ὑπὸ βίας τοῦ πνεύματος. Στρεψιάδης 165σάλπιγξ ὁ πρωκτός ἐστιν ἄρα τῶν ἐμπίδων. ὦ τρισμακάριος τοῦ διεντερεύματος. ἦ ῥᾳδίως φεύγων ἂν ἀποφύγοι δίκην ὅστις δίοιδε τοὔντερον τῆς ἐμπίδος. Μαθητής πρώην δέ γε γνώμην μεγάλην ἀφῃρέθη 170ὑπʼ ἀσκαλαβώτου. Στρεψιάδης τίνα τρόπον; κάτειπέ μοι. Μαθητής ζητοῦντος αὐτοῦ τῆς σελήνης τὰς ὁδοὺς καὶ τὰς περιφορὰς εἶτʼ ἄνω κεχηνότος ἀπὸ τῆς ὀροφῆς νύκτωρ γαλεώτης κατέχεσεν. Στρεψιάδης ἥσθην γαλεώτῃ καταχέσαντι Σωκράτους. Μαθητής 175ἐχθὲς δέ γʼ ἡμῖν δεῖπνον οὐκ ἦν ἑσπέρας. Στρεψιάδης εἶεν· τί οὖν πρὸς τἄλφιτʼ ἐπαλαμήσατο; Μαθητής κατὰ τῆς τραπέζης καταπάσας λεπτὴν τέφραν κάμψας ὀβελίσκον εἶτα διαβήτην λαβὼν ἐκ τῆς παλαίστρας θοἰμάτιον ὑφείλετο.

STREPSIADES O Zeus and king, what subtle intellects!

STUDENT What would you say then if you heard another, Our Master’s own?

STREPSIADES O come, do tell me that.

STUDENT Why, Chaerephon was asking him in turn, Which theory did he sanction; that the gnats Hummed through their mouth, or backwards, through the tail?

STREPSIADES Aye, and what said your Master of the gnat?

STUDENT He answered thus: the entrail of the gnat Is small: and through this narrow pipe the wind Rushes with violence straight towards the tail; There, close against the pipe, the hollow rump Receives the wind, and whistles to the blast.

STREPSIADES So then the rump is trumpet to the gnats! O happy, happy in your entrail-learning! Full surely need he fear nor debts nor duns, Who knows about the entrails of the gnats.

STUDENT And yet last night a mighty thought we lost Through a green lizard.

STREPSIADES Tell me, how was that?

STUDENT Why, as Himself, with eyes and mouth wide open, Mused on the moon, her paths and revolutions, A lizard from the roof squirted full on him.

STREPSIADES He, he, he, he. I like the lizard’s spattering Socrates.

STUDENT Then yesterday, poor we, we’d got no dinner.

STREPSIADES Hah! what did he devise to do for barley?

STUDENT He sprinkled on the table—some fine ash—? He bent a spit—he grasped it compass-wise— And—filched a mantle from the Wrestling School.

Στρεψιάδης 180τί δῆτʼ ἐκεῖνον τὸν Θαλῆν θαυμάζομεν; ἄνοιγʼ ἄνοιγʼ ἀνύσας τὸ φροντιστήριον, καὶ δεῖξον ὡς τάχιστά μοι τὸν Σωκράτη. μαθητιῶ γάρ· ἀλλʼ ἄνοιγε τὴν θύραν. ὦ Ἡράκλεις ταυτὶ ποδαπὰ τὰ θηρία; Μαθητής 185τί ἐθαύμασας; τῷ σοι δοκοῦσιν εἰκέναι; Στρεψιάδης τοῖς ἐκ Πύλου ληφθεῖσι τοῖς Λακωνικοῖς. ἀτὰρ τί ποτʼ ἐς τὴν γῆν βλέπουσιν οὑτοιί; Μαθητής ζητοῦσιν οὗτοι τὰ κατὰ γῆς. Στρεψιάδης βολβοὺς ἄρα ζητοῦσι. μή νυν τουτογὶ φροντίζετε· 190ἐγὼ γὰρ οἶδʼ ἵνʼ εἰσὶ μεγάλοι καὶ καλοί. τί γὰρ οἵδε δρῶσιν οἱ σφόδρʼ ἐγκεκυφότες; Μαθητής οὗτοι δʼ ἐρεβοδιφῶσιν ὑπὸ τὸν Τάρταρον. Στρεψιάδης τί δῆθʼ ὁ πρωκτὸς ἐς τὸν οὐρανὸν βλέπει; Μαθητής αὐτὸς καθʼ αὑτὸν ἀστρονομεῖν διδάσκεται. 195ἀλλʼ εἴσιθʼ, ἵνα μὴ ʼκεῖνος ὑμῖν ἐπιτύχῃ. Στρεψιάδης μήπω γε μήπω γʼ· ἀλλʼ ἐπιμεινάντων, ἵνα αὐτοῖσι κοινώσω τι πραγμάτιον ἐμόν. Μαθητής ἀλλʼ οὐχ οἷόν τʼ αὐτοῖσι πρὸς τὸν ἀέρα ἔξω διατρίβειν πολὺν ἄγαν ἐστὶν χρόνον. Στρεψιάδης 200πρὸς τῶν θεῶν τί γὰρ τάδʼ ἐστίν; εἰπέ μοι. Μαθητής ἀστρονομία μὲν αὑτηί. Στρεψιάδης τουτὶ δὲ τί; Μαθητής γεωμετρία. Στρεψιάδης τοῦτʼ οὖν τί ἐστι χρήσιμον; Μαθητής γῆν ἀναμετρῆσαι.

STREPSIADES Good heavens! Why Thales was a fool to this! O open, open, wide the study door, And show me, show me, show me Socrates. I die to be a student. Open, open! O Heracles, what kind of beasts are these!

STUDENT Why, what’s the matter? what do you think they’re like?

STREPSIADES Like? why those Spartans whom we brought from Pylus: What makes them fix their eyes so on the ground?

STUDENT They seek things underground.

STREPSIADES O! to be sure, Truffles! You there, don’t trouble about that! I’ll tell you where the best and finest grow. Look! why do those stoop down so very much?

STUDENT They’re diving deep into the deepest secrets.

STREPSIADES Then why’s their rump turned up towards the sky?

STUDENT It’s taking private lessons on the stars. (To the other Students) Come, come: get in: HE’ll catch us presently.

STREPSIADES Not yet! not yet! just let them stop one moment, While I impart a little matter to them.

STUDENT No, no: they must go in: ’twould never do To expose themselves too long to the open air.

STREPSIADES O! by the Gods, now, what are these? do tell me.

STUDENT This is Astronomy.

STREPSIADES And what is this?

STUDENT Geometry.

STREPSIADES Well, what’s the use of that?

STUDENT To mete out lands.

Στρεψιάδης 203bπότερα τὴν κληρουχικήν; Μαθητής οὔκ, ἀλλὰ τὴν σύμπασαν. Στρεψιάδης ἀστεῖον λέγεις. 205τὸ γὰρ σόφισμα δημοτικὸν καὶ χρήσιμον. Μαθητής αὕτη δέ σοι γῆς περίοδος πάσης. ὁρᾷς; αἵδε μὲν Ἀθῆναι. Στρεψιάδης τί σὺ λέγεις; οὐ πείθομαι, ἐπεὶ δικαστὰς οὐχ ὁρῶ καθημένους. Μαθητής ὡς τοῦτʼ ἀληθῶς Ἀττικὸν τὸ χωρίον. Στρεψιάδης 210καὶ ποῦ Κικυννῆς εἰσὶν οὑμοὶ δημόται; Μαθητής ἐνταῦθʼ ἔνεισιν. ἡ δέ γʼ Εὔβοἰ, ὡς ὁρᾷς, ἡδὶ παρατέταται μακρὰ πόρρω πάνυ. Στρεψιάδης οἶδʼ· ὑπὸ γὰρ ἡμῶν παρετάθη καὶ Περικλέους. ἀλλʼ ἡ Λακεδαίμων ποῦ ʼσθʼ; Μαθητής ὅπου ʼστίν; αὑτηί. Στρεψιάδης 215ὡς ἐγγὺς ἡμῶν. τοῦτο πάνυ φροντίζετε, ταύτην ἀφʼ ἡμῶν ἀπαγαγεῖν πόρρω πάνυ. Μαθητής ἀλλʼ οὐχ οἷόν τε. Στρεψιάδης νὴ Δίʼ οἰμώξεσθʼ ἄρα. φέρε τίς γὰρ οὗτος οὑπὶ τῆς κρεμάθρας ἀνήρ; Μαθητής αὐτός. Στρεψιάδης τίς αὐτός; Μαθητής Σωκράτης. Στρεψιάδης ὦ Σώκρατες. 220ἴθʼ οὗτος, ἀναβόησον αὐτόν μοι μέγα. Μαθητής αὐτὸς μὲν οὖν σὺ κάλεσον· οὐ γάρ μοι σχολή. Στρεψιάδης ὦ Σώκρατες, ὦ Σωκρατίδιον. Σωκράτης τί με καλεῖς ὦφήμερε;

STREPSIADES What, for allotment grounds?

STUDENT No, but all lands.

STREPSIADES A choice idea, truly. Then every man may take his choice, you mean.

STUDENT Look; here’s a chart of the whole world. Do you see? This city’s Athens.

STREPSIADES Athens? I like that. I see no dicasts sitting. That’s not Athens.

STUDENT In very truth, this is the Attic ground.

STREPSIADES And where then are my townsmen of Cicynna?

STUDENT Why, thereabouts; and here, you see, Euboea: Here, reaching out a long way by the shore.

STREPSIADES Yes, overreached by us and Pericles. But now, where’s Sparta?

STUDENT Let me see: O, here.

STREPSIADES Heavens! how near us. O do please manage this, To shove her off from us, a long way further.

STUDENT We can’t do that, by Zeus.

STREPSIADES The worse for you. ’Hallo! who’s that? that fellow in the basket?

STUDENT That’s He.

STREPSIADES Who’s HE?

STUDENT Socrates.

STREPSIADES Socrates! You sir, call out to him as loud as you can.

STUDENT Call him yourself: I have not leisure now.

STREPSIADES Socrates! Socrates! Sweet Socrates!

Στρεψιάδης 224πρῶτον μὲν ὅ τι δρᾷς ἀντιβολῶ κάτειπέ μοι. Σωκράτης 225ἀεροβατῶ καὶ περιφρονῶ τὸν ἥλιον. Στρεψιάδης ἔπειτʼ ἀπὸ ταρροῦ τοὺς θεοὺς ὑπερφρονεῖς, ἀλλʼ οὐκ ἀπὸ τῆς γῆς, εἴπερ; Σωκράτης οὐ γὰρ ἄν ποτε ἐξηῦρον ὀρθῶς τὰ μετέωρα πράγματα, εἰ μὴ κρεμάσας τὸ νόημα καὶ τὴν φροντίδα 230λεπτὴν καταμείξας ἐς τὸν ὅμοιον ἀέρα. εἰ δʼ ὢν χαμαὶ τἄνω κάτωθεν ἐσκόπουν, οὐκ ἄν ποθʼ ηὗρον· οὐ γὰρ ἀλλʼ ἡ γῆ βίᾳ ἕλκει πρὸς αὑτὴν τὴν ἰκμάδα τῆς φροντίδος. πάσχει δὲ ταὐτὸ τοῦτο καὶ τὰ κάρδαμα. Στρεψιάδης 235τί φῄς; ἡ φροντὶς ἕλκει τὴν ἰκμάδʼ ἐς τὰ κάρδαμα; ἴθι νυν κατάβηθʼ ὦ Σωκρατίδιον ὡς ἐμέ, ἵνα με διδάξῃς ὧνπερ οὕνεκʼ ἐλήλυθα. Σωκράτης ἦλθες δὲ κατὰ τί; Στρεψιάδης βουλόμενος μαθεῖν λέγειν. 240ὑπὸ γὰρ τόκων χρήστων τε δυσκολωτάτων ἄγομαι φέρομαι, τὰ χρήματʼ ἐνεχυράζομαι. Σωκράτης πόθεν δʼ ὑπόχρεως σαυτὸν ἔλαθες γενόμενος; Στρεψιάδης νόσος μʼ ἐπέτριψεν ἱππικὴ δεινὴ φαγεῖν. ἀλλά με δίδαξον τὸν ἕτερον τοῖν σοῖν λόγοιν, 245τὸν μηδὲν ἀποδιδόντα. μισθὸν δʼ ὅντινʼ ἂν πράττῃ μʼ ὀμοῦμαί σοι καταθήσειν τοὺς θεούς. Σωκράτης ποίους θεοὺς ὀμεῖ σύ; πρῶτον γὰρ θεοὶ ἡμῖν νόμισμʼ οὐκ ἔστι. Στρεψιάδης τῷ γὰρ ὄμνυτʼ; ἢ σιδαρέοισιν ὥσπερ ἐν Βυζαντίῳ;

SOCRATES Mortal! why call’st thou me?

STREPSIADES O, first of all, please tell me what you are doing.

SOCRATES I walk on air, and contemplate the Sun.

STREPSIADES O then from a basket you contemn the Gods, And not from the earth, at any rate?

SOCRATES Most true. I could not have searched out celestial matters Without suspending judgement, and infusing My subtle spirit with the kindred air. If from the ground I were to seek these things, I could not find: so surely doth the earth Draw to herself the essence of our thought. The same too is the case with water-cress.”

STREPSIADES Hillo! what’s that? Thought draws the essence into water-cress? Come down, sweet Socrates, more near my level, And teach the lessons which I come to learn.

SOCRATES And wherefore art thou come?

STREPSIADES To learn to speak. For owing to my horrid debts and duns, My goods are seized, I’m robbed, and mobbed, and plundered.

SOCRATES How did you get involved with your eyes open?

STREPSIADES A galloping consumption seized my money. Come now: do let me learn the unjust Logic That can shirk debts: now do just let me learn it. Name your own price, by all the Gods I’ll pay it.

SOCRATES The Gods! why you must know the Gods with us Don’t pass for current coin.

STREPSIADES Eh? what do you use then? Have you got iron, as the Byzantines have?

Σωκράτης 250βούλει τὰ θεῖα πράγματʼ εἰδέναι σαφῶς ἅττʼ ἐστὶν ὀρθῶς; Στρεψιάδης νὴ Δίʼ εἴπερ ἔστι γε. Σωκράτης καὶ ξυγγενέσθαι ταῖς Νεφέλαισιν ἐς λόγους, ταῖς ἡμετέραισι δαίμοσιν; Στρεψιάδης μάλιστά γε. Σωκράτης κάθιζε τοίνυν ἐπὶ τὸν ἱερὸν σκίμποδα. Στρεψιάδης 255ἰδοὺ κάθημαι. Σωκράτης τουτονὶ τοίνυν λαβὲ τὸν στέφανον. Στρεψιάδης ἐπὶ τί στέφανον; οἴμοι Σώκρατες ὥσπερ με τὸν Ἀθάμανθʼ ὅπως μὴ θύσετε. Σωκράτης οὔκ, ἀλλὰ ταῦτα πάντα τοὺς τελουμένους ἡμεῖς ποιοῦμεν. Στρεψιάδης εἶτα δὴ τί κερδανῶ; Σωκράτης 260λέγειν γενήσει τρῖμμα κρόταλον παιπάλη. ἀλλʼ ἔχʼ ἀτρεμί. Στρεψιάδης μὰ τὸν Δίʼ οὐ ψεύσει γέ με· καταπαττόμενος γὰρ παιπάλη γενήσομαι.

SOCRATES Come, would you like to learn celestial matters, How their truth stands?

STREPSIADES Yes, if there’s any truth.

SOCRATES And to hold intercourse with yon bright Clouds, Our virgin Goddesses?

STREPSIADES Yes, that I should.

SOCRATES Then sit you down upon that sacred bed.

STREPSIADES Well, I am sitting.

SOCRATES Here then, take this chaplet.

STREPSIADES Chaplet? why? why? now, never, Socrates: Don’t sacrifice poor me, like Athamas.

SOCRATES Fear not: our entrance-services require All to do this.

STREPSIADES But what am I to gain?

SOCRATES You’ll be the flower of talkers, prattlers, gossips: Only keep quiet.

STREPSIADES Zeus! your words come true! I shall be flour indeed with all this peppering.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Benjamin Bickley Rogers (1924). Original text: Greek text: F. W. Hall and W. M. Geldart (eds.), Aristophanis Comoediae, Oxford Classical Texts, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1906-1907, as digitised by Perseus. English: Benjamin Bickley Rogers, Aristophanes, vol. I, Loeb Classical Library, London: William Heinemann, and New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1924.

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, Greek: CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain (Rogers). Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.